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Showing 251 - 300KEYNOTE-811: Pembrolizumab Combination in First-Line Setting Improves Overall Survival in Gastric Cancer
In the final per-protocol analysis of the phase III KEYNOTE-811 trial, an overall survival benefit was shown by adding the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab to trastuzumab and chemotherapy in treatment-naive, unresectable, HER2-positive metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.1...
Global Disparities May Exist in Availability, Timeliness of New Cancer Drugs
Despite considerable progress in the discovery and development of new cancer drugs between 1990 and 2022, there may be disparities in both the availability and timeliness of these treatment options globally, particularly among lower-income countries, according to a recent study published by Li et...
Addition of Liver Transplantation to Chemotherapy for Permanently Unresectable Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
In the European TransMet trial, reported in The Lancet, Adam et al found that liver transplantation plus chemotherapy improved overall survival vs chemotherapy alone in patients with permanently unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases. Study Details In the open-label trial, 94 patients...
ASCO Updates Stage III NSCLC Guideline to Include Osimertinib in Wake of LAURA Trial Data
ASCO has issued a rapid update to its guideline on the management of stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), based on the results of the phase III LAURA trial, which was presented at the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting and published simultaneously in The New England Journal of Medicine.1,2 The...
LEAP-012: Combination of Therapies Extends Progression-Free Survival in Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
The combination of the VEGF tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib, the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab, and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with TACE alone, according to...
AI Language Models May Generate Effective Physician's Letters
An artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm may be effective at writing physician’s letters, according to a recent study published by Heilmeyer et al in JMIR Medical Informatics. Background According to recent surveys, physicians may spend almost 3 hours per day on documentation activities. “The...
NO-CUT Trial: Nonoperative Management of Benefit for Many Patients With Rectal Cancer
Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) followed by rectal surgery is the standard of care in proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) locally advanced rectal cancer, but studies are finding that patients with clinical complete response may often avoid surgery and be followed “nonoperatively.” In the first...
Strategies for Recovering Neurocognitive Function After Cranial Radiation Therapy
A substantial number of patients with brain metastases who experience cognitive side effects after radiation therapy may fully regain cognitive function, according to recent findings presented by Cherng et al at the 2024 American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting (Abstract 150). ...
ACS Report: Despite Overall Decreases in Breast Cancer Mortality, Incidence Rising in Key Groups
The American Cancer Society (ACS) recently released Breast Cancer Statistics, 2024, the organization’s biennial update on breast cancer occurrence and trends in the United States. The new report finds breast cancer mortality rates overall have dropped by 44% since 1989, averting approximately...
LuPSMA vs Change of Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitor in Taxane-Naive Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by Morris et al, the phase III PSMAfore trial has shown improved progression-free survival with lutetium-177–labeled PSMA-617 (LuPSMA) vs change in androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) in taxane-naive patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer...
Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy and Proton-Beam Therapy May Offer Equally High Quality of Life and Tumor Control in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer
Two types of contemporary radiation therapy—proton-beam therapy or intensity-modulated radiation therapy—may provide comparable rates of tumor control with no differences in patient-reported quality of life among patients with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, according to new findings...
Immunotherapy/Chemoradiotherapy for Patients With Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Findings of a multi-institutional phase III trial indicated that people with limited-stage small cell lung cancer may benefit from the addition of immunotherapy to chemoradiotherapy, but not if both treatments are given simultaneously, new research finds. The results suggest that the timing of when ...
EMBER: Imlunestrant in Estrogen Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer
In the the phase IA/B dose-escalation and -expansion EMBER study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Jhaveri et al, the next-generation oral selective estrogen receptor degrader imlunestrant (alone and in combination with other targeted therapies) demonstrated a manageable safety...
Cancer and Cancer-Related Therapy May Increase Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Older Cancer Survivors
Investigators have uncovered a higher risk for strokes, heart attacks, and hospital admissions for heart failure in older cancer survivors, according to a recent study published by Muhandiramge et al in Cancer. Background Although advances in cancer treatment have led to decreased mortality rates...
Quality Improvements in Lung Cancer Surgery and Tumor Pathology May Extend Survival Postsurgery
Advancing surgical and pathologic techniques may improve overall survival rates in high-risk patients with lung cancer, according to new findings presented by Akinbobola et al at the 2024 ASCO Quality Care Symposium (Abstract 278). Background “Over the past 15 years, a quality improvement...
Community-Academic Partnership May Successfully Reduce Radon-Related Lung Cancer Risk in Native Population
A community and academic partnership may provide effective education about the risks of radon, testing for radon, mitigating radon in homes with high levels of the chemical, and reducing the risk of developing lung cancer among Native community members residing in Wisconsin, according to new...
Olanzapine May Reduce Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Improve Quality of Life Among Patients With Cancer
Researchers have found that olanzapine may be more effective in controlling severe nausea and improving the quality of life in patients with cancer who are undergoing treatment with chemotherapy, according to new findings presented by Peppone et al at the 2024 ASCO Quality Care Symposium (Abstract...
