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Although KRAS was once considered an untargetable mutation, KRAS inhibitors are now approved for the treatment of KRAS-mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are emerging as a potential option for the treatment of KRAS G12C–mutated colorectal cancer in combination with other therapies....
Researchers may have uncovered how the long-term daily use of aspirin may help prevent the development and progression of colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by De Simoni et al in Cancer. Study Methods and Results In the recent study, the researchers collected the tissue...
Deeper sedation with the anesthetic drug propofol may improve detection of serrated polyps in patients undergoing colonoscopy to screen for colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by Quaye et al in Anesthesiology. Background Nearly all colorectal cancers start as polyps....
Investigators have found a higher rate of mortality among patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities diagnosed with breast cancer, colorectal cancer, or lung cancer, according to a recent study published by Hansford et al in the Canadian Journal of Public Health. Study Methods and...
In a pooled analysis of data from clinical trials in the ACCENT/IDEA databases reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Claire Gallois, MD, and colleagues found that patients aged ≥ 70 years receiving oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer had a similar time to...
The combination of the KRAS G12C inhibitor adagrasib and the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab showed clinical activity and promising survival outcomes in a cohort of patients with metastatic, heavily pretreated, KRAS G12C–mutated colorectal cancer, according to results from the phase I/II KRYSTAL-1...
Researchers have identified microbiota signatures that are associated with KRAS mutations in patients with colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by Huang et al in Microbiology Spectrum. The findings suggest that gut microbes may serve as a noninvasive biomarker for subtypes of...
In a French noncomparative phase II study (SCARCE C17-02 PRODIGE 60) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Stefano Kim, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of atezolizumab to modified docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (mDCF) did not meet the 12-month progression-free survival primary...
Hospitals accredited by the American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer (NAPRC) may demonstrate lower mortality and complication rates in patients undergoing proctectomy compared with nonaccredited hospitals, according to a recent study published by Harbaugh...
In an analysis of two trials (SCOT and IDEA-HORG) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Domingo et al identified the predictive value of Immunoscore for disease-free survival in patients with stage III colorectal cancer treated with adjuvant mFOLFOX6 (modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, and...
The composition of the gut microbiome may reveal distinct signatures associated with race, ethnicity, and age of onset in patients with colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by Hein et al in the Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology. The findings provide insights into...
Researchers have found that a specific subtype of Fusobacterium nucleatum may be capable of growing within colorectal cancer, driving cancer progression, and leading to poorer outcomes following colorectal cancer treatment, according to a recent study published by Zepeda-Rivera et al in Nature. The ...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Battaglin et al, an analysis from the phase III CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial of first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab or cetuximab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer showed differences in outcomes according to HER2 gene–expression status....
In the BLUE-C study—reported in The New England Journal of Medicine—Imperiale et al found that a next-generation multitarget stool DNA test showed high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced neoplasia compared with colonoscopy screening. Study Details The U.S....
In the ECLIPSE study—reported in The New England Journal of Medicine—Chung et al found that a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood-based test had high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced neoplasia in colorectal cancer screening compared with colonoscopy. Study Details The...
Researchers have identified two genetic markers that may illuminate the association between red and/or processed meat consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer, according to a novel study published by Stern et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. Background Previous studies...
In a study among U.S. veterans reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shah et al found that Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and cancer-related death; additionally, treated H pylori infection was associated with reduced cancer incidence ...
On November 8, 2023, fruquintinib (Fruzaqla) was approved for adults with metastatic colorectal cancer who received prior fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based chemotherapy; an anti-VEGF therapy; and—if RAS wild-type and medically appropriate—an anti-EGFR therapy.1 Supporting...
he latest findings for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in colorectal cancer were discussed at the 2024 ASCO Gastrointestinal (GI) Cancers Symposium by Aparna R. Parikh, MD, a gastrointestinal oncologist at Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Assistant Professor of Medicine at Harvard...
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has become an established biomarker of measurable or molecular residual disease (MRD) after curative-intent surgery in patients with colorectal cancer. The research focus is now on linking ctDNA to long-term outcomes and using it to guide treatment decisions—which was...
For perspective on CheckMate 8HW, The ASCO Post interviewed Alan P. Venook, MD, FASCO, the Madden Family Distinguished Professor of Medical Oncology and Translational Research at the University of California San Francisco and the Shorenstein Associate Director for Program Development at the Helen...
In the phase III CheckMate 8HW trial, previously untreated patients with microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) nonresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer derived significant benefit from an immunotherapy doublet, with nivolumab plus ipilimumab reducing the...
In a pooled analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rahbari et al found that primary tumor resection before chemotherapy did not extend survival compared with upfront chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer and unresectable metastases. Study Details The study involved data from...
The established dual HER2 blockade of pertuzumab and trastuzumab may be an effective treatment for patients with several types of HER2-amplified cancers, according to a study published by Connolly et al in Clinical Cancer Research. Background HER2 receptors control how cells grow and divide. The...
Non-Hispanic Black patients with locally advanced rectal cancer may experience poorer treatment outcomes independent of the sociodemographic, clinical, and pathologic factors that often influence racial and ethnic disparities in this patient population, according to a recent study published by...
Investigators have found that U.S. individuals with a history of incarceration may have worse access to and receipt of breast cancer and colorectal cancer screenings compared with those without a history of incarceration, according to a recent study published by Zhao et al in JAMA Health Forum....
