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Showing 651 - 700First Sign of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms May Be in Utero
Genetic mutations linked to myeloproliferative neoplasms emerge in childhood or even in utero, decades before they cause cancer, according to a late-breaking abstract presented at the 2020 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition.1 “Our preliminary findings show these...
Tabaré Vázquez, Former President of Uruguay, Oncologist, and Human Rights Activist, Dies at 80
In 2006, President of Uruguay Dr. Tabaré Vázquez, a radiation oncologist by profession, enacted comprehensive antismoking legislation, eventually leading Uruguay to become the first country in Latin America to prohibit smoking in enclosed public spaces. His bold action drew the ire of international ...
Life and Death Under COVID-19
Victoria was a 79-year-old woman living alone in a London suburb. Having no children of her own, she visited us regularly here in the United States. She was one of three sisters and my sister-in-law. I knew her for more than 50 years, and she always reminded me of Audrey Hepburn, both in looks and ...
2020 FDA Approvals of Drugs for Cancer Treatment
Over the past year (January to December 2020), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval to several novel drugs and new indications for older therapeutic agents used in oncology and hematology. A brief review of new approvals appears here. For complete prescribing information for ...
ESMO Immuno-Oncology 2020: Sintilimab vs Docetaxel for Advanced Squamous NSCLC
Sintilimab provided superior clinical benefit compared to docetaxel in patients with previously treated, advanced and/or metastatic squamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to phase III study findings presented by Shi et al at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)...
Pembrolizumab in Combination With a Therapeutic DNA Vaccine for HPV-Positive Advanced Cervical Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Youn et al, interim results of a Korean phase II trial indicated activity with the combination of pembrolizumab plus the therapeutic DNA vaccine GX-188E in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-16– or HPV-18–positive advanced cervical cancer. GX-188E...
Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy in First-Line Treatment of Microsatellite Instability–High Advanced Colorectal Cancer: KEYNOTE-177 Trial
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, the second interim analysis of the phase III KEYNOTE-177 trial has shown significantly prolonged progression-free survival with pembrolizumab vs fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment of patients with advanced...
Huntsman Cancer Institute Leadership Announces Two New Appointments
Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah recently announced new leadership appointments for two long-standing cancer center members. Chief Academic Officer Brad Cairns, PhD, has accepted an appointment as Chief Academic Officer at HCI. In this new role, Dr. Cairns will lead...
Continued Progression-Free and Overall Survival Superiority of First-Line Pembrolizumab/Axitinib vs Sunitinib
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Thomas Powles, MD, of Barts Cancer Institute, London, and colleagues, extended follow-up of the phase III KEYNOTE-426 trial shows continued progression-free and overall survival superiority with pembrolizumab/axitinib vs sunitinib alone in first-line treatment ...
Progress Report on Checkpoint Inhibitors in Rare Tumors
Immune checkpoint inhibitors may prove to be effective in treating patients with two rare cancer types—leptomeningeal metastases and angiosarcoma, according to early-phase clinical trials reported at the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC), which was held virtually ...
An Early Love of the Duck-Billed Platypus Sparks a Career in Cancer Research
Elaine R. Mardis, PhD, Co-Director of the Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, was born and reared in North Platte, a small city located in the west-central part of Nebraska. “My love of science was sparked and nurtured by my father, who was a chemistry professor for...
ASH 2020: Early Signs of Risk for Myeloproliferative Neoplasms May Appear in Childhood or in Utero
Genetic mutations linked to myeloproliferative neoplasms may emerge in childhood or even in utero, decades before they cause cancer, according to a late-breaking abstract presented today at the 2020 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition by Jyoti Nangalia, MBBChir, and ...
FDA Pipeline: Agents in DLBCL, SCLC, AML, and More
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued regulatory decisions for agents to treat diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), biliary tract cancer, and graft-vs-host disease. Priority Review for Loncastuximab Tesirine...
No Benefit of Adjuvant Sorafenib in Intermediate- or High-Risk Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a phase III trial (SORCE) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tim Eisen, FMedSci, FRCP, PhD, of Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and colleagues found no disease-free survival benefit with 3 years of sorafenib vs placebo as adjuvant therapy in patients with renal...
Venetoclax in Combination Therapy for Untreated Acute Myeloid Leukemia
On October 16, 2020, venetoclax was granted regular approval for use in combination with azacitidine, decitabine, or low-dose cytarabine for the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults aged 75 years or older or those with comorbidities precluding intensive induction...
Pembrolizumab in Adult and Pediatric Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On October 14, 2020, the approval of pembrolizumab was...
Use of Pembrolizumab in Advanced Pleural Mesothelioma: Results From KEYNOTE-158
The largest single-arm trial evaluating pembrolizumab in relapsed malignant pleural mesothelioma has demonstrated an “impressive” duration of response, according to a presentation during the virtual edition of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2020 North America...