Cisplatin Shortage Led to Treatment Alternatives for Head and Neck Cancer, Significantly Increasing Cost
The alternative use of the monoclonal antibody cetuximab during the shortage of cisplatin in the treatment of head and neck cancer resulted in a 16% total cost increase, leading to a 144-fold increase in costs at the administrative level, impacting payer costs and patient cost-sharing amounts,...
ACA May Increase Access to Colorectal Cancer Care Among Underserved Groups
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has increased guideline-concordant care for colorectal cancer among non-White patients, those from rural areas, and those from the most deprived neighborhoods in Pennsylvania, according to new findings presented by Kudaravalli et al at the 2024 American Association for ...
Phase III CABINET Trial: Cabozantinib in Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors
Cabozantinib may be effective at improving progression-free survival in patients with previously treated neuroendocrine tumors, according to recent findings presented by Chan et al at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2024 (Abstract 1141O) and simultaneously published in The ...
Risk of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Diabetes
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Ruiz-Esteves et al identified risks for immune checkpoint inhibitor–induced diabetes in patients with cancer. Study Details The retrospective cohort study involved data from 14,328 adult patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the Mass ...
AACR Cancer Progress Report Features Breakthroughs in Cancer Science and Persistent Inequities in Care
The AACR Cancer Progress Report 2024, released on September 18, showcases the extraordinary progress being made against cancer. The report highlights continuing reductions in mortality, which has fallen by 33% between 1991 and 2021, translating into more than 4 million deaths averted from cancer,...
Addition of Palliative Radiotherapy to Best Supportive Care in Painful Hepatic Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Laura A. Dawson, MD, of the University Health Network–Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, and colleagues, the Canadian phase III CCRG HE1 trial showed that the addition of a single fraction of palliative radiotherapy to best supportive care...
NURE-Combo: First Results for a Perioperative Chemoimmunotherapy Approach in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Based on the first results of the single-center phase II NURE-Combo trial, which were reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO) by Mercinelli et al, the combination of neoadjuvant nivolumab plus nab-paclitaxel followed by postsurgical adjuvant nivolumab appeared to be safe and active in...
Cancer Deaths of 5.5 Million Men Worldwide Have Led to 1.41 Million New Paternal Orphans
A preliminary report from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) revealed that, in 2020, 5.5 million men worldwide died from cancer, leading to 1.41 million new paternal orphans. The average age of the children at paternal death was 12 years old. The study by Guida et al is being...
Study Finds Nearly $70 Billion in Socioeconomic Losses Across 11 Countries Attributable to Ovarian Cancer
A study by Hutchinson et al quantifying the socioeconomic burden of ovarian cancer in 11 countries, including the United States, estimates that nearly $70 billion in socioeconomic losses may be attributable to ovarian cancer. Moreover, health expenditures to cover treatment in the first 2 years...
Retifanlimab Plus Chemotherapy May Extend Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Squamous Cell Anal Carcinoma
Retifanlimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy may benefit patients with squamous cell anal carcinoma, according to new findings presented by Rao et al at a presidential symposium at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2024 (Abstract LBA2). Background The incidence of squamous...
LEAP-012: Pembrolizumab Plus Lenvatinib Added to TACE Improved Progression-Free Survival in HCC
According to results of the first interim analysis of the phase III LEAP-012 trial, the anti–PD-1 therapy pembrolizumab plus the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib, in combination with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), significantly improved progression-free survival compared with TACE...
Can AI Tool Improve Detection of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients With Cancer?
Researchers have explored whether an artificial intelligence (AI)-based tool could help to detect immune-related adverse events in patients with cancer, according to a recent study published by Sun et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Background Although immune checkpoint inhibitors can...
Chinese Study Finds Radiation Alone May Be as Effective as Chemoradiation in Patients With Low-Risk Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an aggressive malignant head and neck cancer that is highly prevalent in the southern and southwestern provinces of China. Although the incidence of the cancer is less than 1 per 100,000 in Europe, the United States, and the Pacific,1 data from the International Agency...
Delays in Oral Antimyeloma Treatment Initiation: Role of Social Determinants of Health
A retrospective cohort study published in Blood Cancer Journal by Gasoyan et al revealed discrepancies between the timing of the initiation of any treatment and the fill of prescriptions for oral antimyeloma medications in patients with multiple myeloma, with a lower likelihood of Black and older...
Prescription for Progress: Lancet Oncology Commission’s Practical Strategies for Global Cancer Surgery
In certain regions of the world, cancer claims more lives than HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria combined, yet surgery has been relegated to the sidelines of global health initiatives. This critical need to address global inequities in access to safe, timely, and affordable cancer surgery led to the...
Preclinical Study Examines Novel Pancreatic Cancer Treatment
Early-stage research demonstrated the synergistic effects of a novel nanoparticle drug–delivery system to activate an immune pathway in combination with tumor-targeting agents in mice with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, according to a preclinical study published by Chibaya et al in Science...
