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pancreatic cancer

Oral Microbiota and Risk for Pancreatic Cancer

Investigators have found several oral bacteria and fungi associated with an increased risk for pancreatic cancer, according to findings published in JAMA Oncology. This cohort study seems to confirm a long-standing suspicion of the relationship between poor oral health and pancreatic cancer and...

lung cancer

David Gerber, MD, on ALK-Positive NSCLC: Crizotinib vs Observation for Surgically Resected Early-Stage Disease

David Gerber, MD, of UT Southwestern Medical Center, reviews findings from the phase III E4512 trial, which evaluated the hypothesis that postoperative crizotinib may improve disease-free survival in patients with surgically resected ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), based on the...

leukemia

Early Study Results With Novel Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase Degrader in Relapsed or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

In a phase I, first-in-human trial of nearly 50 patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies, the orally administered, small molecule degrader bexobrutideg (NX-5948) was reported to be well tolerated, including in those with a longer duration of treatment and higher doses. Clinical...

breast cancer

Leading Societies Update Clinical Guideline on Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy

Three leading national cancer organizations have issued an updated guideline on postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) for physicians treating patients with breast cancer. The recommendations outline when PMRT is appropriate based on new evidence and evolving clinical practice, and they highlight...

issues in oncology

Policy Review: HRQoL Data in Clinical Trials for Advanced Cancer

A new policy review published by Tannock et al in The Lancet Oncology emphasizes the critical role of health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) data in the evaluation of treatments for people with advanced cancer. The publication highlights the importance of having standardized responder criteria when ...

head and neck cancer

Chronic Toxicity Rates With De-escalated vs Standard Adjuvant Radiotherapy in HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

In a U.S. two-center phase III trial (MC1675) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ma et al found that de-escalated adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with a reduced cumulative, chronic grade ≥ 3 toxicity rate at 3 to 24 months after radiotherapy compared with standard adjuvant treatment in patients...

prostate cancer

Addition of Metastasis-Directed SBRT to Standard Therapy in Oligometastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

In a Canadian phase II trial (GROUQ-PCS 9) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Niazi et al found that the addition of metastasis-directed stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to standard systemic therapy improved radiographic progression-free survival in patients with oligometastatic...

issues in oncology

Study Finds Insufficient Evidence Demonstrating Clinical Benefit of Multicancer Detection Tests

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force currently recommends average-risk screening for four cancer types, including colorectal, cervical, breast, and lung cancer (for those with a sufficient smoking history). Despite this, approximately 70% of cancer-related deaths in the United States are due to...

leukemia

Nicholas J. Short, MD: Focus on TP53-Mutated ALL

Nicholas J. Short, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses TP53 abnormalities in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which are uncommon in pediatric patients but may occur in 10% to 15% of adult patients with ALL. Dr. Short reviews recent research into their impact on...

issues in oncology
legislation

Study Finds Postapproval Cancer Trials Fell After Inflation Reduction Act

Research published by Zheng et al in Health Affairs Scholar found that the passage of the government price-setting provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) was associated with a broad decline in industry-funded oncology trials after first U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval, with...

supportive care

Incorporating Family Caregivers Into Shared Decision-Making for Patients With Cancer

In a recent study published in JCO Oncology Practice, Steffensen et al examined the process of shared decision-making (SDM) in which clinicians and patients collaborate to make health-care decisions according to the patients’ values, preferences, and medical needs. Although many seriously ill...

skin cancer

Clear-Margin Diagnostic Excisional Biopsy May Adequately Treat Melanoma in Situ, Study Finds

A retrospective cohort study conducted by Dessinioti et al and published in JAMA Dermatology found that, in cases of melanoma in situ, diagnostic excisional biopsy achieving clear margins may be sufficient for treatment. “No local recurrences, metastasis, or melanoma-specific death were observed...

cns cancers

Is TBI Associated With Malignant Brain Tumors?