ESMO Asia 2020: First-Line Sintilimab Plus Bevacizumab Biosimilar for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Sintilimab, an anti–PD-1 antibody, in combination with a bevacizumab biosimilar as first-line therapy significantly improved survival compared to sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, according to findings presented by Ren et al at the ESMO Asia Virtual Congress 2020...
Pembrolizumab Plus Bevacizumab and Oral Metronomic Cyclophosphamide for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
In a single-institution phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Zsiros et al found that the combination of pembrolizumab with bevacizumab and oral metronomic cyclophosphamide produced objective response in approximately half of women with recurrent ovarian cancer taking part in the study....
Addition of Irinotecan to Neoadjuvant Capecitabine Chemoradiation Guided by UGT1A1 Genotype in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zhu et al found that the addition of irinotecan to neoadjuvant capecitabine chemoradiation (CapIriRT)—with irinotecan dosing guided by UGT1A1 genotype—followed by capecitabine/irinotecan (XELIRI) significantly improved...
FDA Grants Accelerated Approval to Pembrolizumab for Locally Recurrent Unresectable or Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
On November 13, 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with locally recurrent unresectable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer whose tumors express PD-L1...
Jame Abraham, MD, FACP, Named Deputy Editor of JCO Oncology Practice
Jame Abraham, MD, FACP, has been named Deputy Editor of ASCO’s JCO Oncology Practice (JCO OP). Dr. Abraham is Chairman of the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology at Cleveland Clinic and Professor of Medicine at Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine. The mission of JCO OP, now in...
Second-Line Pembrolizumab Improves Overall Survival vs Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Esophageal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Takashi Kojima, MD, of the National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan, and colleagues, the phase III KEYNOTE-181 trial has shown that second-line pembrolizumab improved overall survival vs the investigator choice of chemotherapy in...
Huntsman Cancer Institute Names New Chief Academic Officer and Senior Director of Basic Science
Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah recently announced leadership appointments for two long-standing cancer center members. Brad Cairns, PhD, has accepted an appointment as Chief Academic Officer at HCI, and Alana Welm, PhD, has accepted an appointment as Senior Director of...
Cancer on the Global Stage: Incidence and Cancer-Related Mortality in Chile
Chile has a population of approximately 19 million living predominantly in urban areas (87.7%), with a population density of 66 inhabitants per square mile.1 For the year 2020, approximately 12% of its population was older than 65 years.1 Socioeconomic Trends and Cancer The country has experienced ...
Extended Follow-up of KEYNOTE-426: First-Line Pembrolizumab/Axitinib vs Sunitinib in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, and colleagues, extended follow-up of the phase III KEYNOTE-426 trial shows continued progression-free and overall survival superiority with pembrolizumab/axitinib vs sunitinib in the first-line treatment of advanced renal cell...
Impactful 2020 Virtual Advocacy Summit: New Environment, Same Goals
The Association for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) held its first-ever virtual Advocacy Summit and online Week of Action September 9–18, 2020. The largest Advocacy Summit to date, 170 ASCO volunteer leaders and oncology care providers participated in 200 virtual meetings with members of Congress and...
Advanced Melanoma: Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab After Disease Progression on Anti–PD-1 Therapy
Checkpoint inhibitors can be lifesaving for many patients with advanced melanoma, but those who experience disease progression currently have few treatment options. The combination of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and an anti–PD-1 agent may offer some hope in this setting, according to a study of...
First-Line Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy Improves Survival in Esophageal Cancer
As first-line therapy for advanced esophageal cancer, pembrolizumab added to chemotherapy improved overall survival in the KEYNOTE-590 population. Not only did patients with high PD-L1 expression benefit, the value of checkpoint inhibition was observed for the whole population, the trial’s...
First-Line Pembrolizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Quality of Life Also Improved
In KEYNOTE-177, the anti–PD-L1 antibody pembrolizumab reduced the risk of disease progression by 40% vs chemotherapy in a targeted subset of previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Now, in terms of health-related quality of life, pembrolizumab is also the clear favorite,...
Early-Phase Study Reports Progress in Targeting KRAS-Mutated Tumors With Sotorasib
Although KRAS is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human cancers, an almost 4-decade long search for drugs that hit this target has been elusive—until now. Sotorasib (formerly called AMG-510), a small-molecule inhibitor of the KRAS G12C mutation, demonstrated clinical activity and...
Should Body Mass Index Guide the Choice of Chemotherapy in Patients With Breast Cancer?
The rate of obesity is rising dramatically in the United States and Europe, with more than 60% of women in the United States1,2 and 50% of women in Europe3 classified as overweight or obese based on their body mass index (BMI). Obesity is associated with an increased risk of hormone...
FDA Approves Remdesivir for Patients With COVID-19 Requiring Hospitalization
On October 22, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the antiviral drug remdesivir (Veklury) for use in adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older and weighing at least 40 kg for the treatment of COVID-19 requiring hospitalization. Remdesivir should only be administered...
Camrelizumab Plus Apatinib in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Cervical Cancer
In the Chinese phase II CLAP study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lan et al found that the combination of the anti–PD-1 antibody camrelizumab and the VEGFR inhibitor apatinib produced high response rates in previously treated women with advanced cervical cancer. Study Details The...
