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Showing 751 - 800ASH 2020: ctDNA May Indicate Increased Risk of Relapse After Stem Cell Transplant in Patients With DLBCL
Many patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) may be cured by autologous stem cell transplant, but as many as half eventually relapse. New research presented by Reid Merryman, MD, and colleagues at the 2020 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition suggests...
Albert Einstein College of Medicine Researchers Receive $5 Million Grant From the National Institutes of Health
A TEAM OF SCIENTISTS from Albert Einstein College of Medicine has received a 5-year, $4.9 million grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to establish a research center to investigate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- and human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers in Africa. The...
Career Development Award Winner Dr. Aparna Parikh on the Emerging Importance of Liquid Biopsies for GI Cancers
Systematic liquid biopsies are transforming treatment approaches for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Many GI tumors are detected late, which ultimately reduces 5-year overall survival rates. Liquid biopsies may become increasingly important both in the early detection and treatment...
Progress Report on Checkpoint Inhibitors in Rare Tumors
Immune checkpoint inhibitors may prove to be effective in treating patients with two rare cancer types—leptomeningeal metastases and angiosarcoma, according to early-phase clinical trials reported at the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC), which was held virtually ...
Emerging Data on PARP Inhibition in Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer has lagged behind other solid tumors with regard to molecularly targeted therapy and precision medicine, with no targeted therapies approved specifically in prostate cancer, but that has changed with the recent approval in 2020 of a PARP (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase) inhibitor for...
Physician-Scientist Judah Folkman, MD, Faced Years of Skepticism Before His Theory of Angiogenesis Was Proven
That Moses Judah Folkman would buck tradition, breaking his family’s long line of rabbinical succession and pursuing a career in science and medicine instead, was evident from the time he was a young child. Born in Cleveland on February 24, 1933, the first child of Rabbi Jerome and Bessie Folkman, ...
An Early Love of the Duck-Billed Platypus Sparks a Career in Cancer Research
Elaine R. Mardis, PhD, Co-Director of the Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, was born and reared in North Platte, a small city located in the west-central part of Nebraska. “My love of science was sparked and nurtured by my father, who was a chemistry professor for...
Interference of Clonal Hematopoiesis in DNA Repair Genes With Prostate Cancer Plasma Cell-Free DNA Testing
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Jensen and colleagues found that clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) involving DNA repair genes can interfere with prostate cancer plasma cell-free DNA testing used to determine eligibility for poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor...
Circulating Tumor DNA and Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Breast Cancer
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Cullinane et al found that higher levels of plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) were associated with poorer disease-free survival in patients with both early and advanced breast cancer, with the association being stronger with ...
ASH 2020: Novel Antibody-Drug Conjugate Shows Activity in Rare, Aggressive Form of Leukemia
A phase I/II study found that IMGN632, a novel CD123-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, was tolerable and resulted in a 29% overall response rate in patients with relapsed or refractory blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare but aggressive form of leukemia. Treatment with the...
FDA Pipeline: Agents in DLBCL, SCLC, AML, and More
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued regulatory decisions for agents to treat diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), biliary tract cancer, and graft-vs-host disease. Priority Review for Loncastuximab Tesirine...
Phase II Study of Combination Immunotherapy for Advanced Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade with ipilimumab plus nivolumab provided durable responses in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, according to updated efficacy and safety findings from a phase II study presented by Kao et al at ESMO Asia Virtual Congress 2020 (Abstract 266O)....
Final Analysis of SOLAR-1: 8-Month Survival Benefit Misses Statistical Significance for Alpelisib
The statistically significant benefit of alpelisib in reducing disease progression, as reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2 years ago, did not translate into a significant improvement in overall survival, although a numerical 8-month gain was observed in the final ...
Analysis Seeks to Identify Characteristics of 'Exceptional Responders' to Cancer Therapy
In a comprehensive analysis of patients with cancer who had exceptional responses to therapy, researchers identified molecular changes in the patients’ tumors that may explain some of these outcomes. The results, published by Wheeler et al in Cancer Cell, demonstrated that genomic characterizations ...
ESMO Asia 2020: Early Detection and Localization of Cancer Using a Blood-Based Assay
The ELSA-seq assay was able to detect diverse cancer types at early stages with high specificity and was able to provide information regarding the tissue of origin, according to findings presented by Gao et al at the ESMO Asia Virtual Congress 2020 (Abstract LBA3). Qiang Gao, MD, PhD, of the Liver...
Novel Treatment Approaches on the Horizon in Multiple Myeloma
Clinicians who treat multiple myeloma can anticipate a host of new treatments: melflufen, cereblon E3 ligase modulators (CELMoDs), antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies. Kenneth C. Anderson, MD, FASCO, Director of the Jerome Lipper...
Companion Diagnostic to Identify NTRK Fusions in Patients With Solid Tumors Eligible for Larotrectinib Treatment Approved by FDA
On October 23, 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the next-generation sequencing–based FoundationOne CDx test as a companion diagnostic to identify fusions in the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) genes NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3 in DNA isolated from tumor tissue...