The results of a retrospective cohort study published in JAMA Network Open revealed an association between having a history of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the risk of developing malignant brain tumors in adult civilians from the United States. Marini et al confirmed the...

head and neck cancer

New Liquid Biopsy Test for Early Detection of Head and Neck Cancers

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is the most common type of HPV-related malignancy in the United States. In 2025, ACS estimates there will be 59,660 diagnoses of mouth and throat cancers, and about...

kidney cancer

Benmelstobart Plus Anlotinib vs Sunitinib as First-Line Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma

In an interim analysis of a Chinese phase III trial (ETER100) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Zhou et al found that the combination of the PD-L1 inhibitor benmelstobart and anlotinib improved progression-free survival vs sunitinib in the first-line treatment of advanced clear cell renal cell...

leukemia

Naval G. Daver, MD, and Uma Borate, MBBS, Debate Lower-Intensity Regimens in AML

Naval G. Daver, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and Uma Borate, MBBS, of The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, give highlights of a lively debate they engaged in at the SOHO meeting. They discuss concomitant vs sequential use of lower-intensity regimens in ...

geriatric oncology

ASCO Approves First Guideline on Cancer-Specific Geriatric Assessment of Older Patients in Resource-Limited Settings

On April 22, 2025, an ASCO Expert Panel voted to approve ASCO’s global guideline on geriatric assessment of patients with cancer older than age 65 who are being treated in resource-limited settings or countries.1 Guideline recommendations were informed by the ADAPTE methodology and formal consensus ...

geriatric oncology

JCO Authorship Guidelines Are of Benefit to Those Caring for Older Patients

The aging population, now the largest group of patients with cancer and cancer survivors, requires a rigorous and focused approach to clinical trial reporting, a need highlighted by the recent author guidelines from the Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO; Table 1).1 The guidelines are an important...

geriatric oncology

Study Finds High-Risk Prescriptions Drive Frailty, Hospitalization, and Mortality in Older Adults With Cancer

Using the Geriatric Oncology Potentially Inappropriate Medications scale (GO-PIMs), researchers found that older adults are likely to be taking a number of potentially inappropriate or high-risk medications that are associated with increased frailty at the time of their cancer diagnosis, according...

issues in oncology

Noncancer-Related Mortality in RCTs With Targeted Screening

In a meta-analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Lei et al found a small nonsignificant increase in off-target mortality from noncancer causes or cancers that were not the target of screening in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with screened and unscreened populations. As stated by the...

hepatobiliary cancer

Tislelizumab-Based Triplet Therapy for Conversion of Unresectable to Resectable Locally Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer

In a Chinese phase II trial (ZSAB-TransGOLP) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Shi et al found promising results with tislelizumab plus lenvatinib and GEMOX (gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin) chemotherapy (GOLP) in converting unresectable locally advanced biliary tract cancer to resectable disease....

bladder cancer

Addition of Neoadjuvant TAR-200 to Cetrelimab in Cisplatin-Ineligible Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

In an interim analysis of a phase II trial (SunRISe-4) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Necchi et al found that the addition of neoadjuvant TAR-200—a targeted releasing system that provides sustained delivery of gemcitabine within the bladder—to the PD-1 inhibitor cetrelimab resulted in a higher...

prostate cancer

New ACS Prostate Cancer Report: Late-Stage Incidence Rates Continue to Increase Rapidly as Mortality Declines Slow

The American Cancer Society (ACS) has released Prostate Cancer Statistics, 2025, a report on current prostate cancer occurrence and outcomes in the United States. According to the study, prostate cancer incidence rates have reversed from a decline of 6.4% per year during 2007 through 2014 to an...

issues in oncology

How a Novel Coaching Intervention Is Building Resilience and Hope in Adolescents and Young Adults With Advanced Cancer

Each year, nearly 90,000 adolescents and young adults (AYAs; aged 15–39) are diagnosed with cancer, and approximately 9,300 die of the disease.1 And although the 5-year survival rate among these young patients is approaching 80%, it lags behind that of the pediatric population, whose 5-year...

issues in oncology

Cardiotoxicity From the Use of Anthracyclines in Cancer Survivors: Preventive Strategies

Many patients from Europe and the United States have experienced the benefits of anthracyclines in the treatment of an array of cancers, including solid tumors such as breast and ovarian cancers as well as lymphoma. However, a number of these cancer survivors will experience severe chronic cardiac...

