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Showing 6151 - 6200Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors With Risk of Subsequent Cancer
In a study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Emily S. Lau, MD, and colleagues found that the presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors was significantly associated with an increased risk of future cancer, although no increased risk was observed among individuals who had a history of...
Hybrid Minimally Invasive vs Open Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: 5-Year Outcomes
In long-term follow-up of the French phase III MIRO trial reported in JAMA Surgery, Nuytens et al found no significant difference in 5-year overall or disease-free survival with hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy vs open esophagectomy in patients with esophageal cancer. In the multicenter...
Immunotherapy Doublet as Maintenance Therapy for Extensive-Disease SCLC
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Taofeek K. Owonikoko, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase III CheckMate 451 trial showed no improvement in overall survival with combined nivolumab and ipilimumab vs placebo as maintenance therapy for extensive-disease small cell lung cancer. Study ...
Circulating Hybrid Cells May Help to Monitor Treatment Response in Patients With Rectal and Esophageal Cancers
An analysis of 58 peripheral blood specimens from patients with rectal and esophageal cancers demonstrated that circulating hybrid cells may be a novel, noninvasive biomarker with potential for monitoring treatment response and disease progression to help guide decisions for further therapy,...
Umbralisib for Relapsed or Refractory Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Nathan H. Fowler, MD, and colleagues, the phase IIb UNITY-NHL trial has shown that the dual PI3Kδ/casein kinase (CK) 1ε inhibitor umbralisib produced durable responses in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The study ...
FDA Pipeline: Priority Review for Kidney Cancer Treatment, Fast Track Designation for NSCLC Treatment
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Priority Review to the HIF-2α inhibitor belzutifan for the treatment of patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease–associated renal cell carcinoma. The agency also granted Fast Track designation to poziotinib for the treatment of...
Using CT Colonography as a Noninvasive Colorectal Cancer Screening Test for Advanced Neoplasia
According to a report published by Pickhardt et al in the American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR), compared with multitarget stool DNA and fecal immunochemical tests, computed tomography (CT) colonography using a polyp size threshold ≥ 10 mm most effectively targeted advanced neoplasia—preserving...
Whole-Genome Sequencing vs Cytogenetic Analysis in Myeloid Cancers
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Duncavage et al found that whole-genome sequencing in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) provided rapid genomic profiling that improved diagnostic yield vs conventional cytogenetic analysis, as...
Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy in Previously Treated Patients With Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: KEYNOTE-119
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Eric P. Winer, MD, FASCO, and colleagues, the phase III KEYNOTE-119 trial showed no significant improvement in overall survival with pembrolizumab vs investigator’s choice of chemotherapy in the second- or third-line treatment of metastatic triple-negative...
High Tumor Mutational Burden Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Some—but Not All—Cancers
High tumor mutational burden (TMB) was useful for predicting clinical responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors only in a subset of cancer types, according to a study published by McGrail et al in Annals of Oncology. The findings suggest that TMB status may not be reliably used as a universal...
Study Identifies Factors That May Lower the Risk of CNS Relapse in Pediatric Patients With ALL
Starting chemotherapy several days before the first lumbar puncture for diagnosis and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) may reduce the risk of central nervous system (CNS) relapse in children, according to a study published by Tang et al in the journal Blood. The research focused on...
Secondary Cytoreduction Plus Chemotherapy vs Chemotherapy Alone in Relapsed Platinum-Sensitive Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
In a Chinese phase III trial (SOC-1) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Shi et al found that secondary cytoreduction followed by chemotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs chemotherapy alone in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer. No significant...
Novel HER2-Targeted Therapies Pose Sequencing Challenges
With three new HER2-targeted therapies approved in the past 15 months alone, the treatment landscape for patients with metastatic breast cancer has become increasingly crowded. In the third-line setting and beyond, there are now at least eight HER2-targeted agents approved by the U.S. Food and Drug ...
CheckMate 9ER: First-Line Nivolumab Plus Cabozantinib vs Sunitinib for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Toni K. Choueiri, MD, and colleagues, the phase III CheckMate 9ER trial has shown that the combination of nivolumab and cabozantinib improved progression-free survival and overall survival vs sunitinib in first-line treatment of patients with...
High- vs Standard-Dose Thoracic Radiotherapy for Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Grønberg et al found that use of high-dose vs standard-dose twice daily thoracic radiotherapy as part of first-line chemoradiotherapy was associated with significantly improved overall survival and similar toxicity in patients with limited-stage...
Study Finds Regularly Drinking Sugar-Sweetened Soda May Increase Total and Breast Cancer Mortality
New research published by Koyratty et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention suggests that patients with breast cancer who drink sugar-sweetened beverages regularly are at increased risk for death from any cause, and from breast cancer in particular. Compared to women who never or...
