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Showing 7851 - 7900Study Finds Radiation Therapy After Surgery for Pediatric Ependymoma Improves Survival
RADIATION THERAPY immediately following surgery in children with ependymoma, the third most common pediatric brain tumor, nearly tripled survival, in a Children’s Oncology Group (COG) clinical trial led by Thomas E. Merchant, DO, PhD, Chair of the Department of Radiation Oncology at St. Jude...
Rising Rates of Six Obesity-Related Cancers Among Younger Adults
PHYSICIANS SHOULD routinely assess the body mass index (BMI) of their patients and offer counseling and/or referrals to a nutritionist or dietician to patients with a BMI of > 30 kg/m2, Ahmedin Jemal, DVM, PhD, told The ASCO Post. Those actions plus community-level policies designed to increase...
Preliminary Results Show Activity for Mesothelin‑Directed CAR T-Cell Therapy in Malignant Mesothelioma
A phase I clinical trial showed encouraging results with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeted to the mesothelin protein in patients with mesothelin-associated malignant pleural solid tumors—primarily, malignant mesothelioma—that had progressed following standard platinum-based...
Role of Repeat PET/CT Scans in Ensuring Accuracy of Staging of Locally Advanced NSCLC
Findings from a new study highlight the importance of timing in initial staging positron-emission tomography (PET) and/or computed tomography (CT) scans for patients with locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving chemoradiation therapy.1 According to data presented at the 2019...
Mitigating Frailty and Sarcopenia to Improve Treatment Outcomes in Lung Cancer
Frailty and sarcopenia are common conditions among patients with lung cancer and are linked with decreased survival as well as increased surgical complications, chemotherapy toxicity, and cost of care. If a survey of oncologists at the 2019 Multidisciplinary Thoracic Cancers Symposium is any...
DNA Rearrangement May Predict Treatment Resistance and Poor Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma
A certain type of DNA marker may predict poor outcomes in multiple myeloma, researchers at Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University have found. The marker is a particular rearrangement of chromosomes that is rarely tested for but may indicate resistance to immunomodulatory drugs such as...
Combined Crowd Innovation and AI in Producing Algorithms for Radiotherapy Targeting
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Mak et al found that a crowd innovation contest produced automated artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms “that replicated the skills of a highly trained physician” in segmenting lung tumors for radiotherapy targeting. The investigators also noted...
Low-Dose Tamoxifen vs Placebo in Preventing Local and Contralateral Recurrence in Breast Intraepithelial Neoplasia
In an Italian phase III study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, DeCensi et al found that tamoxifen at 5 mg/d vs placebo for 3 years reduced the risk of recurrence of breast intraepithelial neoplasia and was associated with limited toxicity. As noted by the investigators,...
Well-Deserved Attention on Lung Cancer Screening
SCREENING FOR LUNG CANCER among high-risk groups deserves the attention that Steven E. Vogl, MD, brought to it in his column At Microphone 1 in the February 10 issue of The ASCO Post. Subspecialist oncologists are not always attuned to the needs of their patients outside of their own specialty.1...
Modeling Projections of Global Cervical Cancer Control
In a modeling study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Karen Canfell, DPhil, and colleagues detailed the preventive effects on cervical cancer that could be achieved by scaled-up human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical screening efforts with the aim of disease elimination. The major...
The Boy I Never Knew
The ASCO Post is pleased to reproduce installments of the Art of Oncology as published previously in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. These articles focus on the experience of suffering from cancer or of caring for people diagnosed with cancer, and they include narratives, topical essays,...
Dance/Movement Therapy: Getting to Feelings That Have No Words
Dance/movement therapy is a complementary modality that is being explored for symptom control and for improving the quality of life of patients with cancer, especially pediatric patients. Self-expression as well as the creative and interpersonal aspects of dance/movement therapy can help patients...
Early Studies of Two Regimens Show Benefit in High-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
MORE DATA are in to support early intervention for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma—an early, asymptomatic entity lacking the presence of CRAB criteria (elevated calcium, renal failure, anemia, bone lesions). The latest come from two phase II studies presented at the 2018 American Society of...
Expert Point of View: Joseph Mikhael, MD
PRESS BRIEFING moderator Joseph Mikhael, MD, Professor of Applied Cancer Research and Drug Discovery, Translational Genomics Research Institute, City of Hope Cancer Center in Phoenix, noted that traditional models are based on simplicity, and the scoring system contains few variables. “In an era...
New Model May Improve Prediction of Risk in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
A PERSONALIZED risk-prediction model for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has been developed through the use of a machine-learning approach that analyzes genomic and clinical data for an individual patient. According to lead investigator Aziz Nazha, MD, of the Cleveland Clinic, the model provides...
Expert Point of View: Aaron S. Mansfield, MD
The discussant of the STELLAR trial abstract, Aaron S. Mansfield, MD, a translational scientist at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, called the survival outcomes “very promising” for a trial that included a relatively large population of patients with the more aggressive sarcomatoid variant of...