lung cancer

Kelly G. Paulson, MD, PhD, on Extensive-Stage SCLC: Tarlatamab Plus Anti–PD-L1 as Maintenance Therapy

Kelly G. Paulson, MD, PhD, of Providence Swedish Cancer Institute (Seattle, WA) and lead of the Center for Immuno-Oncology at Paul G. Allen Research Center, reviews findings from the safety and efficacy data from the phase Ib DeLLphi-303 trial. The study examined tarlatamab, a bispecific T-cell...

lung cancer

Viral Immunotherapy May Extend Survival in Advanced NSCLC After Progression on Immune Checkpoint Inhibition

Treatment with the viral immunotherapy CAN-2409 helped patients with unresectable, stage III/IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continue on immune checkpoint inhibition longer and experience extended survival, despite initial inadequate responses to anti–PD-(L)1 therapy, according to extended...

lung cancer

Surgical Resection With EGFR TKI Demonstrates Promising PFS in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC

Resection of the primary thoracic tumor after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition demonstrated the ability to prolong disease control in patients with EGFR-mutant metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to findings from a randomized phase II trial presented at the International...

leukemia

Michael J. Mauro, MD, on the ENABLE Study in Heavily Pretreated Patients With CML

Michael J. Mauro, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, reviews findings from the phase Ia/Ib ENABLE study, which evaluated ELVN-001, a highly selective, active-site inhibitor designed to target BCR-ABL1, in heavily pretreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). 

lung cancer

Alexander Drilon, MD, on ROS1 Fusion–Positive NSCLC: Efficacy of Zidesamtinib

Alexander Drilon, MD, presents findings from the phase I/II ARROS-1 trial, which investigated the safety and efficacy of zidesamtinib—an investigational next-generation ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) designed to be highly selective, brain-penetrant, and TRK-sparing—in patients with ROS1...

lung cancer

Susan C. Scott, MD, on EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Subcutaneous Amivantamab Plus Lazertinib

Susan C. Scott, MD, of Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, presents findings from cohort 5 of the phase II PALOMA-2 trial. The data show that subcutaneous administration of the bispecific monoclonal antibody amivantamab-vmjw every 4 weeks, combined with daily receipt of the...

lung cancer

ctDNA May Guide Immunotherapy in Limited-Stage SCLC

A new study presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2025 World Conference on Lung Cancer (Abstract MA11.09) demonstrated that monitoring circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may aid in refining and personalizing the use of consolidation immunotherapy in patients with...

lung cancer

Is IFITM3 a Driver of Immunotherapy Response in SCLC?

New research has identified interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) as a critical regulator of immunotherapy sensitivity in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), offering a promising new avenue for overcoming resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade. These findings were presented at the...

lung cancer

STAS Predicts Prognosis in Early NSCLC Regardless of Surgical Approach

The presence of tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) demonstrated an association with poor prognosis in patients with early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whether undergoing segmentectomy or lobectomy, according to findings from an analysis of the phase III JCOG0802/WJOG4607L trial...

lung cancer

Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Plus Concurrent Chemotherapy vs Conventional Radiotherapy in Phase III Trial for LS-SCLC

A reduced schedule for hypofractionated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy led to numerically similar survival outcomes and a more favorable safety profile compared with a standard course of conventional fractionated radiotherapy for patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer...

lung cancer

Tarlatamab and Anti–PD-1 Therapy as First-Line Maintenance for ES-SCLC

The DLL3-targeted bispecific T-cell engager agent tarlatamab demonstrated significant overall survival in combination with anti‒PD-L1 therapy of either atezolizumab or durvalumab as first-line maintenance therapy for patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), according to...

lung cancer

New Subcutaneous Amivantamab Combo Dosing Schedule Shows Promising Safety and Efficacy in EGFR-Positive NSCLC

The combination of subcutaneous amivantamab-vmjw every 4 weeks plus daily oral lazertinib led to a high response rate in patients with previously untreated EGFR-mutated advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to findings from an analysis of cohort 5 of the PALOMA-2 trial presented at ...

lung cancer

Jonathan Spicer, MD, PhD, on Perioperative Immunotherapy for Resectable NSCLC: HRQoL Outcomes