Long-Term Benefit of Adjuvant Immunotherapy Sustained in Stage III or IV Melanoma
The benefit of anti–PD-1 antibodies in the adjuvant treatment of patients with stage III or stage IV melanoma continues to be observed at around 4 years for both pembrolizumab and nivolumab, according to updates of pivotal trials presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Virtual ...
FDA Extends the Approval of Pembrolizumab for Patients With Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
On October 14, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) extended the approval of pembrolizumab (Keytruda) for the following indications: Adult patients with relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma Pediatric patients with refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma or classical Hodgkin...
New Study Offers a Global Review of the Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Treatment and Research
A recent review of scientific literature showed that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted virtually every aspect of cancer care and research—from introducing new risks for patients to disrupting the delivery of treatment and the continuity of research. The report, published by Ziad Bakouny, MD, and...
KEYNOTE-181 Trial: Second-Line Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy in Advanced Esophageal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Takashi Kojima, MD, and colleagues, the phase III KEYNOTE-181 trial has shown that second-line pembrolizumab improved overall survival vs investigator’s choice of chemotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer with a PD-L1...
Addition of Nivolumab to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Resectable Stage IIIA NSCLC
In the Spanish phase II NADIM trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Provencio et al found that the addition of nivolumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the use of adjuvant nivolumab were associated with high 24-month rates of progression-free survival in patients with resectable stage IIIA...
Pralsetinib for NSCLC With RET Gene Fusions
On September 4, 2020, pralsetinib (Gavreto) was granted accelerated approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of adults with metastatic RET fusion–positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as detected by an FDA-approved test.1,2 The FDA simultaneously approved the...
Red Flag Presentations of Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis in Patients With Multiple Myeloma
The ASCO Post is pleased to present Hematology Expert Review, an ongoing feature that occasionally quizzes readers on issues in hematology. In this installment, the authors highlight the most common type of systemic amyloidosis in the United States: immunoglobulin light chain [or amyloid light...
Emerging Alternatives in the Third-Line Setting for Metastatic HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the post-trastuzumab era, a number of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved targeted agents for metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer are available, but there is no preferred option for third-line treatment and beyond. At the 2019 Chemotherapy Foundation Symposium, Shanu Modi, MD,...
Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: All Eyes on These Novel Agents
New agents for the treatment of advanced HER2-positive breast cancer should be coming soon to your clinic, according to Sara A. Hurvitz, MD, Director of the Breast Cancer Clinical Research Program and Associate Professor of Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of...
Benefit of Pembrolizumab in High-Risk Stage III Melanoma: 3-Year Follow-up
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Alexander M.M. Eggermont, MD, PhD, and colleagues, adjuvant pembrolizumab maintained a significant recurrence-free survival benefit vs placebo in patients with high-risk stage III melanoma after a median 3-year follow-up in the phase III EORTC...
Does Pembrolizumab Monotherapy Demonstrate Benefit in Rare Sarcomas?
Pembrolizumab monotherapy induced responses in patients with rare sarcomas that varied by histotype, according to findings presented by Jean-Yves Blay, MD, at the ESMO Virtual Congress 2020 (Abstract 1619O). Methods Dr. Blay presented first results from a cohort of patients with rare sarcomas in...
Pembrolizumab Produces Durable Responses in Recurrent or Metastatic Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Jean-Jacques Grob, MD, PhD, of Aix-Marseille University, France, and colleagues, the first interim analysis of the phase II KEYNOTE-629 trial has shown the achievement of durable responses with pembrolizumab treatment of recurrent or metastatic...
Applications of Circulating Tumor DNA Liquid Biopsy Continue to Expand in Lymphomas
Liquid biopsies using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have the potential to personalize medicine for patients with lymphoma, going beyond traditional markers and risk factors to provide dynamic assessments over time. Expanded applications of ctDNA liquid biopsy beyond diagnosis include early response ...
Association of Tumor Mutational Burden With Response to Pembrolizumab in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
A prospective biomarker analysis of the multicohort phase II KEYNOTE-158 trial reported by Marabelle et al in The Lancet Oncology found that patients with previously treated advanced solid tumors were more likely to respond to pembrolizumab monotherapy if they had high tissue tumor mutational...
First-Line Checkpoint Inhibitors May Improve Survival in Gastroesophageal Cancers
Immune therapy for advanced gastroesophageal cancer has taken a leap forward by showing its value in the first-line setting, according to two studies in which nivolumab and pembrolizumab, both given with chemotherapy, significantly improved overall survival vs chemotherapy alone. The studies,...
Maintenance Avelumab Plus Best Supportive Care in Advanced Bladder Cancer
Findings from the JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial were published by Thomas Powles, MD, and colleagues in The New England Journal of Medicine. Researchers reported that the PD-L1 inhibitor avelumab led to a 31% reduction in risk of death, and extended median survival by more than 7 months in patients with ...
