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In a Chinese phase II study (NEOCAP) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yu et al found that neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus apatinib produced promising complete response rates in patients with locally advanced microsatellite instability–high or mismatch repair–deficient colorectal cancer. Study ...
Eliminating racial disparities in colorectal cancer testing may reduce the rate of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality among Black patients in the United States, according to a recent study published by Alagoz et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Background Although both the ...
Researchers have introduced the first screening and treatment recommendations to prevent anal cancer in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), according to new guidelines based on the results of a 2022 study published by Palefsky et al in The New England Journal of Medicine....
In a Chinese phase II trial (TORCH) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Xia et al found that integration of the PD-1 inhibitor toripalimab into total neoadjuvant therapy was associated with good outcomes in patients with mismatch repair–proficient or microsatellite-stable (pMMR/MSS)...
Some patients with a genetic predisposition for cancer may not qualify for genetic screenings under the current guidelines, according to a recent study published by Samadder et al in JCO Precision Oncology. Researchers are investigating how to advance personalized medicine and tailor prevention and ...
In selected patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases, liver transplantation plus chemotherapy significantly boosted overall survival as compared with chemotherapy alone in the multicenter, European TRANSMET trial, presented at the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting.1 The combined approach led...
A novel personalized cellular immunotherapy approach may be effective at treating certain patients with metastatic solid tumors, according to early findings from a recent study published by Parkhurst et al in Nature Medicine. Background Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has already...
Investigators have assessed whether RNAs can be used as a biomarker to predict which patients with stage II colorectal cancer may benefit from postsurgical chemotherapy, according to a recent study published by Korsgaard et al in The American Journal of Pathology. Background Colorectal cancer is...
Investigators have uncovered the potential benefit of undergoing alcohol rehabilitation and maintaining abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence at risk of developing alcohol-associated cancers, according to a recent study published by Schwarzinger et al in The Lancet Public Health. The...
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Yu et al, based on results from the ongoing phase II NEOCAP trial, neoadjuvant therapy with the PD-1 inhibitor camrelizumab plus the angiogenesis inhibitor apatinib appears to demonstrate “promising” antitumor activity and a manageable toxicity profile in...
In an analysis from the CALGB/SWOG 80702 (Alliance) trial published by Nowak et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, researchers found that the addition of the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib to standard adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved disease-free survival and...
On June 21, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to the KRAS G12C inhibitor adagrasib (Krazati) plus cetuximab for adults with KRAS G12C–mutated locally advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer, as determined by an FDA-approved test, who have received prior...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Antoniotti et al, 4-year follow-up of the Italian phase II ATEZOTRIBE trial showed a numeric benefit in overall survival with the addition of atezolizumab to first-line FOLFOXIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan) and...
Researchers have found that administering the anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib after surgery may improve disease-free survival in a subset of patients with PIK3CA-mutated stage III colorectal cancer, according to a study published by Nowak et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The findings...
Investigators uncovered crucial insights into the cancer screening behaviors of a population of Muslim individuals residing in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area that could help illuminate the influence of cultural and religious beliefs on health practices, according to a recent study published...
A combination of alpha- and beta-radionuclide therapy may be feasible, tolerable, and effective in colorectal cancer, according to preclinical findings presented by Rinne et al at the 2024 Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) Annual Meeting (Abstract 241498). The new approach...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Akihito Kawazoe, MD, and colleagues, the final analysis of the phase III LEAP-017 trial showed no significant overall survival benefit with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab vs the standard of care in previously treated patients with mismatch...
Despite urgings from my primary care physician to get a colonoscopy screening after I turned 50, I resisted. As a health-care provider, and someone who is tuned into changes in my body, I thought I would instinctively know if I had a serious illness. I was wrong. Even after finally relenting to at...
Andrea Cercek, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, discusses expanded data on the durability of complete response to dostarlimab-gxly, a PD-1 single-agent therapy administered to patients with locally advanced mismatch repair–deficient rectal cancer. The drug yielded recurrence-free responses, lasting longer than a year, without the need for chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery (LBA3512).
Researchers examined whether the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab given neoadjuvantly may improve outcomes in certain patients with stage II or III mismatch repair–deficient/microsatellite instability–high colorectal cancer. Interim findings from the phase II NEOPRISM-CRC clinical trial were presented...
Jeanne Tie, MD, MBChB, of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, discusses data on survival and updated 5-year results from the DYNAMIC trial, which supports a role for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis, including serial sampling, in the management of patients with stage II colon cancer (Abstract 108).
The antibody-drug conjugate M9140 exhibited activity in pretreated patients with advanced colorectal cancer, according to preliminary data from a phase I study presented by Kopetz et al at the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting (Abstract 3000). Background M9140 is one of the first antibody-drug conjugates...
A novel combination comprising experimental immunotherapy drugs plus chemotherapy may improve survival outcomes in previously treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer compared to the targeted therapy regorafenib alone. These findings will be presented by Wainberg et al at the 2024 ASCO...
In a Swedish cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Liang et al found that among individuals with no family history of colorectal cancer and a negative first screening colonoscopy, the interval to repeat colonoscopy could be extended beyond the currently recommended 10 years. Study Details The...
A novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based virtual patient navigator, MyEleanor, improved colonoscopy uptake among U.S. patients who were previously nonadherent to prior colonoscopy appointments. These findings will be presented by Moadel et al at the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting (Abstract 100)....
