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Showing 651 - 700Researchers Identify Specific Mutations in the BRAF Gene That May Affect Response to Treatment and Survival in Adult Brain Cancers
Researchers have identified a range of genetic mutations in gliomas that may help them understand how different mutations in the BRAF gene interact with other gene mutations—and which ones are more susceptible to targeted treatments in adults—according to a new study published by Schreck et al in...
DeFi Trial: Novel Gamma Secretase Inhibitor Halts Progression of Desmoid Tumors
Patients with rare desmoid tumors may finally have an effective treatment. A first-in-class gamma secretase inhibitor, nirogacestat, led to an improvement in progression-free survival in the phase III DeFi trial. The results were presented during the Presidential Symposium at the European Society...
NICHE-2: ‘Unprecedented’ Waterfall Plot Achieved With Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in dMMR Colon Cancer
Treatment with neoadjuvant immunotherapy in colon cancer resulted in major pathologic responses in 95% of patients, NICHE-2 investigators reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2022.1 Additionally, after 4 weeks of nivolumab plus ipilimumab, 67% of patients with...
The NordICC Trial: The Devil Is in the Details
Colorectal cancer ranks third among cancer deaths in both men and women in the United States, with an estimated 106,000 new cases and 52,000 deaths anticipated in 2022.1 Colorectal cancer rates have declined by approximately 2% per year from 2014 to 2018 in people over the age of 50 years, which is ...
Longer-Term Follow-up From ADAURA Supports Adjuvant Osimertinib as Standard of Care for EGFR-Mutated Stage IB to IIIA NSCLC
With longer-term follow-up, adjuvant treatment with osimertinib led to a 77% reduction in the risk of disease recurrence or death following complete resection vs placebo-treated patients with EGFR-mutated, stage II to IIIA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Disease-free survival was improved...
PSA Screening Rates and Incidence of Metastatic Prostate Cancer at VHA Facilities
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Bryant et al found that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening rates at Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities declined between 2005 and 2019—and that diagnoses of metastatic prostate cancer increased over the same time period....
Increased Mortality From Comorbid Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Associated With Increased Social Vulnerability
In a U.S.-based cross-sectional study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Sarju Ganatra, MD, of Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, and colleagues found that mortality from comorbid cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) was significantly higher in counties with higher...
2022 Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer Released
Overall cancer death rates continued to decline among men, women, children, adolescents, and young adults in every major racial and ethnic group in the United States from 2015 to 2019, according to the latest Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer. From 2014 to 2018, overall cancer...
Cancer on the Global Stage: Incidence and Cancer-Related Mortality in Austria
The Republic of Austria is a high-income, landlocked country in south-central Europe and has been a member of the European Union since 1995.1 Vienna, the capital city of nearly 2 million people, is regularly ranked among the most livable cities in the world.2 The total population of Austria is more ...
A Urologic Surgeon Shares His Insights on Robotic Radical Prostatectomy
In 2000, the da Vinci Surgical System broke new ground by becoming the first robotic surgery system approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for general laparoscopic surgery. In its early years, robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was characterized by some in the surgical community as an...
Clinical and Translational Researcher Rossana Berardi, MD, Works to Overcome the Gender Gap in Oncology in Italy
In our continuing effort to connect and learn more about our international oncology colleagues, The ASCO Post recently spoke with Rossana Berardi, MD, Professor in Medical Oncology and Director of the Postgraduate School of Oncology at the Università Politecnica Marche, Ancona, Italy, where she is...
PCS5 Trial: Long-Term Outcomes of Moderately Shortened Radiation Course for High-Risk Prostate Cancer
A randomized study has confirmed that patients with high-risk prostate cancer can be treated with 5 vs 8 weeks of radiation therapy. The phase III clinical trial is the first to confirm the safety and efficacy of a moderately shortened course of radiation exclusively for patients with high-risk...