Expect Questions From Older Breast Cancer Survivors About Discontinuing Routine Surveillance Mammography
Consensus guidelines recommending that routine surveillance mammography be discontinued for older breast cancer survivors with a limited life expectancy1 may raise questions among patients concerned about undetected cancer recurrence. Informing older survivors about the new recommendations and the...
Older Breast Cancer Survivors May Consider Discontinuing Screening Mammography in the Setting of Limited Life Expectancy
Newly issued mammography screening guidelines for breast cancer survivors aged 75 and older recommend discontinuing routine mammography for those with a life expectancy of less than 5 years and considering discontinuation of routine screening for those with a life expectancy between 5 and 10 years. ...
New Survey Reveals Hesitancy Around COVID-19 Vaccination Among Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Survivors
A survey of more than 6,500 U.S. patients with blood cancer and survivors revealed that only half are very likely to get a COVID-19 vaccine, while one in three is either unlikely or unsure about it. The nationwide survey was a collaboration between The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS), Boston...
Why Might Night-Shift Workers Have a Higher Risk of Developing Cancer?
New clues as to why night-shift workers are at an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer were uncovered in a new study published by Koritala et al in the Journal of Pineal Research. The study involved a controlled laboratory experiment that used healthy volunteers who were on...
Meta-analysis of Intermediate Clinical Endpoints as Surrogates for Overall Survival in Localized Prostate Cancer
In a meta-analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gharzai et al found that commonly used intermediate clinical endpoints in clinical trials in localized prostate cancer do not correlate well with overall survival, apart from metastasis-free survival—supporting the establishment of metastasis-free ...
Immunotherapy for Advanced Kidney Cancer: Effect of Body Mass Index
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Lalani et al found that higher body mass index (BMI) was associated with better overall survival among patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving anti–PD-1/PD-L1–based immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. No association of...
Weight Gain in Childhood Brain Tumor Survivors and Potential Association With Hypothalamic-Pituitary Dysfunction
In a Dutch study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, van Schaik et al found that significant weight gain and being overweight and/or obese are common in childhood brain tumor survivors and may be associated with hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. Study Details The study involved data...
Responses to Conjugate Pneumococcal Vaccine in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
In an Italian study reported in Leukemia, Mauro et al found that only a small minority of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) developed an adequate immune response to pneumococcal vaccination, with response being more likely in patients who were younger, had previously untreated and...
Effect of Risk-Adapted Therapy on Long-Term Morbidity in Pediatric Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma
In an analysis from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kevin C. Oeffinger, MD, and colleagues found that adoption of risk-adapted therapy in the 1990s was associated with reduced risk of serious chronic health conditions in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma...
New Study Finds Muscle Mass and Density Are Correlated With Survival and Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Cancer
New research published by van Seventer et al in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network has found that muscle mass was correlated with survival, while muscle radiodensity was associated with symptom burden, health-care use, and survival in patients with advanced cancer undergoing ...
FDA Approves Tivozanib for Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
On March 10, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved tivozanib (Fotivda), a kinase inhibitor, for adult patients with relapsed or refractory advanced renal cell carcinoma following two or more prior systemic therapies. TIVO-3 Efficacy was evaluated in TIVO-3 (ClinicalTrials.gov...
Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab in Lung Cancer: LCMC3 Trial Meets Primary Endpoint
Neoadjuvant treatment with single-agent atezolizumab in patients with stage IB to IIIB lung cancer resulted in a major pathologic response rate of 21% and a pathologic complete response rate of 7%, in the primary analysis of the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium 3 (LCMC3) study.1 The findings were...
Belantamab Mafodotin-blmf Plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone Elicits Responses in Myeloma
Belantamab mafodotin-blmf combined with pomalidomide and dexamethasone led to a very good partial response or better in approximately three-quarters of patients with multiple myeloma that was double-class or triple-class refractory, according to Suzanne Trudel, MSc, MD, FRCPC, of Princess Margaret...
In Cholangiocarcinoma, Does Chemotherapy Response Vary According to FGFR2 Status?
With inhibitors of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion and other genetic alterations now in clinical trials for cholangiocarcinoma, there is interest in better understanding what FGFR2 genetic alterations mean for patients. In particular, little is known about the effects of FGFR2...
Study Finds More Than Half of Cancer Survivors Have Underlying Medical Conditions Associated With Developing Severe COVID-19
A new study found that more than half (56.4%) of cancer survivors in the United States reported having additional underlying medical conditions associated with severe COVID-19 illness.1 The report, appearing in JNCI: The Journal of the National Cancer Institute, suggests that the prevalence of...
Fallout From COVID-19: Decline in Cancer Screening and Increase in Cancer-Related Deaths
Various studies at institutions in the United States and abroad have shown a substantial decline in cancer screening rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that fewer cancers will be detected by screening and when they do manifest, they will be at more advanced stages. Indeed,...
