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Showing 3401 - 3450Relapse of Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors During Active Surveillance
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hamilton et al found that relapses of clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) during postorchiectomy active surveillance most frequently occurred in the retroperitoneum and were cured by single-modality...
Circulating Tumor DNA and Relapse in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Garcia-Murillas et al found that detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) during follow-up after initial treatment for early breast cancer was associated with a high risk of relapse. Detection at diagnosis was also associated with poorer relapse-free...
Single-Institution Study of Next-Generation Sequencing Outcomes in Patients With Cancer
In a single-institution retrospective study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Davis and colleagues found that next-generation sequencing (NGS) tests resulted in changes in management in a small proportion of patients with cancer. Study Details The study involved retrospective review...
Adiposity Distribution and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Among Breast Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cespedes Feliciano et al found that increased visceral and intramuscular adiposity were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease among breast cancer survivors, independent of baseline risk factors and cancer treatment. Study...
Age Disparities Among Patients in Cancer Clinical Trials and Patients With Cancer in the General Population
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Ludmir et al found that the median age of patients with common cancers enrolled in clinical trials was substantially lower than the median age of patients with the same cancers in the general population. Age disparity was greater in industry-funded trials....
Immune-Related Adverse Events Requiring Hospitalization in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
In a single-center analysis reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Balaji et al found that immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment often require hospitalization and multidisciplinary management. The study involved data from patients who had...
Outcomes Among Older HIV-Positive Patients With Cancer in the United States
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Coghill et al found that outcomes are often worse among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients aged 65 years or older with cancer vs HIV-negative patients with cancer, after adjustment for the first courses of treatment. In the study,...
Addition of Cediranib to Cisplatin/Pemetrexed in Chemotherapy-Naive Unresectable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
In the phase II SWOG S0905 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tsao et al found that the addition of the epidermal growth factor receptor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitor cediranib to cisplatin/pemetrexed was associated with limited benefit and greater toxicity...
Pazopanib or Methotrexate/Vinblastine in Progressive Desmoid Tumors
In the French Sarcoma Group noncomparative phase II DESMOPAZ trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Toulmonde et al found that the oral vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor pazopanib was active in adult patients with progressive desmoid tumors. As noted by the investigators, ...
Response- and Biology-Based Therapy for Pediatric Intermediate-Risk Neuroblastoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Twist et al, use of reduced therapy for subsets of pediatric patients with intermediate-risk neuroblastoma in the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) study ANBL0531 did not affect the excellent overall survival rates observed in prior COG studies ...
USPSTF Recommendation on Screening for Pancreatic Cancer in Asymptomatic Adults
As reported in JAMA, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), in a reaffirmation of its 2004 recommendation, has recommended against screening for pancreatic cancer in asymptomatic adults (a grade D recommendation). In developing the current recommendation, the USPSTF reviewed...
Anti–PD-1/PD-L1 Rechallenge After Immune-Related Adverse Events
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Olivier Lambotte, MD, PhD, found that rechallenge with an immune checkpoint inhibitor after occurrence of immune-related adverse events was associated with occurrence of an immune-related adverse event in approximately half of patients, with no increase in...
Regorafenib Dose-Escalation Strategy vs Standard Dosing in Colorectal Cancer
In the phase II ReDOS trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tanios Bekaii-Saab, MD, and colleagues found that a regorafenib dose-escalation strategy compared favorably with standard dosing in regard to toxicity profile and activity in patients with refractory advanced colorectal cancer. Study...
Early Trial of IPH4102 in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
In a phase I trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Martine Bagot, MD, and colleagues found that IPH4102—a first-in-class monoclonal antibody targeting KIR3DL2—was safe and showed activity in patients with relapsed or refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, particularly those with Sézary syndrome....
Addition of IDO1 Inhibitor to Immunotherapy in Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Georgina V. Long, PhD, and colleagues, the phase III ECHO-301/KEYNOTE-252 trial showed no improvement in progression-free or overall survival with the addition of the IDO1 inhibitor epacadostat to pembrolizumab in unresectable stage III or stage IV melanoma....
Pembrolizumab for Advanced Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Late in 2018, pembrolizumab was granted accelerated approval in the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with recurrent locally advanced or metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network protocol 9 (CITN-09), also known...
Comparison of Scans for Detection of Early Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Prostatectomy
In a single-center study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Calais et al found that the use of gallium Ga-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen-11 positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) resulted in higher detection rates of early biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after ...
