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Showing 301 - 350Avapritinib for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor With PDGFRA Exon 18 Mutation
On January 9, 2020, avapritinib was approved for treatment of adults with unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) harboring a platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) exon 18 mutation, including D842V mutations.1,2 It is the first therapy approved for...
CAR T-Cell Gene Therapy in Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas: Present and Future
To complement The ASCO Post’s continued comprehensive coverage of the 2019 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, here are several abstracts selected from the meeting proceedings focusing on novel immunotherapies for patients with different types of non-Hodgkin...
Risk of CNS Metastasis in Patients With AJCC 8th Edition Stage III Melanoma
A study using data from two major melanoma centers in the United States and Australia, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Haydu et al, has shown a 5-year cumulative incidence of central nervous system (CNS) metastasis of 15.8% among patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer...
Everolimus/Octreotide Shows Antitumor Activity in Recurrent Meningioma
According to the results from the small phase II CEVOREM trial, a targeted combination of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus and the somatostatin agonist octreotide showed antitumor activity in patients with recurrent meningioma not amenable to any type of surgery or radiotherapy. These findings were...
Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib Improves Progression-Free Survival in Previously Untreated EGFR-Mutated Advanced NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Kazuhiko Nakagawa, MD, of the Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, and colleagues, the phase III RELAY trial has shown that the addition of the VEGFR2 inhibitor ramucirumab to the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib improved...
Quality of Life and Neurocognitive Function in Patients With Gliomas Treated With Temozolomide-Based Chemoradiotherapy
A secondary analysis of the phase II NRG-RTOG 0424 trial—which initially reported a 73.1% 3-year overall survival rate—has shown a decline in neurocognitive function for half of the trial participants with high-risk, low-grade gliomas up to a year after receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy with...
Molecular Changes in Progression of IDH Wild-Type Glioblastoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Draaisma et al identified molecular changes at tumor recurrence vs the primary tumor profiles in patients receiving standard chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide for IDH wild-type glioblastoma multiforme. The findings may help inform precision ...
Fedratinib: Back From Development Limbo for the Treatment of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
In September 2019, Dr. Claire Harrison and colleagues, myself among them, presented two new analyses regarding the use of the JAK2 and FLT3 inhibitor fedratinib in myelofibrosis at the Society of Hematologic Oncology (SOHO) Annual Meeting, with resulting publication in Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma...
Expert Point of View: Lizza E. Hendriks, MD, PhD
Formal discussant of the ASCEND-7 trial, Lizza E. Hendriks, MD, PhD, of the Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands, said that up to 50% of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) will develop central nervous system (CNS) metastases, and these patients can have poor quality...
Ceritinib Active in Treating Brain Metastases in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The ALK inhibitor ceritinib demonstrated efficacy in patients with ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and active brain metastases, according to the results of the ASCEND-7 trial reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2019.1 Substantial intracranial...
Entrectinib for NTRK-Positive Solid Tumors and ROS1-Positive Lung Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On August 15, 2019, the oral TRK, ROS1, and ALK kinase...
Early Research on Novel Interleukin-12 Gene Therapy in Glioblastoma
Recurrent high-grade glioblastoma has a poor prognosis, with a median overall survival of 6 to 9 months. Treatment is limited, partly because immunotherapy has not yet been shown to be effective in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of this tumor. A novel treatment approach involving...
FDA Pipeline: Advances in Prostate Cancer, Urothelial Cancer, Myelofibrosis, and More
In the past few weeks, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued regulatory decisions in prostate cancer, urothelial cancer, myelofibrosis, breast cancer, pediatric brain cancer, leukemia, and skin cancer. Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Niraparib in Metastatic...
Risk of Subsequent Neoplasms in Childhood Cancer Survivors With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Smita Bhatia, MD, MPH, and colleagues found that childhood cancer survivors with pathogenic neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) variants had a greater risk of subsequent neoplasms than survivors without NFI variants and that radiotherapy was...
Erica H. Bell, PhD, on Low-Grade Gliomas: Subgroup Analysis of the NRG Oncology/RTOG 9802 Trial
Erica H. Bell, PhD, of The Ohio State University, discusses phase III findings from a prognostic and predictive molecular subgroup analysis of radiotherapy vs radiotherapy plus procarbazine/lomustine/vincristine in high-risk low-grade gliomas (Abstract 161).
Quality of Life and Neurocognitive Function With Lomustine/Temozolomide for MGMT-Methylated Glioblastoma
In an analysis of the phase III CeTeG/NOA-09 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Weller et al found no clinically relevant differences in health-related quality of life or neurocognitive function in patients with newly diagnosed MGMT-methylated glioblastoma treated with lomustine/temozolomide vs ...
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Striving for a Curative Therapy
Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in which standards of care have not been well established. In light of recent insights into its pathophysiology and the emergence of novel approaches, The ASCO Post asked Tracy T. Batchelor, MD, a specialist in...