Small First-in-Human Trial Investigates FLASH Proton Radiotherapy for Patients With Bone Metastases
FLASH radiation treatment—which delivers therapeutic doses of radiation in a fraction of a second—may be a potential treatment for tough-to-kill tumors, a first-in-human study in a small number of people with bone cancer suggests. The technology, previously tested in animals, was shown to be as...
Can Patients With Cancer Treated With Immunotherapy Safely Receive mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines?
New research confirmed the safety of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in individuals with cancer who are undergoing immunotherapy, according to a novel study published by Widman et al in JNCCN–Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. The researchers analyzed the frequency of immune-related...
Maternal Deaths From Cancer Worldwide Have Led to Approximately 1 Million New Maternal Orphans
In 2020, 4.4 million women died from cancer worldwide, leaving behind an estimated 1.04 million maternal orphans (defined as children aged 18 years and younger who have lost their mother), according to the results from a study by Guida et al presented during a press conference at the Union for...
No Benefit for Adjuvant Palbociclib in Stage IIA Breast Cancer: Analysis From the PALLAS Trial
In a preplanned analysis of the PALLAS trial, the addition of adjuvant palbociclib to standard endocrine therapy did not improve outcomes over endocrine therapy alone in patients with stage IIA breast cancer. Palbociclib offered no additional benefit in terms of invasive disease–free survival (the...
Study Examines Efficacy, Cost of FIT vs Multitarget Stool DNA Testing for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Commercially available noninvasive screening tests for colorectal cancer—the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and the Cologuard multitarget stool DNA test—are equally effective for screening patients with early-stage colorectal cancer. However, FIT costs about one-fifth of the multitarget stool DNA...
Study Identifies How Cancer-Causing Gene Might Regulate Genetic Variation in Prostate Cancer
Researchers at the Barts Cancer Institute at the Queen Mary University of London, the Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, and the University of Milan may have identified a novel role for a cancer-causing gene in controlling an important genetic process that underpins genetic variation in...
Breast Cancer 2021–2022 Almanac
The past year has seen an unprecedented number of practice-changing advances across all three major breast cancer subtypes. For patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab firmly entered the standard of care based on improvements in...
T-DXd Shows Efficacy Against Active Brain Metastases in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the single-center phase II TUXEDO-1 trial of patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer, fam-trastuzumab-deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) showed efficacy in patients with active brain metastases, yielding intracranial responses in 73.3% of the population and a median progression-free survival of...
Dual Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Elicits Responses in Highly Mutated Breast Cancer
Patients with advanced HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer and high tumor mutational burden achieved responses—often durable—from treatment with the immunotherapy doublet of nivolumab and ipilimumab, according to results of the phase II NIMBUS trial reported at the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer ...
Risk of Meningioma in Childhood Cancer Survivors
In a pooled analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Withrow et al found that increased exposure of the meninges to radiation therapy was associated with an increased risk of developing meningioma in survivors of childhood cancer. Receipt of methotrexate was also associated with increased risk. Study...
Switch to Fulvestrant/Palbociclib With Rising ESR1 Mutation Level in Blood During Aromatase Inhibitor/Palbociclib Therapy in Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by François-Clément Bidard, MD, and colleagues, the French phase III PADA-1 trial has shown that switching to fulvestrant/palbociclib vs continuing first-line aromatase inhibitor (AI)/palbociclib therapy was associated with improved progression-free survival among ...
NICHE-2: ‘Unprecedented’ Waterfall Plot Achieved With Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in dMMR Colon Cancer
Treatment with neoadjuvant immunotherapy in colon cancer resulted in major pathologic responses in 95% of patients, NICHE-2 investigators reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2022.1 Additionally, after 4 weeks of nivolumab plus ipilimumab, 67% of patients with...
What Is the Best Induction Regimen for Newly Diagnosed PCNSL?
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) accounts for less than 1% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas and between 3% and 4% of all brain tumors, with an age-adjusted incidence rate of four cases per million persons per year. Approximately 1,500 new cases are diagnosed each year in the United...