Tumor-Treating Fields Plus Chemotherapy Improved Survival in Unresectable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
The addition of tumor-treating fields to standard-of-care chemotherapy has been found to be safe and effective in the treatment of unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma. Data presented at the 2019 Multidisciplinary Thoracic Cancers Symposium showed that patients receiving the combination of...
SABR-COMET: Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy vs Standard Palliative Treatment in Oligometastatic Cancers
Results of the phase II SABR-COMET trial reported by Palma et al in The Lancet indicate that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) was associated with improved survival vs standard palliative treatment in patients with oligometastatic cancers, although it was also associated with...
Shared Decision-Making in Lung Cancer Screening: Whence? Whither?
We read with interest a recent article published on ASCOPost.com, which summarized a paper on the role of shared decision-making in lung cancer screening.1,2 The summary and original report highlight a mandate by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) that bears careful...
Perioperative Therapy With FLOT vs ECF/ECX in Locally Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma
In the German phase II/III FLOT4 trial reported in The Lancet, Al-Batran et al found that perioperative therapy with the docetaxel-based triplet FLOT (fluorouracil [5-FU]/leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel) was associated with improved overall survival vs ECF/ECX (epirubicin and cisplatin plus...
Doxepin or Diphenhydramine/Lidocaine/Antacid Mouthwash for Radiotherapy-Related Oral Mucositis Pain
In the phase III Alliance A221304 trial reported in JAMA, Sio et al found that doxepin mouthwash and diphenhydramine/lidocaine/antacid mouthwash reduced oral mucositis pain for the first 4 hours after administration in patients with oral mucositis pain from head and neck radiotherapy, but the...
SUNSHINE Trial: High-Dose Vitamin D May Benefit Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Results of a small clinical trial suggest that supplementing chemotherapy with high doses of vitamin D may benefit patients with metastatic colorectal cancer by delaying progression of the disease. These findings were published by Ng et al in JAMA. Initial trial findings were reported at the 2017...
The Microbiome: The Next Target in Cancer Therapy
With the recent breakthroughs in immunotherapy, treatments that modulate the immune system are now being used across numerous cancer types and across the spectrum of disease with significant success, but not all patients achieve objective responses. There is still a critical need to better...
Tale of Two FLT3 Inhibitors in AML: Gilteritinib and Quizartinib
Data supporting the use of FLT3 inhibitors in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were featured at the 2018 ASH Annual Meeting & Exposition. Gilteritinib was evaluated in combination with induction and consolidation as front-line therapy in newly diagnosed patients with AML,1 and...
Does Intake of Dietary Fat Increase Risk of Skin Cancer?
Dietary intake of fat is associated with several types of cancer, but few studies have explored the link between fat intake and the risk of skin cancer. In a study published by Park et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, researchers examined the relationship between fat intake...
FDA Approves Pembrolizumab Plus Axitinib for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
On April 19, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pembrolizumab (Keytruda) plus axitinib for the first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). KEYNOTE-426 Approval was based on KEYNOTE-426, a randomized, multicenter, open-label trial conducted in ...
Deep-Learning Model May Improve Predictions of Survival and Specific Outcomes in Lung Cancer
A study by Xu et al in Clinical Cancer Research evaluating deep-learning networks that analyze time-series computed tomography (CT) images of patients with locally advanced NSCLC has found these networks can integrate imaging scans at multiple time points to improve clinical outcome...
KEYNOTE-042: Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy in Previously Untreated Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC With PD-L1 Expression ≥ 1%
As reported in The Lancet by Mok et al, the KEYNOTE-042 trial has shown an improvement in overall survival with pembrolizumab vs standard chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without a sensitizing EGFR mutation or ...
Front-Line Dose-Adjusted EPOCH-R vs R-CHOP in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Bartlett et al, the phase III intergroup Alliance/CALGB 50303 trial showed front-line DA-EPOCH-R (dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab) did not improve outcomes vs standard R-CHOP...
Addition of Radiotherapy After Breast-Conserving Surgery Based on Level of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes
In a long-term follow-up of the Swedish Breast Cancer Group 91 Radiotherapy trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kovács et al found that higher levels of stromal tumor–infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and receipt of radiotherapy were independently associated with reduced...
Addition of Bortezomib to R-CHOP in DLBCL Subtypes Identified With Gene-Expression Profiling
In the phase III REMoDL-B trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Davies et al found that the addition of bortezomib to standard R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) did not improve progression-free survival subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma...
KEYNOTE-158: Pembrolizumab in Previously Treated Advanced Cervical Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Chung et al, the phase II KEYNOTE-158 trial showed activity of pembrolizumab in previously treated programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive advanced cervical cancer. The study supported the 2018 accelerated approval of pembrolizumab in this...