Many Women Unaware of Preventive Benefits of Diet for Breast Cancer Risk
Just 28% of U.S. women may be aware that a healthful diet can lower the risk of developing breast cancer, according to a recent survey conducted by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine and Morning Consult. Background The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine is a national...
Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Patients With Breast Cancer
In an Austrian study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Brunner et al identified the incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw over 20 years of follow-up in patients with breast cancer who had bone metastases and were receiving antiresorptive medication. Study Details and...
Pregnancy-Associated Cancer Incidence and Risks of Adverse Obstetric, Perinatal Outcomes
Women with breast cancer during pregnancy may have a good prognosis and a low risk of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes, according to three recent studies published by Lundberg et al in Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, Gkekos et al in ESMO Open, and Lundberg et al in Acta...
Inotuzumab Ozogamicin for Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
On March 6, 2024, the anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody inotuzumab ozogamicin (Besponsa), which is bound to a toxic natural calicheamicin, was approved for pediatric patients aged 1 year or older with relapsed or refractory CD22-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.1 Supporting...
Exercise Program May Improve Symptoms, Quality of Life in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer
Researchers have shown that participating in an exercise program may improve pain, fatigue, and the quality of life in patients with metastatic breast cancer, according to a recent study published by Hiensch et al in Nature Medicine. Background “Although there’s substantial evidence for the...
LIBRETTO-431 Trial Shows Selpercatinib Is Effective in East Asian Patients With RET Fusion–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
A subgroup analysis of data from the LIBRETTO-431 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04194944) showed that the selective RET inhibitor selpercatinib safely improved progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab in East Asian patients diagnosed with RET fusion–positive...
Patients With Rare Cancers May Face Increased Risk of Anxiety and Depression
The risk of developing mental health issues may be higher among patients who have rare cancers compared with those who have common cancers, according to a recent study published by Low et al in eClinicalMedicine. Background Rare cancers—those affecting fewer than 6 out of 100,000 individuals per...
Risk of Suicidal Behavior Among Spouses of Patients With Cancer
The risk of suicidal behavior may be increased among the spouses of patients with cancer, according to a retrospective Danish population-based cohort study reported by Liu et al in JAMA Oncology. Clinical and societal awareness was thus deemed essential, particularly during the first year after...
FDA Approves Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant Durvalumab for Resectable NSCLC
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab (Imfinzi) with platinum-containing chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment followed by single-agent durvalumab as adjuvant treatment after surgery for adults with resectable (tumors ≥ 4 cm and/or node positive)...
Association of Regular Aspirin Use With Colorectal Cancer Risk According to Lifestyle Factors
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Sikavi et al found that regular aspirin use was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer overall and among individuals with less healthy vs more healthy lifestyles. Study Details The prospective cohort study focused on data from 107,655 participants...
Cancer of Unknown Primary: Molecularly Guided Therapy After Disease Control on Platinum-Based Chemotherapy
In the phase II CUPISCO trial reported in The Lancet, Krämer et al found that molecularly guided therapy in patients with unfavorable nonsquamous cancer of unknown primary who had disease control on first-line platinum-based therapy resulted in better progression-free survival vs patients who...
Cancer Screening Estimated to Cost $43 Billion Annually in United States
Cancer screening may cost more than $40 billion annually in the United States, according to a recent study published by Halpern et al in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Study Methods and Results In the recent modeling study, investigators used national health-care survey and cost resources data to ...
FDA Approves IDH1/2 Inhibitor for Certain Patients With Astrocytoma or Oligodendroglioma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved vorasidenib (Voranigo), an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) and -2 (IDH2) inhibitor, for adult and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with grade 2 astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma with a susceptible IDH1 or IDH2 mutation, following...
Radiation Alone May Be as Effective as Chemoradiation in Patients With Low-Risk Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant head and neck cancer that is highly prevalent in the southern and southwestern provinces of China. Although the incidence of the cancer is less than 1 per 100,000 in Europe, the United States, and the Pacific, data from the International...
Selpercatinib in East Asian Patients With RET Fusion–Positive NSCLC: LIBRETTO-431
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, accounting for the highest mortality rates among both men and women. Most lung cancers—between 80% and 85%—are non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and between 1% and 2% of patients are diagnosed with RET-altered NSCLC. The results...
Adjuvant Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib for Stage III BRAF V600–Mutated Melanoma: Final Results of the COMBI-AD Trial
Georgina V. Long, MD, PhD, of the Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, and colleagues reported the final follow-up analysis of the phase III COMBI-AD trial at the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting (Abstract 9500) and published their findings in The New England Journal of Medicine.1...
Heart-Sparing Radiation Therapy Technique in Left-Sided Breast Cancer: Benefits and Costs
A model-based analysis reported in JACC: CardioOncology by Busschaert et al suggested that the heart-sparing deep inspiration breath-hold vs free-breathing radiation therapy technique is cost-effective—despite increasing treatment time—and may improve the long-term cardiovascular health of patients ...