The Development of Geriatric Oncology in France: An Outside View
With the aging of the world population, geriatric oncology is becoming a mainstay. Over the past year in The ASCO Post, we published a couple of articles on the history of oncology, including one on the history of geriatric oncology in the United States and Europe. Our goal was to promote a...
Update on the Impact of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine on Patients With Cancer
In the more than 7 months since Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022, cancer care for Ukrainian citizens has changed dramatically. Ukraine was once a country able to provide its approximately 160,000 newly diagnosed patients with cancer each year with modern diagnostic methods, including...
Association of Social Vulnerability With Mortality From Comorbid Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease
In a U.S. cross-sectional study reported in JACC:CardioOncology, Ganatra et al found that mortality from comorbid cancer and cardiovascular disease was significantly higher in counties with higher vs lower social vulnerability (ie, age greater than vs less than 45, male vs female sex, Black vs...
Toxicity Outcomes With Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Patients With Up to Five Oligometastases
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Olson et al, the primary toxicity results of the phase II SABR-5 trial have shown a low rate of toxic effects with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for patients with up to five oligometastases. As stated by the investigators: “After the publication of the...
Single vs Multiple Doses of Prophylactic IV Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction
In a Swedish study reported in JAMA Network Open, Gahm et al found that multiple vs single doses of prophylactic intravenous (IV) antibiotics did not significantly reduce the risk of surgical site infection leading to implant removal in women undergoing implant-based breast reconstruction after...
Minimally Invasive vs Open Nephrectomy for Kidney Cancer: 1-Year Health-Care Expenditure and Utilization
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Okhawere et al found that minimally invasive surgery was associated with similar or reduced total expenditures vs open surgery during the first year after partial or radical nephrectomy for kidney cancer. Study Details The study...
National Lung Screening Trial Results Highlight Importance of Lifelong Follow-up
Approximately 6% of patients with stage I to III lung cancer develop second primary lung cancer within 5 years of their initial diagnosis, according to research presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer.1 Analysis of data...
Exploratory Analysis of POSEIDON: Chemoimmunotherapy Regimen May Offer Survival Benefit in Subgroups of Patients With Metastatic NSCLC
The addition of the CTLA-4 inhibitor tremelimumab to durvalumab and chemotherapy in the first-line setting has already demonstrated an overall survival and progression-free survival benefit vs chemotherapy alone in patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). According to data...
Justin M. Barnes, MD, on Medicaid Expansion and Changes in Cancer Mortality Rates
Justin M. Barnes, MD, of the Washington University School of Medicine, discusses the ways in which Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act seems to affect distant diagnoses and cancer deaths per year, the differences in the impact of expansion between Black and White patients in the United ...
DeFi Trial: Novel Gamma Secretase Inhibitor Halts Progression of Desmoid Tumors
Patients with rare desmoid tumors may finally have an effective treatment. A first-in-class gamma secretase inhibitor, nirogacestat, led to an improvement in progression-free survival in the phase III DeFi trial. The results were presented during the Presidential Symposium at the European Society...
Constitutional BRCA1 Methylation and Risk of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Ovarian Cancer
In a case-control study within the U.S. Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) study population reported in JAMA Oncology, Lønning et al found that BRCA1 promoter methylation identified in white blood cells was associated with increased risks of incident triple-negative breast cancer and high-grade serous ...
Research Finds Medicaid Expansion Led to Decreases in Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates
State-run Medicaid insurance, expanded in 2014 as part of the Affordable Care Act, has resulted in decreased metastatic cancer incidence rates as well as decreased overall cancer mortality rates, and has averted over 1,000 deaths due to cancer per year. About 12% of the improvements in cancer...
Can a Navigation Program Lower Care Costs for Patients With Cancer?
A cancer navigation program can reduce overall costs when deployed in collaboration with a statewide Medicare Advantage health plan across a wide range of practice types, according to findings to be presented by Worland et al at the upcoming 2022 ASCO Quality Care Symposium (Abstract 4). A...