Response- and Biology-Based Therapy for Pediatric Intermediate-Risk Neuroblastoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Twist et al, use of reduced therapy for subsets of pediatric patients with intermediate-risk neuroblastoma in the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) study ANBL0531 did not affect the excellent overall survival rates observed in prior COG studies ...
FDA Approves Bevacizumab Biosimilar for Five Cancer Types
ON JUNE 28, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved bevacizumab-bvzr (Zirabev), a biosimilar to bevacizumab (Avastin), for the treatment of five types of cancer: metastatic colorectal cancer; unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic nonsquamous non–small cell lung...
Activity of a MEK 1/2 Inhibitor in Select Pediatric Brain Cancers
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jason Fangusaro, MD, and colleagues found that the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib was active in pediatric patients with recurrent, refractory, or progressive pilocytic astrocytoma with common BRAF aberrations and neurofibromatosis type 1...
FDA Approves Bevacizumab Biosimilar for Five Cancer Types
On June 28, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved bevacizumab-bvzr (Zirabev), a biosimilar to bevacizumab (Avastin), for the treatment of five types of cancer: metastatic colorectal cancer; unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic nonsquamous non–small cell ...
Update on Early-Stage Studies of Novel Treatments in Glioblastoma
Outcomes are typically grim for patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. At the 2019 Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS), three early-stage studies hinted at ways that standard treatments might be made more effective. Metronomic Dosing of...
Cytoreductive Surgery for Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Through a systematic review of published studies, researchers report they have identified a distinct subtype of primary central nervous system (PCNS) lymphoma that should be considered for surgical removal, suggesting a major shift in how this type of tumor is evaluated and managed. These findings...
2019 ASCO: Combination Therapy With SurVaxM in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Ahluwalia et al shared research results on SurVaxM at the 2019 ASCO Annual Meeting, reporting that combination therapy with the immunotherapy vaccine was more effective than standard therapy for nearly all patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma in a phase II trial (Abstract 2016). SurVaxM...
2019 ASCO: Subgroups of Patients With Low-Grade Glioma May Benefit From PCV Chemotherapy Plus Radiotherapy
A recent, updated predictive analysis of the three World Health Organization (WHO)-defined molecular subgroups based on IDH mutation status and 1p/19q codeletion status represented in the high-risk treatment arms of a phase III trial found that both IDH-mutant subgroups may derive benefit ...
As My Outside World Became Smaller, My Family Focus Became Larger
As I write this, I think I’m making sense but am not 100% sure. My brain is a little scrambled after nearly 4 years of treatment for grade 4 glioblastoma multiforme, but I think the essence of my humor and humanity is still intact. When I experienced my first partial seizure while riding my...
Activity of Selumetinib in Pediatric Pilocytic Astrocytoma and Low-Grade Glioma
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fangusaro et al found that the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib was active in pediatric patients with recurrent, refractory, or progressive pilocytic astrocytoma with common BRAF aberrations and neurofibromatosis type 1...
Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, MD, on Glioblastoma: Novel Cancer Vaccine With Standard Therapy
Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, MD, of the Taussig Center Institute, Cleveland Clinic, discusses phase II findings on the efficacy and immunogenicity of SurVaxM, a novel cancer vaccine targeting the tumor-specific antigen survivin in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (Abstract 2016).
Rookie
His steps generated a low rumble that propagated through the floor like a tsunami, flowed up through my desk, and ended as tiny waves visible through the clear plastic of my water bottle. His custom Lucchese ostrich boots made a distinctive clicking sound as they rhythmically struck the tile floor, ...
Targeted Brachytherapy May Improve Outcomes in Recurrent Brain Tumors
For recurrent, previously irradiated brain tumors, innovative treatment with surgically targeted brachytherapy yielded good local control and overall survival, as compared to historic controls, neurosurgeons reported at the 2019 Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Association of Neurological...
T-Cell Therapy for EBV-Associated Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder With CNS Involvement
An “off-the-shelf” allogeneic T-cell product, tabelecleucel, may effectively treat patients who develop Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, researchers from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center reported at...
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: 2019 Updates
In 1996, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®) published its first set of Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®), covering eight tumor types. NCCN Guidelines are now published for more than 70 tumor types and topics. Some of the key updates for 2019 were presented...
Treatment-Related Ototoxicity and Reading Impairment in Pediatric Patients With Embryonal Brain Tumors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Olivier et al found that pediatric patients with severe sensorineural hearing loss associated with the treatment of embryonal brain tumors experienced greater reading difficulties over time. The study involved data from 260 children and...
FDA Pipeline: Designations in Myeloma, Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma, and Kaposi Sarcoma, Plus ODAC Votes
This week, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted designations in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and Kaposi sarcoma; and the FDA’s Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) held votes on treatments for tenosynovial giant cell tumor and acute...