Follow-up of Adjuvant Paclitaxel and Trastuzumab in Small HER2-Positive Breast Tumors
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Tolaney et al, 7-year follow-up of the phase II Adjuvant Paclitaxel and Trastuzumab trial showed that adjuvant paclitaxel and trastuzumab were associated with “excellent” outcomes in women with small, node-negative HER2-positive breast...
Lenvatinib in Recurrent or Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
In a single-center phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tchekmedyian et al found that the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib was active in progressive recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma. Study Details In the study, 32 evaluable patients at...
ASTRO Radiation Oncologist Workforce Study Shows Demographic Shifts
The newest study of America’s radiation oncologist workforce finds that gender and racial gaps have narrowed slightly, although persistent and growing geographic disparities point to a need for more equity in access to radiation therapy care. The survey found that fewer radiation oncologists...
American Cancer Society Report Finds Application of Cancer-Reducing Strategies in the United States Is Suboptimal
The latest edition of the American Cancer Society’s (ACS) review on recent cancer prevention and early detection efforts has found that although many strategies have been proven to reduce cancer risk, their application has been suboptimal in the United States, especially in socioeconomically...
Effect of Exercise Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Overweight or Obese Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Lee et al found that an aerobic and resistance exercise intervention reduced Framingham Risk Scores (FRS) for cardiovascular disease among overweight or obese women with early-stage breast cancer. In the single-center trial, 100 women with stage I to III...
Five-Fraction SBRT for Centrally Located, Inoperable NSCLC
In the phase I/II NRG Oncology/RTOG 0813 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bezjak et al found that five-fraction stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) was associated with relatively low rates of serious treatment-related toxicity and good outcomes in patients with centrally...
Niraparib in Late-Line Treatment of Ovarian Cancer
In the phase II QUADRA trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Moore et al found that the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor niraparib was active in fourth- or later-line treatment of ovarian cancer, particularly in patients with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-positive,...
Factors Contributing to Improved Survival Following Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Borderline/Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
A newly published Mayo Clinic study has found that a presurgery treatment plan for patients with borderline/locally advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing total neoadjuvant therapy may improve outcomes. The findings were published by Truty et al in Annals of Surgery. The study followed 194...
Paclitaxel or Cisplatin Plus Fluorouracil in Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer
In the Chinese phase III ESO-Shanghai 1 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chen et al found that paclitaxel plus fluorouracil did not significantly prolong overall survival vs standard cisplatin plus fluorouracil in definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) for locally...
Prophylactic Irradiation of Chest Wall Procedure Sites in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bayman et al found that prophylactic radiotherapy to the chest wall after diagnostic or therapeutic procedures did not reduce the risk of chest wall metastases in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. In the open-label,...
FDA Expands Pembrolizumab Indication for NSCLC in First-Line Setting
Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pembrolizumab (Keytruda) for the first-line treatment of patients with stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are not candidates for surgical resection or definitive chemoradiation, or those with metastatic NSCLC....
ELCC 2019: Immunotherapy in Elderly Patients With Advanced NSCLC
Two studies reported at the European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) 2019 provided new insights on the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in elderly patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although around half of all people newly diagnosed with NSCLC are elderly (Pallis ...
Lung Cancer Organizations Join Forces to Launch GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer
Two nonprofit organizations serving the lung cancer community—the Bonnie J. Addario Lung Cancer Foundation (ALCF) and Lung Cancer Alliance (LCA)—have announced they are joining forces as the GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer. With more than 3 decades of combined expertise, a...
Initiative to Improve Tobacco Cessation Efforts in a Radiation Oncology Department
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Singer et al found that a quality improvement initiative was successful in increasing a radiation oncology department’s efforts in encouraging patients with cancer to cease tobacco use prior to radiation therapy. As noted by the...
Carson Leslie Foundation Joins Forces With ASCO’s Conquer Cancer Foundation to Fight Medulloblastoma
Carson Leslie was a kind, popular, lively teen who loved sports and spending time with his family and friends. He was a devoted student at The Covenant School of Dallas, where he was quarterback on the school’s football team, and he was an active member of Grace Bible Church. He shared a special...
Better Techniques Coming to Breast Cancer Screening
BREAST CANCER SCREENING is no longer “just mammography” but involves a growing list of ever more sophisticated techniques that are improving detection, according to Elizabeth Morris, MD, Professor of Radiology, the Larry Norton Chair, and Chief of the Breast Imaging Service at Memorial Sloan...
Vaccine Plus Trastuzumab in Preventing Recurrence of HER2–Low-Expressing Breast Cancer
IN HIGH-RISK patients with breast cancer and low expression of HER2 (HER2 low), a peptide vaccine targeting HER2, combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and given concurrently with trastuzumab, may help to prevent recurrence. Final analysis of a randomized phase...
Expert Point of View: Michael Morse, MD
FORMAL DISCUSSANT of the abstract presented by Harding et al, Michael Morse, MD, Professor of Medicine at Duke University Medical Center, in Durham, North Carolina, noted that the authors should be commended on a complex dose-escalation strategy that surely required a lot of collaboration among...
