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breast cancer

Structural Racism and Health-Care System Barriers May Contribute to Breast Biopsy Delays

Black and Asian women are more likely than White women to experience significant delays in getting breast biopsies after a mammogram identifies an abnormality. Moreover, those delays appear to be influenced by screening site–specific factors that may stem from structural racism, according to...

Expert Point of View: Joseph Mikhael, MD, MEd

Invited discussant of the ­DETERMINATION trial, Joseph Mikhael, MD, MEd, Professor of Applied Cancer Research and Drug Discovery at the Translational Genomics Research Institute, City of Hope Cancer Center, described the many implications of the important findings for DETERMINATION and offered some ...

leukemia
survivorship

Long-Term Morbidity in AML Survivors Treated With Blood or Bone Marrow Transplantation

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Saro H. Armenian, DO, MPH, and colleagues, findings from the BMT Survivor Study (BMTSS) indicated that survivors of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) are at a markedly increased risk of...

hematologic malignancies

Early Transplant With Triplet Therapy May Delay Progression of Myeloma, but Individualized Approach Recommended

In the phase III DETERMINATION trial, progression-free survival was significantly improved with triplet induction therapy and early transplantation in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, but overall survival at 5 years was similar to the nontransplant approach.1 The findings were...

health-care policy

Biden Administration Announces New Model to Improve Cancer Care for Medicare Patients

On June 27, the Biden Administration, through the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), announced a new model aimed at improving cancer care for Medicare patients and lowering health-care costs. CMS’ Center for Medicare and...

ASCO 2022: Data on Ewing Sarcoma and Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

On this episode, we’re reviewing two studies, including one plenary presentation, presented at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting.

issues in oncology

Raising the Bar: Rethinking the Accelerated Drug Approval Process

Our growing knowledge of the molecular and genomic drivers of cancer has translated into a robust pipeline of promising anticancer agents. However, bringing new drugs from the lab to the patient with cancer can be frustratingly slow. To that end, the accelerated approval system was created by the...

breast cancer

Chemicals in Personal Care Products May Increase Breast Cancer Risk in Black Women

The group of compounds called parabens, which are found in widely used hair and personal care products, may increase breast cancer risk in Black women—more so than in White women—according to a study presented at ENDO 2022, the Endocrine Society’s Annual Meeting. One in eight women in the United...

breast cancer

Study Links Diabetes and Worse Outcomes in Long-Term Survivors of Metastatic Breast Cancer

Women who are longer-term survivors of metastatic breast cancer may have a worse survival rate if they have diabetes and poorly controlled blood sugar levels, according to a new study presented at ENDO 2022, the Endocrine Society’s Annual Meeting. This is the first study to specifically examine the ...

thyroid cancer

AI May Be Used to Identify Benign Thyroid Nodules and Reduce Unnecessary Biopsies

Artificial intelligence (AI) may be used to identify thyroid nodules seen on thyroid ultrasound that are very unlikely to be cancerous, reducing a large number of unnecessary biopsies, according to a study presented at ENDO 2022, the Endocrine Society’s Annual Meeting. Thyroid nodules are very...

multiple myeloma

Circulating Tumor Cells in the Staging of Newly Diagnosed Patients With Transplant-Eligible Multiple Myeloma

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Garcés et al found that increasing levels of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) at diagnosis were associated with poorer outcomes in newly diagnosed patients with transplant-eligible multiple myeloma, and that inclusion of CTCs in a risk model...

lung cancer
immunotherapy

Immunotherapy Has Given Me Back My Life

Hearing the words “You have cancer” is a devastating blow, especially when the biggest health issues you’ve had to contend with over more than 6 decades are common colds and knee and hip replacements. But in 2017, the symptoms I thought were from a lingering summer cold drove me to seek medical...

gastroesophageal cancer

Nivolumab in Combination With Chemotherapy and in Combination With Ipilimumab in Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

On May 27, 2022, nivolumab was approved for use in combination with fluoropyrimidine- and platinum-based chemotherapy and in combination with ipilimumab for the first-line treatment of advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on...

issues in oncology

History of Radiation Oncology in the United States

Radiation therapy has long been one of the three pillars of cancer therapy—surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy—only recently joined by what is widely considered a fourth pillar, immunotherapy. In part 1 of this two-part report, we trace the beginnings of radiation oncology in the United...

gynecologic cancers

ARIEL4 Confirms Rucaparib’s Efficacy in Recurrent, BRCA-Mutated Ovarian Cancer: Does It Tell Us Anything New?

