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Showing 15251 - 15300Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib Improves Overall Survival vs Dabrafenib in BRAF V600–Mutant Melanoma
Overall survival results of a phase III COMBI-d trial reported in The Lancet by Long et al showed that the combination of the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) with the MEK inhibitor trametinib (Mekinist) resulted in significantly prolonged overall survival vs dabrafenib alone in patients with...
Abdominal Blood Clots May Indicate Undiagnosed Cancer
New research published by Søgaard et al in Blood found that blood clots in the abdominal veins might be an indicator of undiagnosed cancer. The study also suggests that these clots predict poorer survival in patients with liver and pancreatic cancer. Clotting and Cancer Risk Compared to...
Chemotherapy May Be Preferred Option for Some With Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a small clinical trial, scientists at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute found that men with advanced prostate cancer and detection of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) respond to chemotherapy just as well as men who lack the variant. The...
Subset of Patients With Luminal A Breast Cancer May Not Benefit From Radiotherapy
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Liu et al found that a subset of patients with luminal A breast cancer may not need radiotherapy to prevent relapse. Study Details The study involved samples from 501 older patients with node-negative disease who were randomized to...
National Cancer Data Base Analysis Indicates Survival Benefit of Adding Radiotherapy to ADT in Clinically Node-Positive Prostate Cancer
In an analysis reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Lin et al found that the addition of radiotherapy to androgen-deprivation therapy was associated with a significant improvement in overall survival in patients with clinically node-positive prostate cancer. Study Details The ...
Prenatal DDT Exposure Tied to Nearly Fourfold Increase in Breast Cancer Risk
Women who were exposed to higher levels of the pesticide DDT in utero were nearly four times more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer as adults than women who were exposed to lower levels before birth, according to a study published by Cohn et al in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & ...
National Cancer Database Analysis Identifies Characteristics of 10-Year Survivors of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
In an analysis reported in JAMA Surgery, Paniccia et al identified patient and treatment characteristics that were associated with survival of at least 10 years after diagnosis of invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, including lower positive lymph node ratio, receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy, ...
Assay Permits Rapid Molecular Characterization of Glioma
As reported in JAMA Oncology, Shankar et al developed a rapid genotyping assay to detect single nucleotide variants in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) genes that may assist in intraoperative decisions to perform definitive neurosurgical...
Single Dose of HPV-16/18 Vaccine May Prevent Cervical Cancer
A single dose of the recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV) bivalent (types 16 and 18) vaccine (Cervarix) appears to be as effective in preventing certain HPV infections as three doses, the currently recommended course of vaccination, concluded a study published by Kreimer et al in The Lancet...
Specific Mutations in KRAS Codon 12 Associated With Poorer Overall Survival in Patients With Colorectal Liver Metastases
In a single-institution study reported in JAMA Surgery, Margonis et al found that particular KRAS codon 12 mutations were associated with significantly poorer overall survival among patients with colorectal liver metastases. Study Details This retrospective study included data from 331 patients...
ASCO 2015: IMGN853 Demonstrates Single-Agent Activity for Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
In a phase I trial, the investigational agent mirvetuximab soravtansine (IMGN853) was found to be active in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. ImmunoGen, Inc, announced the first clinical findings of this folate-receptor alpha (FRα)-targeting antibody-drug conjugate at the...
Study Supports Early Intervention for Prostate Cancer Patients Who Experience Significant Emotional Distress
A study led by the University at Buffalo (UB) and Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) has identified beliefs and personality traits associated with higher levels of distress in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer. The findings support the value of emotional and informational support for...
HPV Serum Antibodies May Predict Survival and Disease Progression in Patients With HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
A study by Dahlstrom et al investigating the usefulness of serum antibodies to human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 DNA antigens as predictors of survival for patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma has found that E1, NE2, and E6 antibody positivity were all strongly associated with improved overall and...
Study Finds ALK1 May Be a Therapeutic Target for Metastatic Breast Cancer
A study investigating the process involved in metastatic breast cancer has found that patients with high levels of the protein activin-like receptor kinase (ALK) 1 in the blood vessels of their tumors were more likely to develop metastatic disease than patients without endothelial expression of...
Colorectal Cancer Screening Increase May Reflect Affordable Care Act Provision
Screening for colorectal cancer increased in individuals with a lower socioeconomic status after 2008, perhaps reflecting the Affordable Care Act’s removal of financial barriers to screening, according to a new analysis. The study, by American Cancer Society investigators, was published by...
Study Shows Nearly 15 Million Women Live Prohibitively Far From Access to Gynecologic Cancer Care
More than one-third of counties in the United States are located more than 50 miles from the nearest gynecologic oncologist, making access to specialty care for ovarian and other gynecologic cancers difficult for nearly 15 million women. Although most of these “low-access” counties are...
ASCO 2015: Glioblastoma Poliovirus Therapy Works Best at a Low Dosage
A modified poliovirus therapy that is showing activity in patients with glioblastoma works best at a low dosage, according to the research team at Duke’s Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center. The dosage findings for the first 20 patients in the phase 1 trial were presented June 1 at the...