Adjuvant therapy may be underutilized in patients with clinical T2N0 rectal adenocarcinoma, according to new findings presented by Kripalani et al at Digestive Disease Week (DDW) 2024 (Abstract 439). Background Patients with clinical T2N0 rectal adenocarcinoma have disease that has spread past the...
On May 15, Roche announced the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of its human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection solution—one of the first of such tests available in the United States. Screening for HPV can help identify women who are at risk of developing cervical cancer so that...
Appendectomy may be associated with a reduced risk of a colorectal cancer subtype positive for the tumor-promoting Fusobacterium nucleatum bacteria, according to a recent study published by Kawamura et al in the Annals of Surgery. Background Despite being historically dismissed as an unnecessary...
The incidence of colorectal cancer has risen significantly among younger U.S. patients over the past 2 decades, according to new findings presented by Mohamed et al at Digestive Disease Week (DDW) 2024 (Abstract Mo1149) and simultaneously published in Gastroenterology. Background “Colorectal cancer ...
In two studies reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, investigators found that a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood-based test (ECLIPSE study)1 and a next-generation multitarget stool DNA test (BLUE-C study)2 both showed high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced...
In a phase III study (ORANGE II PLUS) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fichtinger et al found that among patients with indications for hemihepatectomy suitable for both laparoscopic and open approaches, of whom the majority had cancer, the laparoscopic approach was associated with a...
The rates of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screenings in Federally Qualified Health Centers may be substantially lower compared with overall screening rates in the United States, according to a recent study published by Amboree et al in JAMA Internal Medicine. Background The U.S....
Although KRAS was once considered an untargetable mutation, KRAS inhibitors are now approved for the treatment of KRAS-mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are emerging as a potential option for the treatment of KRAS G12C–mutated colorectal cancer in combination with other therapies....
Researchers may have uncovered how the long-term daily use of aspirin may help prevent the development and progression of colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by De Simoni et al in Cancer. Study Methods and Results In the recent study, the researchers collected the tissue...
Deeper sedation with the anesthetic drug propofol may improve detection of serrated polyps in patients undergoing colonoscopy to screen for colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by Quaye et al in Anesthesiology. Background Nearly all colorectal cancers start as polyps....
Investigators have found a higher rate of mortality among patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities diagnosed with breast cancer, colorectal cancer, or lung cancer, according to a recent study published by Hansford et al in the Canadian Journal of Public Health. Study Methods and...
In a pooled analysis of data from clinical trials in the ACCENT/IDEA databases reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Claire Gallois, MD, and colleagues found that patients aged ≥ 70 years receiving oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer had a similar time to...
The combination of the KRAS G12C inhibitor adagrasib and the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab showed clinical activity and promising survival outcomes in a cohort of patients with metastatic, heavily pretreated, KRAS G12C–mutated colorectal cancer, according to results from the phase I/II KRYSTAL-1...
Researchers have identified microbiota signatures that are associated with KRAS mutations in patients with colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by Huang et al in Microbiology Spectrum. The findings suggest that gut microbes may serve as a noninvasive biomarker for subtypes of...
In a French noncomparative phase II study (SCARCE C17-02 PRODIGE 60) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Stefano Kim, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of atezolizumab to modified docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (mDCF) did not meet the 12-month progression-free survival primary...
Hospitals accredited by the American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer (NAPRC) may demonstrate lower mortality and complication rates in patients undergoing proctectomy compared with nonaccredited hospitals, according to a recent study published by Harbaugh...
In an analysis of two trials (SCOT and IDEA-HORG) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Domingo et al identified the predictive value of Immunoscore for disease-free survival in patients with stage III colorectal cancer treated with adjuvant mFOLFOX6 (modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, and...
The composition of the gut microbiome may reveal distinct signatures associated with race, ethnicity, and age of onset in patients with colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by Hein et al in the Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology. The findings provide insights into...
Researchers have found that a specific subtype of Fusobacterium nucleatum may be capable of growing within colorectal cancer, driving cancer progression, and leading to poorer outcomes following colorectal cancer treatment, according to a recent study published by Zepeda-Rivera et al in Nature. The ...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Battaglin et al, an analysis from the phase III CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial of first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab or cetuximab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer showed differences in outcomes according to HER2 gene–expression status....
In the BLUE-C study—reported in The New England Journal of Medicine—Imperiale et al found that a next-generation multitarget stool DNA test showed high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced neoplasia compared with colonoscopy screening. Study Details The U.S....
In the ECLIPSE study—reported in The New England Journal of Medicine—Chung et al found that a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood-based test had high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced neoplasia in colorectal cancer screening compared with colonoscopy. Study Details The...
Researchers have identified two genetic markers that may illuminate the association between red and/or processed meat consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer, according to a novel study published by Stern et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. Background Previous studies...
In a study among U.S. veterans reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shah et al found that Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and cancer-related death; additionally, treated H pylori infection was associated with reduced cancer incidence ...
On November 8, 2023, fruquintinib (Fruzaqla) was approved for adults with metastatic colorectal cancer who received prior fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based chemotherapy; an anti-VEGF therapy; and—if RAS wild-type and medically appropriate—an anti-EGFR therapy.1 Supporting...