Patient vs Provider Views on Goals and Adverse Effects of Cancer Therapy
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Duckworth et al found that many patients with cancer had more optimistic treatment goals vs their physicians and that patients who did not understand adverse effects associated with treatment had higher distress scores. As stated by the...
Enfortumab Vedotin in Platinum- and Anti–PD-1/L1–Pretreated Urothelial Carcinoma
In the phase II EV-201 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rosenberg et al found the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin showed high activity in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who had previously received platinum-based therapy and anti–programmed cell...
Polatuzumab Vedotin-piiq for Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
On June 10, 2019, the CD79b-directed antibody-drug conjugate polatuzumab vedotin-piiq was granted accelerated approval for use in combination with bendamustine and a rituximab product for adult patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), not otherwise specified,...
Comparison of Biomarker Assay Types in Predicting Response to Anti–PD-1/PD-L1 Treatment
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Lu et al found that multiplex immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence (mIHC/IF) assays appeared to have greater accuracy vs other types of assays in predicting response to anti–programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell...
Maintenance Bevacizumab, Pemetrexed, or Both in Advanced Nonsquamous NSCLC
In the phase III ECOG-ACRIN 5508 trial, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ramalingam et al, maintenance pemetrexed or bevacizumab was associated with no significant improvement in overall survival vs the bevacizumab control group alone, and was associated with greater toxicity in...
Pembrolizumab in Metastatic Small Cell Lung Cancer
On June 17, 2019, pembrolizumab was granted accelerated approval for the treatment of patients with metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with disease progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy and at least one other prior line of therapy.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based...
Atezolizumab Combined With Chemotherapy in First-Line Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
On March 18, 2019, atezolizumab was approved for use in combination with carboplatin and etoposide in the first-line treatment of adult patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cance (SCLC).1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in the phase III double-blind IMpower133...
How Treatment Costs Affect Decisions for Breast Cancer Surgery
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Greenup et al found that cancer treatment costs influenced women’s decisions on breast cancer surgery. Researchers reported many women, even at the highest income levels, said that costs were higher than expected, and that most women...
Ibrutinib/Rituximab vs Standard Chemoimmunotherapy in Previously Untreated CLL
In an interim analysis of the phase III E1912 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Shanafelt et al found that ibrutinib/rituximab improved progression-free and overall survival vs standard chemoimmunotherapy in patients 70 years old or younger with previously untreated chronic...
Tumor-Associated Antigen Cytotoxic T Cells in Relapsed or Refractory Solid Tumors
In a phase I trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hont et al found that treatment of relapsed or refractory solid tumors with ex vivo expanded autologous multiantigen-associated specific cytotoxic T cells—or, tumor-associated antigen cytotoxic T cells—was safe and showed...
Hysterectomy-Corrected Uterine Corpus Cancer Incidence in the United States
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Clarke et al found that hysterectomy-corrected rates of uterine corpus cancer—particularly nonendometrioid subtypes—have been increasing in the United States, with racial disparities in incidence and survival being observed. In...
Post Hoc 5-Year Follow-up of Pembrolizumab vs Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma
In a post hoc 5-year follow-up of the KEYNOTE-006 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Robert et al found that pembrolizumab maintained overall and progression-free survival benefits over ipilimumab in patients with advanced melanoma. In the primary analysis from the trial, both pembrolizumab...
Durvalumab With or Without Tremelimumab in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
In the first stage of a phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, O’Reilly et al found poor activity of durvalumab with or without tremelimumab in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Owing to the lack of efficacy, study expansion was not pursued. The lead-in open-label safety ...
Palbociclib Plus Cetuximab in Platinum- and Cetuximab-Resistant HPV-Unrelated Head and Neck Cancer
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Adkins et al found that the combination of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor palbociclib and the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab showed activity in patients with either platinum- or cetuximab-resistant human papillomavirus...
Pazopanib in Advanced Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma
Findings from a cohort of a phase II study reported by Stacchiotti et al in The Lancet Oncology indicated activity of the antiangiogenic agent pazopanib in advanced extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. As noted by the investigators, this rare sarcoma has low sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapy,...
Ten-Year Update on Standard Adjuvant Chemotherapy vs Capecitabine in Older Women With Early Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Muss et al, long-term findings from the phase III CALGB 49907 trial support the finding from the primary analysis—that standard adjuvant chemotherapy improved recurrence-free survival vs capecitabine in women aged 65 years or older with early ...
Overall Survival With the Addition of Ribociclib to Endocrine Therapy in Advanced HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Im et al, an interim analysis of the phase III MONALEESA-7 trial has shown an overall survival benefit with the addition of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor ribociclib to endocrine therapy in pre- or perimenopausal women...