Liquid Biopsy: Mounting Evidence Shows Clinical Utility in Tumor Monitoring
A “blood-first” approach could soon shift the diagnostic paradigm in advanced lung cancer, replacing tissue biopsy with minimally invasive assays. According to Natasha B. Leighl, MD, MMSc, FRCPC, FASCO, there is rapidly mounting evidence that liquid biopsy serves a prognostic function in advanced...
Fragment Analysis as a MET Exon 14 Screening Strategy in NSCLC Tumors
Comparison of two techniques used in screening non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor samples demonstrated that fragment analysis could detect large MET exon 14 skipping deletions that were missed by next-generation sequencing, according to findings presented at the Molecular Analysis for...
Expert Point of View: Tim Price, MBBS, DHthSc
The invited discussant of PRODIGE 13 was Tim Price, MBBS, DHthSc, Professor at the University of Adelaide, Australia, senior consultant medical oncologist, and Director of Medical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Research at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital. As he reminded listeners, the current ASCO...
FDA Expands Approval of Companion Diagnostic for Olaparib in Prostate Cancer
On November 9, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved FoundationOne Liquid CDx to be used as a companion diagnostic for olaparib. As a companion diagnostic, FoundationOne Liquid CDx will use a blood-based biopsy to identify patients with BRCA1, BRCA2, and/or ATM alterations and...
Recently Approved and Emerging Therapies for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
“Triple-negative breast cancer has multiple different subtypes, and there are targeted therapies that can be used based on the biomarkers that we identify for each patient,” Kari B. Wisinski, MD, noted in a review of recently approved and emerging therapies at the 2020 Lynn Sage Breast Cancer...
Fred R. Hirsch, MD, PhD, on Early-Stage Lung Cancer: Targeted Treatment and Screening
Fred R. Hirsch, MD, PhD, of The Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, discusses lung cancer screening for aggressive early-stage lung cancer; adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment, including the ADAURA study of EGFR-positive tumors; and how cell-free DNA analysis might be used in the future to...
Expert Point of View: Andreas du Bois, MD, PhD
The invited discussant of the phase III INOVATYON trial was Andreas du Bois, MD, PhD, Chairman of the Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology at Kliniken Essen Mitte, Germany, and Chairman of the AGO Study Group. As Dr. du Bois explained, the study “dealt with an old question: Does...
FDA Pipeline: Priority Reviews in NSCLC, Gastric Cancer
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Priority Review to a PD-1 inhibitor for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and also granted Priority Review to a HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate for patients with...
Study Identifies Genetic Variants Linked to Bevacizumab-Induced Adverse Events
Researchers have found two common genetic variants that may be used to predict whether patients with cancer may have severe adverse events when treated with the anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody bevacizumab. A genome-wide association study—according to researchers, the largest such study in patients...
Study Finds Distinct Genomic Alterations May Contribute to More Aggressive Prostate Cancer in Black Men
A study by Liu et al published in Molecular Cancer Research investigated why Black men appear to be more likely to develop aggressive prostate cancer than White men. Researchers found that prostate tumors in Black men had higher frequencies of distinct genetic alterations, which may contribute to...
Breast Cancer Risk and Disease-Causing Genetic Mutations in Women Older Than 65
Women with breast cancer onset after age 65 often do not qualify for genetic testing, yet little is known about the frequency of disease-causing mutations in breast cancer predisposition genes in this population. In a new study, researchers investigated the prevalence of disease-causing variants in ...
New Maintenance Therapies in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Aim to End Perpetual Chemotherapy
The advent of effective combination chemotherapies has changed the treatment landscape for metastatic pancreatic cancer, extending median survival and leading to durable responses in a subset of patients. However, perpetual chemotherapy is cumulatively toxic, leading to progressive bone marrow...
Pretreatment ctDNA May Help Predict Outcomes With First-Line—but Not Second-Line—Immunotherapy for Patients With Melanoma
A study by Marsavela et al published in Clinical Cancer Research evaluating the predictive value of pretreatment circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to inform therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced-stage melanoma relative to type and line of treatment has found that baseline levels of ctDNA...
Companion Diagnostic to Identify NTRK Fusions in Patients With Solid Tumors Eligible for Treatment With Larotrectinib Approved by the FDA
On October 23, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the next-generation sequencing–based FoundationOne CDx test as a companion diagnostic to identify fusions in the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) genes NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3 in DNA isolated from tumor tissue specimens ...
Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center Wins Federal Grant to Accelerate Ovarian Cancer Research
Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center (DF/HCC) has been awarded a $12 million grant from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to bring promising ovarian cancer research from the laboratory to clinical practice. The highly competitive Specialized Programs of Research Excellence (SPORE) grant will help...
2020 NIH Director’s Early Independence Awards Announced
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director’s Early Independence Award, established in 2010, is part of the High-Risk, High-Reward Research program managed by the Common Fund. The award provides an opportunity for exceptional junior scientists to skip the traditional postdoc and start an...