In March 2022, Kristeleit et al reported the results of the ARIEL4 trial1 of rucaparib in relapsed BRCA-mutant ovarian cancer in The Lancet Oncology (summarized in this issue of The ASCO Post) and are to be congratulated on this accomplishment. This report, along with the almost simultaneous...

gynecologic cancers

ARIEL4 Trial: Rucaparib Improves Progression-Free Survival vs Chemotherapy in Relapsed Ovarian Cancer With BRCA1/2 Mutations

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Rebecca Kristeleit, MD, of Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, and colleagues, the phase III ARIEL4 trial has shown a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival with rucaparib vs chemotherapy in relapsed ovarian cancer with...

Ariela L. Marshall, MD, Advocates for Equity and Reproductive Health in the Hematology-Oncology Community

In this installment of Living a Full Life, Guest Editor Jame Abraham, MD, FACP, spoke with Ariela L. Marshall, MD, Director, Women’s Hemostasis and Thrombosis Program at Penn Medicine. Along with her clinical and research activities, Dr. Marshall is also an advocate for women’s health and equity in ...

solid tumors
genomics/genetics

Dabrafenib/Trametinib Combination Receives FDA Approval for BRAF V600E–Mutated Solid Tumors

On June 23, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval for dabrafenib (Tafinlar) plus trametinib (Mekinist) for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients aged 6 years and older with unresectable or metastatic solid tumors with a BRAF V600E mutation whose disease...

issues in oncology

FDA Denies Authorization to Market JUUL Products

On June 23, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued marketing denial orders (MDOs) to JUUL Labs Inc for all of their products currently marketed in the United States. As a result, the company must stop selling and distributing these products. In addition, those currently on the U.S....

global cancer care
cardio-oncology

Cancer and War in Ukraine: How the World Can Help Win This Battle

In Ukraine, with a population of about 44 million, there are more than 1.3 million patients with cancer. Approximately 160,000 new cases of cancer are diagnosed each year.1 In almost every region, there are local cancer centers; specialized oncologic centers are located in large cities. In Kyiv,...

global cancer care

Study Predicts Cancer Cases and Deaths in Africa Could Double by 2040

Cancer cases and deaths are expected to double in Africa over the next 2 decades, according to findings from a study published by Sharma et al in Frontiers in Medicine. The study also revealed that the region lacks sufficient health-care resources and infrastructure to handle this growing cancer...

kidney cancer
immunotherapy

Nivolumab/Cabozantinib vs Sunitinib in First-Line Treatment for Advanced RCC: Overall Survival Analysis of CheckMate 9ER Trial

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Robert J. Motzer, MD, and colleagues, the protocol-defined final overall survival analysis of the phase III CheckMate 9ER trial showed a significant benefit with nivolumab/cabozantinib vs sunitinib in previously untreated patients with advanced renal cell...

leukemia

Venetoclax Plus Cladribine and Low-Dose Cytarabine Alternating With Azacitidine and Venetoclax in Newly Diagnosed Older or Unfit Patients With AML

In a single-institution phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tapan M. Kadia, MD, and colleagues found that venetoclax and a lower-intensity backbone of cladribine and low-dose cytarabine alternating with azacitidine and venetoclax resulted in a high response rate in older...

pancreatic cancer

Outcomes of Pancreas Surveillance in the CAPS5 Study and Total CAPS Cohort

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Dbouk et al, in the multicenter Cancer of Pancreas Screening-5 (CAPS5) study and in the total CAPS cohort (CAPS1–5 studies), cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma among enrolled high-risk individuals that were screen-detected during...

legislation
issues in oncology

Invest in the Unexpected: Basic Research Enterprise Needs Adequate Funding to Foster Treatment Innovation

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) now stands as the largest single public funder of biomedical research in the world.1 The FY2022 Consolidated Appropriations Act (H.R. 2471), signed into law in March, increases biomedical research funding by nearly 5%, and it provides a total of $45 billion...