Post Hoc Updated Survival Analysis of Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy vs Radiotherapy in High-Risk Endometrial Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by de Boer et al, a post hoc updated survival analysis of the phase III PORTEC-3 trial has shown a significant overall survival benefit of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone in women with high-risk endometrial cancer. A benefit in failure-free...
Rituximab Maintenance in Previously Untreated Follicular Lymphoma: 9-Year Follow-up
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Bachy et al, 9-year follow-up of the phase III PRIMA trial indicated a maintained progression-free survival benefit of maintenance rituximab vs observation following first-line induction therapy for follicular lymphoma. As in the prior reports from ...
Five-Year Survival in Heavily Pretreated Patients Receiving Nivolumab Monotherapy
As reported by Topalian et al in JAMA Oncology, long-term follow up of patients from a phase I expansion cohort study indicated 5-year overall survival rates of 34.2%, 27.7%, and 15.6% among patients who received nivolumab monotherapy for advanced melanoma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and...
Erdafitinib in FGFR-Altered Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Loriot et al, the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-4 tyrosine kinase inhibitor erdafitinib showed activity in FGFR-altered advanced urothelial carcinoma. Study Details The study enrolled patients from sites in 14 countries between May...
ARCHES: Enzalutamide Plus ADT in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Armstrong et al, findings from the phase III ARCHES trial have shown significant improvement in radiographic progression-free survival with enzalutamide plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) vs placebo plus ADT in men with metastatic...
Use of BI-RADS Breast Density and BCSC Risk to Identify Women for Discussion of Supplemental Imaging
In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Kerlikowske et al found that the combined use of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) breast density and Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC)-defined risk for breast cancer may be an effective way of identifying women with dense...
Clinical Deterioration Among Patients Hospitalized at a Tertiary Cancer Hospital
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Lyons et al found that transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) or on-ward death occurred in 9% of admissions to cancer wards at an urban tertiary cancer hospital. Investigators identified factors associated with clinical deterioration...
Pembrolizumab After Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Advanced NSCLC
In a Dutch phase II study reported in JAMA Oncology, Theelen et al found that although use of stereotactic body radiotherapy prior to pembrolizumab increased the objective response rate vs pembrolizumab alone in metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the difference did not meet study...
Activity of a MEK 1/2 Inhibitor in Select Pediatric Brain Cancers
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jason Fangusaro, MD, and colleagues found that the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib was active in pediatric patients with recurrent, refractory, or progressive pilocytic astrocytoma with common BRAF aberrations and neurofibromatosis type 1...
Active Regimen for High-Risk and Older Patients With Previously Untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
In a single-center phase II trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Nitin Jain, MD, and colleagues found that the combination of ibrutinib and venetoclax was highly active in previously untreated high-risk and older patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In the study, 80 ...
Cervicovaginal Microbiome, BRCA1 Mutation Status, and Ovarian Cancer Risk
In a case-control study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Nené et al found that younger women with ovarian cancer or a BRCA1 mutation without cancer were more likely to have cervicovaginal microbiota characterized by a lower (community type O) vs higher (community type L) proportion of...
Brentuximab Vedotin in Untreated Systemic Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma and CD30-Expressing Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas
On November 16, 2018, brentuximab vedotin was approved for use in combination with chemotherapy for previously untreated systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma or other CD30-expressing peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), including angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and PTCL–not otherwise...
Features on Restaging MRI Associated With Local Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Treatment in Low Rectal Cancer
In a retrospective analysis reported in JAMA Surgery, Ogura et al found that persistently enlarged nodes in the internal iliac compartment on restaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation or radiation therapy for low rectal cancer were associated with high risk of...
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Duration and Obesity May Be Associated With Increased Risk of Lymphedema in Some Women With Breast Cancer
In a cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Armer et al found that longer duration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and increasing body mass index (BMI) were associated with increased risk of lymphedema in women with node-positive breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and axillary...
Immunotherapy After Locally Ablative Therapy for Oligometastatic NSCLC
In a single-center phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Bauml et al found that pembrolizumab given after locally ablative therapy appeared to be associated with improved outcomes in patients with oligometastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the study, 45 evaluable...
CLARITY: Ibrutinib Plus Venetoclax in Relapsed or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
In the phase II CLARITY trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hillmen et al found that the combination of ibrutinib and venetoclax resulted in high rates of minimal residual disease eradication in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In the...
