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Gastroesophageal Cancer

Ramucirumab/Paclitaxel as Switch Maintenance in Advanced HER2-Negative Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer

In an Italian phase III study (ARMANI) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Randon et al found that switch maintenance with ramucirumab/paclitaxel was associated with significantly improved progression-free survival vs continuation of first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced HER2-negative gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer.

Cardio-oncology

Evidence-Based Recommendations and Knowledge Gaps Regarding Cardio-Oncology

A recent report highlighted evidence-based recommendations for the prevention, detection, and management of cancer therapy–related cardiovascular toxicity and cardiovascular events in patients with cancer, as well as knowledge gaps. Select considerations are summarized herein.

 

Leukemia

MRD-Guided Chemotherapy Intensification After Induction in Fit Older Patients With AML

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Russell et al, the NCRI AML18 trial has shown survival benefit with treatment intensification in fit older patients with measurable residual disease (MRD)-positive response after first induction for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).


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Head and Neck Cancer

Radiotherapy With Durvalumab or Cetuximab in Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer With Contraindication for Cisplatin

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Mell et al, the phase II/III NRG-HN004 trial of radiotherapy with durvalumab or cetuximab in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and contraindications for cisplatin was stopped for futility during phase II; the phase III portion  of the trial was not performed.

 

Lung Cancer

Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Aumolertinib, Osimertinib, Gefitinib, and Their Major Metabolites in NSCLC

Researchers may have established an accurate ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for comparing the pharmacokinetic properties of three EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and their major metabolites in mouse models and patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a recent study published by Bailleul et al in the National Science Review. The findings could provide a pharmacokinetic basis for the clinical application of aumolertinib and the development of next-generation EGFR TKIs.

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Hematologic Malignancies

Rami S. Komrokji, MD, on Myelodysplastic Neoplasms: Classifying Risks Among Subsets of Disease

Gynecologic Cancers

Overall Survival Not Improved With Maintenance Niraparib in Advanced Ovarian Cancer

The final overall survival analysis of the phase III PRIMA trial found no survival benefit for maintenance niraparib over placebo in advanced ovarian cancer. However, the PARP inhibitor continued to exert a sustained progression-free survival benefit, investigators reported at the European Society...

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Impact of Menopausal Status on Long-Term Benefit From Antihormonal Treatment in Women With Breast Cancer

New research has shown that postmenopausal women with low-risk tumors have a long-term benefit for at least 20 years, whereas the benefit was more short-term for younger women with similar tumor characteristics who had not yet gone through menopause. The results were reported in the Journal of the ...

Paolo Corradini, MD, on PMBCL and DLBCL: Comparing Outcomes With Axicabtagene Ciloleucel

Gastroesophageal Cancer

KEYNOTE-811: Pembrolizumab Combination in First-Line Setting Improves Overall Survival in Gastric Cancer

In the final per-protocol analysis of the phase III KEYNOTE-811 trial, an overall survival benefit was shown by adding the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab to trastuzumab and chemotherapy in treatment-naive, unresectable, HER2-positive metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.1 ...

Lung Cancer

Novel EGFR Inhibitor Firmonertinib Shows Activity in Rare Subtype of NSCLC

Firmonertinib (AST2818; formerly furmonertinib), a novel EGFR inhibitor, has shown activity and tolerability in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR P loop and aC-helix compressing (PACC) mutations, according to data presented at the International Association for ...

Regional, Racial, Economic Disparities in Air Pollution–Related Cancer Risk May Be Improving but Still Persist

Investigators report they have uncovered patterns in the risk of cancer associated with lifetime exposure to air pollution and how this risk may have changed over time, in a recent study published by Hurbain et al in Environmental Science & Technology. The findings could build on the scientific ...

Hematologic Malignancies
Leukemia

Nigel Russell, MD, on Acute Myeloid Leukemia: New Findings on FLAG-Ida and Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin

Pancreatic Cancer

Increase in Young-Onset Pancreatic Cancer May Be Due to Overdiagnosis of Early-Stage Endocrine Cancer

A recent analysis of pancreatic cancer data in young adults (aged 15–39) has found that although there is an increase in incidence, the mortality rate remains stable. According to Patel et al, who published their findings in the Annals of Internal Medicine, the rise in incidence is primarily due to ...

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Challenges, Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy

Investigators have assessed the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells in cancer treatment in a new review published by Minev et al in Oncotarget. Study Overview and Implications The investigators found that mesenchymal stem cells can naturally target tumors and deliver therapeutic agents...

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