Investigators Identify Gene That Prevents Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer
Researchers have identified a gene in dendritic cells that disables an effective immune response against ovarian cancer tumors. In preclinical studies, the researchers found that silencing this gene, XBP1, in dendritic cells restores their function and enhances T-cell antitumor immunity. XBP1 is...
Livers Donated After Cardiac Death Are Safe to Use in Liver Cancer Patients
In the largest study of its kind, transplant physicians at Mayo Clinic in Florida have found that liver cancer patients have similar beneficial outcomes whether using organs donated by patients after cardiac death or brain death. The study was recently published by Croome et al in the American...
New Molecular Diagnostic Test Predicts Progression of Barrett's Esophagus to Esophageal Cancer
Interpace Diagnostics, a subsidiary of PDI, Inc, announced new data demonstrating the clinical value of BarreGen, a molecular diagnostic test that predicts the risk of progression from Barrett’s esophagus to esophageal cancer approximately 3 to 4 years before the cancer develops. These...
Study Examines Nerve Involvement in Cancer Pain
More than half of all cancer patients experience pain, most often associated with the malignancy type, body location, and disease progression. Pain researchers participating in a symposium at the American Pain Society Annual Scientific Meeting last month reported that the relationship between...
Latest RTOG 0537 Data Indicate Electrical Nerve Stimulation May Provide Relief for Radiation-Induced Dry Mouth
Phase III results of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0537 indicate that acupuncture-like, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (ALTENS) may be equally effective as the prescription medication pilocarpine, the current standard of care, to treat radiation-induced xerostomia (dry...
Risk Algorithm Using Serial CA-125 Measurements Increases the Number of Screen-Detected Ovarian Cancers
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Menon et al, findings in the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening indicate that the number of screen-detected ovarian cancers is doubled by using the risk of ovarian cancer algorithm (ROCA) with serial CA-125 measurements...
Men With Asthma Less Likely to Develop Lethal Prostate Cancer
A recent analysis of a large observational study has revealed that men with a history of asthma are less likely than those without it to develop lethal prostate cancer, researchers at Johns Hopkins reported. These findings were published by Platz et al in the International Journal of Cancer....
ASCO 2015: Study Supports IDH Gene as Prognostic Marker in Anaplastic Astrocytoma
New findings from a phase III clinical trial suggest the IDH1 gene may be a prognostic marker for anaplastic astrocytoma, a rare form of brain cancer. The results of this study were presented on June 2 at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago (Abstract 2002). Patients in this study who had a...
ASCO 2015: Biomarker Analysis Reveals Several Potential Treatment Targets in Subtype of Anal Cancer
Squamous cell anal carcinomas are rare, representing only about 2% of gastrointestinal cancer diagnoses. These cancers, which are associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV), sometimes prove very difficult to treat, recurring or developing metastases following standard treatment. Seeking to...
ASCO 2015: First Version of CancerLinQ™ Data Analytics Platform Debuts at Annual Meeting
ASCO’s wholly owned nonprofit subsidiary, CancerLinQ LLC, provided the first demonstration of its groundbreaking health information technology platform at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago. Beginning May 30, demonstrations of the CancerLinQ platform’s initial components were...
ASCO 2015: Entolimod May Be a Promising Treatment Option for Many Solid Tumors
A collaborative team of researchers led by Alex A. Adjei, MD, PhD, FACP, of Roswell Park Cancer Institute, shared results from the first clinical study of the anticancer effects of the novel agent entolimod on May 30 at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago (Abstract 3063). Their findings confirm ...
ASCO 2015: NCI-MATCH Trial Links Targeted Drugs to Genetic Abnormalities
Investigators for the nationwide trial NCI-MATCH: Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice announced at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago that the precision medicine trial will open to patient enrollment in July. The trial seeks to determine whether targeted therapies for people whose tumors...
Oncolytic Immunotherapy With Talimogene Laherparepvec Improves Durable Response Rate in Advanced Melanoma
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Andtbacka et al found that talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) treatment improved the durable response rate vs granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with unresectable stage IIIB to IV melanoma. T-VEC is...
ASCO 2015: ASCO Announces First-Ever Clinical Trial
ASCO announced its first-ever clinical trial, which will offer patients with advanced cancer access to molecularly targeted cancer drugs and collect “real-world” data on clinical outcomes, to help learn the best uses of these drugs outside of indications approved by the U.S. Food and...
ASCO 2015: Complete Lymph Node Dissection Does Not Improve Survival in Patients With Melanoma and Micrometastases
For patients with melanoma and micrometastases, as shown by positive sentinel lymph node biopsy, complete lymph node dissection did not improve survival, according to results of a randomized study presented at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting (Abstract LBA9002). “This is the first study which...
ASCO 2015: Tumor Sequencing Study Highlights Benefits of Profiling Healthy Tissue
As the practice of genetically profiling patient tumors for clinical treatment decision-making becomes more commonplace, a recent study from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center suggests that profiling normal DNA also provides an important opportunity to identify inherited mutations...