Expert Point of View: Chiara Cremolini, MD, PhD
The KEYNOTE-177 invited discussant, Chiara Cremolini, MD, PhD, of the University of Pisa, Italy, welcomed the patient-reported outcomes of the study, noting that such data are frequently missing. “Unfortunately, quality of life is an often-disregarded issue in colorectal cancer clinical trials,”...
Yale Cancer Center Awarded NIH SPORE Grant for Head and Neck Cancer Research
Yale Cancer Center (YCC) researchers were awarded a 5-year, $11.7 million grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to fund the Yale Head and Neck Cancer Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE). The SPORE program harnesses the strengths of academic cancer centers by bringing...
Ipatasertib/Abiraterone Combination Shows Potential in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With PTEN Loss
Ipatasertib plus abiraterone plus prednisone achieved significantly superior radiographic progression–free survival and antitumor activity compared with placebo plus abiraterone plus prednisonein patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and PTEN loss, according to the results...
Olaparib Improves Outcomes in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With BRCA1/2 Alterations
The PARP inhibitor olaparib reduced the risk of death by 31% compared with a second hormonal treatment (enzalutamide or abiraterone) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer characterized by BRCA1, BRCA2, or ATM mutations, in the final analysis of the phase III PROfound trial...
Emmanuelle Charpentier, PhD, and Jennifer A. Doudna, PhD, Honored With Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020
On October 7, 2020, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 would be awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier, PhD, and Jennifer A. Doudna, PhD, “for the development of a method for genome editing,” the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors. “There is enormous power...
2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Awarded to Team Who Discovered Hepatitis C Virus
This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three scientists who have made a decisive contribution to the treatment of blood-borne hepatitis, a major global health problem that causes cirrhosis and liver cancer in people around the world. Harvey J. Alter, MD; Michael Houghton,...
Expert Point of View: Christine M. Lovly, MD, PhD
Lorlatinib was strategically designed to have activity against ALK and to be highly CNS-penetrant,” said formal discussant Christine M. Lovly, MD, PhD, of Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville. “We look forward to seeing more data from this trial. Alectinib had a progression-free survival of...
FDA Pipeline: Priority Reviews in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer, Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma; Fast Track Designations in CLL and Solid Tumors
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Priority Review to treatments for EGFR-mutant lung cancer and advanced renal cell carcinoma; granted Fast Track designation to agents in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors; and more....
Radiation-Induced Genetic Deletions May Be Associated With Poorer Patient Outcomes
Treatment of diffuse gliomas with radiotherapy resulted in an increased number of genomic small deletions that make up a unique signature, according to findings presented at the Molecular Analysis for Precision Oncology (MAP) Congress 2020 (Abstract 2MO). Furthermore, an increased burden of...
Do Patients With Early-Stage NSCLC Have a Higher Tumor Mutational Burden Than Those With More Advanced Disease?
The tumors of patients with stage I and II non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) demonstrated a generally higher tumor mutational burden and more often displayed the mutational signature associated with tobacco smoking than those of patients with more advanced disease, according to findings presented...
Fragment Analysis as a MET Exon 14 Screening Strategy in NSCLC Tumors
Comparison of two techniques used in screening non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor samples demonstrated that fragment analysis could detect large MET exon 14 skipping deletions that were missed by next-generation sequencing, according to findings presented at the Molecular Analysis for...
Urine-Based Liquid Biopsy May Perform Similarly to Urine Cytology in Detecting Urothelial Carcinoma
Analysis of DNA copy number variants in the cells exfoliated in urine showed improved sensitivity and similar specificity in detecting urothelial carcinoma compared to urine cytology, according to results published by Zeng et al in Clinical Cancer Research. “Urine cytology, which is widely used to...
Identifying Characteristics of Infused CAR T Cells Associated With Efficacy and Toxicity in Patients With Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Researchers have identified molecular and cellular characteristics of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell infusion products associated with how patients with large B-cell lymphoma respond to treatment and develop side effects. The research team also found that early changes in...
FDA Pipeline: Designations for Treatments of Rare Blood Cancer, B-Cell Malignancies, and Gastric Cancers
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to an antibody-drug conjugate for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN); gave Fast Track designation to a novel chimeric antigen...
Dana-Farber Opens Clinical Trial to Evaluate Simple Blood Test for Many Types of Cancer
Recent advances such as immune, cellular, and targeted therapies have provided new and effective means to treat a variety of cancers. Despite this considerable progress, cancer caught in its earliest stages remains the most curable. That is why Dana-Farber Cancer Institute is opening a new clinical ...
LUNGevity Foundation Recognizes Recipients of 2020 Career Development Awards
LUNGevity Foundation, a nonprofit organization, recently announced three recipients of its 2020 Career Development Awards for lung cancer research. These awards were presented to Kathyrn Arbour, MD, Assistant Attending at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Carl Gay, MD, PhD, of The University...
High-Risk, HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Treatment Options
Although most patients with breast cancer are considered to have an overall excellent prognosis, 600,000 people still die annually of the disease around the world. Even in HER2-positive breast cancer, a subtype that has seen a transformation of outcomes in the past 2 decades, there’s still room for ...