Jonathan D. Spicer, MD, PhD, of McGill University Health Centre, discusses health-related quality of life (HRQoL) findings from the CheckMate 77T trial. The analysis determined that receipt of perioperative nivolumab does not result in worse HRQoL outcomes vs placebo in patients with resectable...

lung cancer

Novel Targeted Agent Under Study in MTAP-Deleted NSCLC

BMS-986504, a first-in-class agent targeting MTAP, demonstrated antitumor activity in heavily pretreated patients with MTAP-deleted non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to findings from the phase I/II CA240-0007 trial presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer...

lung cancer

Overall Survival Risk for VATS vs Open Lobectomy for Early Lung Cancer

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) led to a 21% reduction in the risk of death compared with open lobectomy for patients with early-stage lung cancer, in a meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing the two approaches. Results of the meta-analysis were presented at the International...

lung cancer

Lung Cancer Screening May Benefit Adults Up to Age 80 Who Are Fit for Surgery

Older individuals up to the age of 80 who are eligible for lung surgery may achieve a survival benefit from lung cancer screening comparable to that for younger patients, according to the results of a multicenter cohort study from the United Kingdom presented at the International Association for...

lung cancer

No OS Benefit for Concurrent and Consolidative Durvalumab vs Consolidation Alone in Unresectable Stage III NSCLC

Treating patients who have stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with durvalumab concurrently with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and continuing as consolidation therapy did not improve overall survival (OS) compared with consolidation therapy with durvalumab alone, according to research presented...

lung cancer

Adjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy for Resected Stage IB–IIIA NSCLC

Interim results from the phase III NADIM ADJUVANT trial, led by the Spanish Lung Cancer Group, suggest that adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy may reduce the risk of recurrence in patients with completely resected stage IB–IIIA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) while maintaining an acceptable safety...

solid tumors

FDA Approves Kinase Inhibitor for Pediatric Patients With NF1

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved selumetinib (Koselugo) granules and capsules for pediatric patients aged 1 year and older with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) who have symptomatic, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas (PN). The FDA previously approved selumetinib capsules for...

lung cancer

John M. Varlotto, MD, on Concurrent and Consolidation Durvalumab for Unresectable Stage III NSCLC

John M. Varlotto, MD, presents results from the phase III EA5181 trial (from the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group), which evaluated concurrent and consolidation durvalumab vs consolidation durvalumab alone for patients with unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Abstract...

bladder cancer

FDA Approves Gemcitabine Intravesical System for Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the gemcitabine intravesical system (Inlexzo) for adults with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer with carcinoma in situ with or without papillary tumors. The gemcitabine intravesical system is...

global cancer care
geriatric oncology

Bridging the Gap in Geriatric Oncology Education: A Global Imperative

As the global population ages, oncology faces an urgent challenge: ensuring that health-care professionals are adequately trained to address the unique complexities of cancer care for older adults. Despite the increasing prevalence of cancer in this demographic, geriatric oncology education remains ...

leukemia

Nirav N. Shah, MD, MSHP, on a BTK Degrader in Relapsed or Refractory CLL

Nirav N. Shah, MD, MSHP, of the Medical College of Wisconsin, presents results from a phase Ia study of bexobrutideg, a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) degrader. The agent was tested in a heavily pretreated population of patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and...

palliative care
pain management

Overcoming the Challenges of Safely Using Opioids to Treat Patients With Chronic Cancer-Related Pain

Research has shown that pain is among the most commonly experienced and feared aspects of a cancer diagnosis.1 It’s easy to understand why. In fact, cancer-related pain is so ubiquitous, between 20% and 50% of patients with early-stage cancer will experience pain,2 and up to 90% of patients with...

lung cancer

Jordi Remon, MD, PhD, on Aumolertinib Plus Chemotherapy in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC

Jordi Remon, MD, PhD, of Gustave Roussy, was the invited discussant for the phase III ACROSS 2 study (Abstract PL02.06). Dr. Remon describes the effect of the addition of aumolertinib, an oral third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, to platinum/pemetrexed chemotherapy in patients with...

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