ASCO 2015: Discussing Child’s Cancer Prognosis Beneficial for Parents
New findings by researchers at Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center show that informing parents about their child’s cancer prognosis—even when the prognosis is less than favorable—is much more likely to give parents peace of mind and hope, rather...
ASCO 2015: Second-Line Afatinib Improves Overall Survival vs Erlotinib in Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
In a phase III head-to-head trial comparing the safety and efficacy of two EGFR-directed treatments, afatinib (Gilotrif) treatment resulted in a significant improvement in overall survival over erlotinib (Tarceva) in patients with previously treated advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung....
ASCO 2015: Phase III Study Finds Nivolumab Improves Progression-Free Survival, Especially When Combined With Ipilimumab, in Advanced Melanoma
A randomized phase III trial among patients with previously untreated melanoma found that initial therapy with nivolumab (Opdivo) alone more than doubled the median progression-free survival compared with ipilimumab (Yervoy) alone (6.9 vs 2.9 months), and the benefit was even greater when the two...
ASCO 2015: Removing More Breast Tissue Reduces by Half the Need for Second Cancer Surgery
Removing more tissue during a partial mastectomy could spare thousands of breast cancer patients a second surgery, according to a Yale Cancer Center study. The findings were presented May 30 at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting (Abstract 1012) in Chicago and simultaneously published by Chagpar ...
ASCO 2015: JAK Inhibitor Pacritinib Proves Effective for Easing Symptoms of Myelofibrosis
Findings from the PERSIST-1 study of patients with myelofibrosis show that the JAK inhibitor pacritinib is significantly more effective than best available therapy, which includes a range of off-label treatments, for easing the symptoms of myelofibrosis. At a landmark analysis at 24 weeks of...
ASCO 2015: Obinutuzumab Doubles Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Relapsed, Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Adding the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody obinutuzumab (Gazyva) to standard bendamustine (Treanda) chemotherapy and then following that with single-agent obinutuzumab maintenance therapy “resulted in a statistically significant, but more importantly, a clinically meaningful increase in...
ASCO 2015: Melanoma Rates Dramatically Increasing in Children and Young Adults
The incidence of melanoma has increased by more than 250% among children, adolescents, and young adults since 1973, according to research to be presented by Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) on June 1 at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting (Abstract 9058) in Chicago. The research has been recognized...
ASCO 2015: Colorectal Cancer Genetically Different in Older and Younger Patients
Although the overall rate of colorectal cancer is declining, colorectal cancer specifically among young patients is increasing. Previous studies have shown that colorectal cancer in patients younger than 50 years old tends to be more aggressive than in older patients. A University of Colorado (CU)...
ASCO 2015: Pembrolizumab Produces Clinically Meaningful Response in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer
Immunotherapy with pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced a clinically meaningful overall response rate in a study among 132 patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The overall objective response rate was 24.8%, and 57% of patients experienced some tumor...
ASCO 2015: Nivolumab Extends Survival for Patients With Nonsquamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Superior overall survival was experienced by patients receiving the anti–PD-1 antibody nivolumab (Opdivo) in a randomized phase III study of patients with nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease progressed after a platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Study...
ASCO 2015: Nivolumab Shows Highly Promising Activity in Advanced Liver Cancer
A phase I/II study testing the safety and antitumor activity of nivolumab (Opdivo) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma has revealed one of the first signs that immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors will have a role in the treatment of liver cancer. The results and potential implications...
ASCO 2015: Mismatch Repair Deficiency Predicts Response to Pembrolizumab Among Patients With Colorectal and Other Cancers
A phase II study identified the first genomic marker—mismatch repair deficiency—to predict clinical benefit of immune checkpoint blockade with the anti–PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda). Among 50 patients with colorectal cancer, 62% of the 25 patients with mismatch...
Very Overweight Teens May Double Their Risk of Bowel Cancer in Middle Age
Being very overweight in your teens may double the risk of developing bowel cancer by the time you are middle-aged, suggested research published by Kantor et al in the journal Gut. A high level of an indicator of systemic inflammation—erythrocyte sedimentation rate—at this age is...
Blood Thinners Safe for Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases
Cancer patients with brain metastases who develop blood clots may safely receive blood thinners without increased risk of dangerous bleeding, according to a study published by Donato et al in Blood. Cancer increases a patient’s risk of developing blood clots, and an anticoagulant is often...
Study Finds Prostate Cancer Survivors Who Maintained a Western Diet Had an Increased Risk of Death
A large study evaluating the relationship of dietary patterns with prostate cancer–specific and all-cause mortality among men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer has found that the men who ate a Western-style diet of foods rich in processed meats, red meats, and high-fat dairy...
Two Studies Highlight Benefit of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Two studies from researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center add to preliminary evidence that high-dose radiation treatment, or stereotactic body radiotherapy, appears to be safe and as effective as standard radiation treatment for certain patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer....
UK Trial Shows Neoadjuvant Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Noninferior to Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced Ovarian Cancer
In the UK phase III CHORUS trial reported in The Lancet, Kehoe et al found that a strategy of three cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy followed by delayed surgery and three additional cycles of chemotherapy was associated with overall survival noninferior to that achieved with surgery followed...