Total Cost of Cancer Care May Be Reduced With Lower-Cost Alternate Drugs Without Compromising Quality of Care
Substituting biosimilars, generics, and clinically appropriate lower-cost drugs for established, costlier drugs was shown to be an effective way to reduce the total cost of care, by 5% or so, while maintaining the quality of care for patients with cancer. Even small shifts toward lower-cost drugs...
Exploratory Analysis of POSEIDON: Chemoimmunotherapy Regimen May Offer Survival Benefit in Subgroups of Metastatic NSCLC
The addition of the CTLA-4 inhibitor tremelimumab to durvalumab and chemotherapy in the first-line setting has already demonstrated an overall survival and progression-free survival benefit vs chemotherapy alone in patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). According to data...
Geriatric Oncology and Hematology in Singapore
Globally, the population is aging, with the number of people aged 60 and older projected to double from 1 billion worldwide in 2020 to 2.1 billion by 2050. Given the aging population, coupled with the risk of cancer increasing with age, an exponential rise in cases of older adults diagnosed with...
September 24 Is World Cancer Research Day
September 24 is World Cancer Research Day, an initiative organized by a collaboration of professional societies, research organizations, and other institutions. In advance of the event, the following declaration was published in order to outline the goals of the initiative: Cancer is projected to...
Conditioning With Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide vs Total-Body Irradiation/Cyclophosphamide for B-Cell ALL
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zhang et al found that conditioning with busulfan plus cyclophosphamide (BuCy) was noninferior to total-body irradiation plus cyclophosphamide (TBI-Cy) in 2-year overall survival among adult patients with standard-risk...
Study Shows Many Patients Prefer Stool Test to Colonoscopy for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Three-quarters of surveyed people preferred to do a fecal immunochemical test (FIT) rather than undergo a colonoscopy for their regular colorectal cancer screening, according to a new Cedars-Sinai study published by Makaroff et al in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. “One of the big issues...
Study Finds Cancer Mortality Rates Correlate With Geography as Well as Known Behavioral Risk Factors
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have found that risk factors historically linked to cancer mortality vary regionally across the lower 48 United States—such that they believe those differences should be considered in developing tailored public-health interventions. Dong et al...
Individuals of Mexican Descent May Have Higher Risk of Liver Cancer With Each Successive Generation
Studies show that Hispanic individuals have higher incidence rates of developing liver cancer and higher mortality rates—by 50% or more—than non-Hispanic White individuals for several cancers, including liver cancer. A new study investigating hepatocellular carcinoma among successive generations of ...
Antibody Response to Three-Dose COVID-19 mRNA-1273 Vaccination Schedule in Immunocompromised Patients With Hematologic Cancers
In a Dutch prospective observational cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Haggenburg et al found that a third dose of the COVID-19 mRNA-1273 vaccine increased antibody levels in immunocompromised patients with hematologic cancers overall to levels comparable to those observed in healthy controls ...
New Study Shows Sugar-Sweetened Drinks May Increase Risk of Cancer Mortality
In a large study led by researchers at the American Cancer Society (ACS), men and women who drank two or more servings of sugar-sweetened beverages per day had a 5% increased risk of death from an obesity-related cancer, including gastrointestinal, postmenopausal breast, endometrial, and kidney...
National Lung Screening Trial Results Highlight Importance of Lifelong Follow-up
Approximately 6% of patients with stage I to III lung cancer develop a second primary lung cancer within 5 years of their initial diagnosis, according to research presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer.1 Analysis of data...
New Research From Cohort K of the EV-103 Trial of Enfortumab Vedotin for Patients With Urothelial Cancer
Researchers from Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) Cancer Center shared data on a treatment option for patients with bladder cancer at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2022 (Abstract LBA73). Jonathan E. Rosenberg, MD, medical oncologist and Chief of the Genitourinary Oncology...