2019 ASCO: Entrectinib in Children and Adolescents With Recurrent or Refractory Solid or Central Nervous System Tumors
A phase I/IB study evaluating the activity of entrectinib in children and adolescents with recurrent or refractory solid tumors, including central nervous system (CNS) tumors, has found that the agent produced responses in children with tumors harboring target aberrations...
ESTRO 38: What Type of Radiotherapy May Best Preserve Cognitive Function in Pediatric Patients With Brain Tumors?
A comparison of three types of radiotherapy for pediatric brain tumors suggests that a type of proton therapy called pencil-beam scanning (PBS) offers the best hope of preserving cognitive functions. The study, presented by Toussaint et al at ESTRO 38, the annual congress of the European Society...
Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: All Eyes on These Novel Agents
NEW AGENTS for the treatment of advanced HER2-positive breast cancer should be coming soon to your clinic, according to Sara A. Hurvitz, MD, Director of the Breast Cancer Clinical Research Program and Associate Professor of Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of...
Fine-Tuning an ‘Airport Diagnosis’
HIS HEAD WAS DIFFERENT from those of the other people in line. He bore a matrix of white rows of circular patches on his shaved scalp like a wig. The patches were electrodes, connected by cords to a power supply in a satchel around his shoulder. I was able to make an instant and unfortunate...
FDA Pipeline: Designations in Glioblastoma, Neurofibromatosis, Multiple Myeloma, and AML
This week, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted designations for treatments for recurrent glioblastoma, neurofibromatosis type 1 and plexiform neurofibromas, multiple myeloma, and relapsed or refractory FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Fast Track Designation for Ad-RTS-hIL-12...
Pachymeningeal Seeding After Neurosurgical Resection in Patients With Brain Metastases
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Cagney et al found that pachymeningeal seeding was fairly common after neurosurgical resection in patients with brain metastases treated with adjuvant stereotactic radiation. Study Details The study involved 1,188 consecutive patients...
Neratinib Plus Capecitabine Active Against HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Brain Metastases
In the phase II TBCRC 022 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Freedman et al found that the combination of neratinib and capecitabine was active against brain metastases in women with HER2-positive breast cancer. Modest activity of neratinib monotherapy had been found in previous...
Does Postoperative Conformal Radiotherapy Improve Survival in Pediatric Patients With Ependymoma?
Treatment with conformal radiation therapy immediately following surgery in children with ependymoma may greatly improve survival. The findings were published by Merchant et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. “Historically, children under the age of 3 with ependymoma have a worse...
Late Morbidity and Mortality in Survivors of Medulloblastoma
In a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Salloum et al found that changes in medulloblastoma therapy over 3 decades that have improved survival have also increased risk for subsequent neoplasms and debilitating health conditions. As noted...
Addition of Lomustine to Temozolomide and Radiotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma With Methylated MGMT Promoter
In a German phase III trial (CeTeG/NOA–09) reported in The Lancet, Herrlinger et al found that the addition of adjuvant lomustine to temozolomide and radiotherapy improved overall survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma with methylated MGMT promoter. The researchers noted that findings...
Madhav V. Dhodapkar, MBBS, on Cancer Vaccines: Emerging Trends
Madhav V. Dhodapkar, MBBS, of Emory University, summarizes a session he co-chaired on emerging approaches for vaccines, personalized/neoantigen vaccines, and mutation-targeted immunotherapy for diffuse midline gliomas.
FDA Pipeline: Priority Reviews in Solid Tumors and Lymphoma; Plus an sNDA in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Over the past week, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted multiple Priority Reviews and accepted a supplemental new drug application: Priority Review for Entrectinib in NTRK Fusion–Positive Solid Tumors and Metastatic, ROS1-Positive NSCLC This week, the FDA accepted new drug...
Buparlisib in PI3K Pathway–Activated Recurrent Glioblastoma
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wen et al found minimal activity of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor buparlisib in patients with recurrent glioblastoma with PI3K pathway activation. The study included 2 cohorts. In cohort 1, 14 evaluable patients ...
Implementation of a Hospital Pathway for Patients With a Newly Identified Single Brain Mass
In a study reported by Arrillaga-Romany et al in the Journal of Oncology Practice, a team at Massachusetts General Hospital found that implementation of a hospital pathway consisting of a dedicated admission protocol for patients with newly identified single brain masses and no history of cancer...
Lorlatinib Shows Overall and Intracranial Activity in ALK-Positive NSCLC
IN A GLOBAL phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Benjamin J. Solomon, MBBS, of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, and colleagues found that lorlatinib showed high overall and intracranial activity in patients with advanced ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were...
Progress With ALK Inhibitors: When Will We Consider ALK-Positive Lung Cancer a ‘Chronic Disease’?
As reported by Solomon et al in The Lancet Oncology1 and reviewed in this issue of The ASCO Post, results from a global phase II study of the third-generation ALK inhibitor lorlatinib showed a high overall response rate and high intracranial response rate for patients with advanced ALK-positive...