In a Dutch study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wisse et al found that a multitarget fecal immunochemical test (mtFIT) improved detection of advanced adenomas vs standard FIT in colorectal cancer screening. The mtFIT used in the study measures hemoglobin, calprotectin, and serpin family F member...
Investigators may have identified colorectal cancer screening programs in Latin America, according to a recent systematic review and meta-analysis published by Montalvan-Sanchez et al in JAMA Network Open. Background Colorectal cancer—the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality...
In an analysis reported by Frei et al in The Lancet Oncology, multiplex immunofluorescence staining of tissue microarrays of samples from patients with stage II to III colorectal cancer showed that densities of CD8-positive and Foxp3-positive cells were associated with recurrence-free interval. As...
The novel COLOXIS machine learning model may accurately predict which patients with colon cancer are most likely to derive benefit from oxaliplatin, according to a recent study published by Chen et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The findings could ultimately allow physicians to better...
Investigators discovered that overweight and obesity may be contributing to rising rates of colon cancer mortality in younger patients, according to a recent study published by Santucci et al in the Annals of Oncology. The findings represent the first time colon cancer mortality rates among younger ...
Dominik P. Modest, MD, of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, discusses phase III study findings showing sotorasib plus panitumumab vs trifluridine/tipiracil or regorafenib benefits patients with chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer in terms of improved clinical outcomes and better self-reported quality of life (Abstract 10).
Jennifer Yon-Li Wo, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital, discusses the local failure rate of non-ablative hypofractionated radiation therapy in combination with the immune checkpoint inhibitors ipilimumab and nivolumab compared to ablative SBRT to treat metastatic microsatellite-stable colorectal and pancreatic cancers as a secondary analysis of four prospective trials. Dr. Wo and her team found that, despite using nearly half the radiation dose in those who received immunotherapy, there was no significant difference in local failure rates (Abstract 752).
Van K. Morris, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses phase II results on using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a predictive biomarker of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II colon cancer. During the trial, no improvement in ctDNA clearance was observed after 6 months of chemotherapy following resection of disease. Dr. Morris notes that future trials should account for evolving assay performance in patients with colorectal cancer (Abstract 5).
Investigators have found that only a minority of patients with Lynch syndrome may be receiving aspirin as chemopreventive therapy, according to new findings presented by Singhal et al at the 2024 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium (Abstract 19). Background “[Patients] with Lynch syndrome are...
In the phase III CheckMate 8HW trial, previously untreated patients with microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer derived significant benefit from an immunotherapy doublet of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in the first-line setting, which...
Following surgery to remove a colorectal tumor, patients may have molecular measurable residual disease (MRD). Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), or liquid biopsy, may be used to detect molecular MRD in patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer and to determine whether they may benefit from...
The role of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), or liquid biopsy, as a predictive tool to guide and monitor cancer treatment remains unclear, after the first prospective randomized phase II trial evaluating clearance of ctDNA in patients with stage II colon cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy did not ...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Pinto et al, the Italian phase III ERMES trial showed that the addition of cetuximab maintenance to eight cycles of first-line FOLFIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan) plus cetuximab did not achieve noninferiority in terms of...
Investigators may have uncovered molecular evidence of racial disparities in the receipt of precision medicine, according to a recent study published by Yamada et al in npj Precision Oncology. Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer type diagnosed in both male and female...
In the European CAMINO study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Görgec et al identified the likelihood of change in treatment plans with the addition of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients scheduled for local therapy for colorectal liver metastases on the basis of...
A novel vaccine may be effective at preventing relapse in patients with KRAS-mutated pancreatic and colorectal cancers, according to a recent study published by Pant et al in Nature Medicine. Background KRAS-mutated cancers make up about 25% of all solid tumors, including 90% of pancreatic cancer...
In a Dutch nationwide cross-sectional cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Hazen et al found that a reduced use of neoadjuvant radiotherapy as part of chemoradiotherapy was not associated with poorer outcomes in patients with non–locally advanced rectal cancer. As stated by the investigators,...
Robotic surgery may offer significant benefits over laparoscopic procedures in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing colectomies, according to a recent study published by Farah et al in the World Journal of Surgical Oncology. These findings suggest that a majority of patients receiving robotic ...
Next-generation sequencing may help better identify patients with cancer and mismatch repair deficiency who may benefit from immunotherapy, according to a recent study published by Farhat et al in Cancer Cell. The new findings indicated that treating more patients with immunotherapy may require...
Excluding skin cancers, colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the United States, and the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2023, it is estimated that about 52,550 individuals died from the...
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Innocenti et al, analysis of DNA mutational profiling in the phase III CALGB (Alliance)/SWOG 80405 trial of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with bevacizumab or cetuximab with chemotherapy showed differences in outcome associated...
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists may be effective at reducing the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with a higher body mass index (BMI) and diabetes, according to a recent study published by Wang et al in JAMA Oncology. Background Obesity is a chronic health condition that...
Researchers have uncovered that the regular consumption of navy beans may help modulate markers linked to obesity and disease and improve the gut microbiome in colorectal cancer survivors, according to a novel study published by Zhang et al in eBioMedicine. Background Obesity, poor diet, and...
In a nationwide Danish cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Nors et al found the 5-year risk of recurrence after surgery for stage I to III colorectal cancer decreased over time and the time to recurrence was shorter with a more advanced disease stage. Study Details The study used the Danish...