Interventions Needed to Improve Data Collection on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Oncology Practice, Survey Finds

Recently, a new ASCO study,1 published in JCO Oncology Practice, found that among respondents participating in the survey, most oncology practices do not systematically collect data related to sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI). The study points to the need to increase understanding...

survivorship

ASCO Relaunches Survivorship Compendium With New Features and Resources

ASCO has made new resources available through its refreshed Survivorship Compendium—an online library of practice tools designed and curated to help oncologists develop high-quality, equitable cancer survivorship care programs and improve existing programs for patients who have completed their...

ASCO’s CancerLinQ and Count Me In Collaborate to Empower Patient Participation in Clinical Cancer Research

ASCO’s CancerLinQ® and Count Me In recently announced a new collaboration that aims to allow cancer researchers to learn from every patient with cancer, by actively engaging patients as part of the clinical research enterprise. CancerLinQ—a real-world oncology data technology platform developed by...

issues in oncology

Cancer Death Rates Among Black People Declined Over Time but Remain Higher Than Other Racial and Ethnic Groups

From 1999 to 2019, rates of cancer deaths declined steadily among Black people in the United States. Nevertheless, in 2019, Black people still had considerably higher rates of cancer death than people in other racial and ethnic groups, a large epidemiologic study has found. The study was led by...

covid-19
colorectal cancer
survivorship
genomics/genetics

American Cancer Society Investigators Present Studies on COVID-19 Pandemic, Racial/Ethnic Disparities, and Coverage for Genomic Testing

Investigators at the American Cancer Society presented results of several studies during poster sessions at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting. Summaries of a few of these studies are provided here. COVID-19 and Cancer Mortality According to a new study led by researchers at the American Cancer Society,...

pancreatic cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Thomas Seufferlein, MD

Thomas Seufferlein, MD, Professor of Medicine at Ulm University Hospital in Germany, found the data from the NOTABLE trial1 encouraging and “clinically interesting.” However, he suggested the study’s design did not allow the EGFR inhibitor to be optimally tested. The NOTABLE trial is based on a...

pancreatic cancer
genomics/genetics
immunotherapy

NOTABLE Trial: Survival in Pancreatic KRAS Wild-Type Cancer Improved With Addition of Nimotuzumab to Gemcitabine

In patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer and KRAS wild-type tumors, novel treatment with the monoclonal antibody nimotuzumab, which targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR),  plus gemcitabine significantly improved overall survival and other outcomes over...

breast cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Debu Tripathy, MD

Debu Tripathy, MD, Professor and Chair of Breast Medical Oncology at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, shared his thoughts on TROPiCS-02 with The ASCO Post. He said the study is important because it addresses the needs of “a population with limited options, whose...

breast cancer
immunotherapy

TROPiCS-02 Sacituzumab Govitecan Effective in Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer

For advanced breast cancer that is hormone receptor–positive and HER2-negative, sacituzumab govitecan-hziy significantly reduced the risk of disease progression by 34% over physician’s choice of treatment, based on the results of the phase III TROPiCS-02 trial.1 The heavily pretreated patients in...

colorectal cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Kimmie Ng, MD, MPH

The study’s invited discussant was Kimmie Ng, MD, MPH, Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and Co-Director of the Colon and Rectal Cancer Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston. “Neoadjuvant dostarlimab-gxly for 6 months represents a promising new treatment for...

colorectal cancer
immunotherapy

100% Complete Response Rate in 14 Patients With Rectal Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Dostarlimab-gxly

In a study of 18 patients with locally advanced mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) rectal cancer, 6 months of neoadjuvant treatment with the anti–PD-1 agent dostarlimab-gxly alone led to clinical complete responses in 100% of the study’s first 14 patients.1 These results were presented at the 2022...

breast cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Patricia LoRusso, DO, PhD

Invited discussant Patricia LoRusso, DO, PhD, of Yale School of Medicine, said to the assembled audience at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting: “I see you are as excited about these data as I am,” after the applause ended following Dr. Modi’s presentation. “I want to thank our colleagues for helping to...

breast cancer
immunotherapy

DESTINY-Breast04 Trial: T-DXd Significantly Improves Survival in Patients With HER2-Low Metastatic Breast Cancer

The antibody-drug conjugate fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) doubled progression-free survival compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with “HER2-low” metastatic breast cancer—ie, patients with low levels of HER2 expression. The agent also extended overall survival for patients with low ...

bladder cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Guru P. Sonpavde, MD

Guru P. Sonpavde, MD, Director of the Bladder Cancer Program at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and a faculty member of Harvard Medical School, Boston, said these follow-up data from CheckMate 274 provide reassurance that the disease-free survival benefit is maintained with adjuvant nivolumab. “We...

bladder cancer
immunotherapy

CheckMate 274: Adjuvant Immunotherapy Improves Disease-Free Survival in Metastatic Urothelial Cancer

Adjuvant nivolumab could become the standard of care for patients with metastatic bladder cancer, according to data presented at the American Urological Association (AUA) 2022 Annual Meeting.1 With longer follow-up, the results of the phase III CheckMate 274 trial showed that treatment with the...

breast cancer

Mismatch in Breast Cancer Trial Results and Real-World Outcomes Based on Treatment Discontinuation

New research published by Zeng et al in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network raises issues with clinical trial findings that show adjuvant hormone therapy–related hot flashes predict better treatment outcomes among patients with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. The...

hepatobiliary cancer

Study Links Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Liver Cancer Risk

A study of more than 90,000 postmenopausal women found that those who consumed at least one sugar-sweetened beverage daily faced a 78% higher risk of developing liver cancer compared with people who consumed less than three servings per month of such beverages. These findings were presented by Zhao ...

breast cancer

Study Examines How Diet Quality May Affect Breast Cancer Risk

Research shows that what we eat may influence our cancer risk, but it’s not always clear which foods or dietary patterns are best for cancer prevention. Results from a new study presented by Shah et al during Nutrition 2022 Live Online, the annual meeting of the American Society for Nutrition,...

gynecologic cancers
genomics/genetics

Factors That May Predict Response to the Addition of Bevacizumab to Front-Line Chemotherapy in Patients With Endometrial Cancer

In an analysis from an NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group phase II study (GOG-86P) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Thiel et al looked at outcomes in patients with advanced endometrial cancer treated with bevacizumab added to front-line chemotherapy. The investigators found that...

gynecologic cancers

Ovarian Cancer: First-Line Every-3-Week Carboplatin/Paclitaxel vs Weekly Dose-Dense Regimens

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Andrew R. Clamp, PhD, and colleagues, no significant differences in overall survival or updated progression-free survival were found with first-line treatment with weekly dose-dense regimens of carboplatin/paclitaxel vs every-3-week carboplatin/paclitaxel in...

lung cancer
immunotherapy

Gilberto de Lima Lopes, Jr, MD, MBA, and Oladimeji Akinboro, MD, MPH, on NSCLC: Outcomes of Anti–PD-(L)1 Therapy With or Without Chemotherapy in the First-Line Setting

Gilberto de Lima Lopes, Jr, MD, MBA, of Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami, and Oladimeji Akinboro, MD, MPH, of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), discuss a data analysis, which suggests that most subgroups of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer ...

breast cancer

New Perspective Shows Higher Breast Cancer Mortality for Black Women Emerged 40 Years Ago

A new perspective piece authored by researchers from the American Cancer Society and The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio shows the high burden of breast cancer mortality among Black women as compared to White women began in the United States in the 1980s. At that time,...

multiple myeloma
genomics/genetics

Study Identifies Three-Gene Signature That May Predict Response to Selinexor in Patients With Multiple Myeloma

Researchers have, for the first time, identified genes that may predict response to a therapy for a blood cancer that can have serious side effects for some patients. The therapy, selinexor, is part of the treatment armamentarium for multiple myeloma, but the ability to target its use to patients...

solid tumors

Does Receipt of Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Primary Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection Affect Outcomes for Patients With Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors?

In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tachibana et al found high recurrence-free survival rates among patients with pathologic stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors who underwent primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection and who did not receive adjuvant ...

colorectal cancer

Treatment of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions to Prevent Anal Cancer in Persons With HIV

In the phase III ANCHOR study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Palefsky et al found that treatment of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was successful in preventing anal cancer vs active monitoring in persons infected with HIV. Study Details In the multicenter trial, 4,446 ...

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