Expert Point of View: Rina Hui, MBBS, PhD, and Melina Marmarelis, MD
“It has been a long time coming to see a positive randomized phase III study with a checkpoint inhibitor in relapsed mesothelioma,” said the study’s invited discussant, Rina Hui, MBBS, PhD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney,...
CONFIRM Trial Reports Improvement in Survival With Nivolumab in Relapsed Malignant Mesothelioma
For the first time, a treatment has been shown to improve overall survival in heavily pretreated patients with relapsed malignant mesothelioma. In the phase III CONFIRM trial, single-agent nivolumab led to a significant improvement in both overall and progression-free survival, according to...
Once-Weekly Selinexor Plus Bortezomib/Dexamethasone vs Twice-Weekly Bortezomib/Dexamethasone in Multiple Myeloma
As reported in The Lancet by Sebastian Grosicki, MD, of the Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, and colleagues, the phase III BOSTON trial has shown significantly prolonged progression-free survival with once-weekly selinexor plus bortezomib/dexamethasone vs twice-weekly...
Studies Provide Guidance on the Use of Blinatumomab in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Monotherapy with blinatumomab as consolidation therapy before allogeneic stem cell transplant appears to be the optimal treatment for children with high-risk first-relapse B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to an international phase III trial that compared this approach...
Crizotinib for Children and Young Adults With Relapsed or Refractory Systemic ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
On January 14, 2021, crizotinib was approved for treatment of pediatric patients 1 year of age and older and young adults with relapsed or refractory systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) that is ALK-positive.1,2 The safety and efficacy of crizotinib have not been established in older...
Tepotinib for Metastatic NSCLC With MET Exon 14–Skipping Alterations
On February 3, 2021, tepotinib was granted accelerated approval for treatment of adult patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14–skipping alterations.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was supported by findings from the...
Overcoming Gender Disparity in Evaluating Sexual Health Following a Cancer Diagnosis
The results from a recent study showcase the disturbing prevalence of sexual dysfunction as a treatment side effect of cancer and gender disparity in how the problem is addressed by physicians.1 The study, conducted by James Taylor, MD, MPH, Chief Resident in the Department of Radiation Oncology at ...
Novel Therapies Under Study in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
“There is progress whether ye are going forward or backward! The thing is to move.” —Edgar Cayce To complement The ASCO Post’s continued comprehensive coverage of the 2020 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, here are a few abstracts selected from the meeting...
The Emerging Role of Exercise in Cancer Prevention and Treatment
The holistic benefits derived from exercise in preventing and ameliorating chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes are well documented. However, less is known about the salutary effects exercise may have across the cancer setting, especially during treatment....
Updated Analysis of Outcomes With Entrectinib for Advanced ROS1 Fusion–Positive NSCLC
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Rafal Dziadziuszko, MD, and colleagues, an updated integrated analysis of three phase I or II trials of entrectinib in patients with advanced ROS1-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) indicated that treatment continues to be associated with...
Outcomes With Internal Mammary and Medial Supraclavicular Nodal Irradiation in Stage I to III Breast Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Philip M. Poortmans, PhD, Department of Radiation Oncology of the Iridium Netwerk and the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, and colleagues, 15-year outcomes of the phase III EORTC 22922/10925 trial show continued reduction in...
Complete Mesocolic Excision vs D2 Dissection in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colectomy for Right-Sided Colon Cancer
In an analysis of early safety outcomes in a Chinese phase III trial (RELARC) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Xu et al found similar surgical complication rates with complete mesocolic excision vs D2 dissection in patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy for right-sided colon cancer. The...
Expert Point of View: John C. Krauss, MD
Invited discussant John C. Krauss, MD, Medical Oncology Director of the Multidisciplinary Colorectal Cancer Clinic, Rogel Cancer Center of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, said he was impressed by the “rapidity with which the NRG-GI002 trial accrued,” which was about 10 months.1 “Equally...
Study Reports Little Benefit to Adding Pembrolizumab to Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
The addition of pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (ie, total neoadjuvant therapy) failed to improve a rectal cancer–specific surrogate for survival in patients with locally advanced disease in the phase II NRG-GI002 trial.1 As reported at the 2021 Gastrointestinal Cancers...
Childhood Cancer Survivors and Health-Care Providers Satisfied With Video Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic
When the COVID-19 pandemic limited in-person medical checkups last year, Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center offered video visits for the first time for long-term follow-up appointments for childhood cancer survivors. Due to the pandemic, virtual visits were adopted...
FDA Pipeline: Designations in Ovarian, Head/Neck, and Thyroid Cancers
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Fast Track designation to a novel immunotherapy for the treatment of ovarian cancer as well as Breakthrough Therapy designation to treatments for HRAS-mutant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and previously treated thyroid cancer....
Increase in Diagnosis of Node-Positive and Stage III Breast Cancer After Screening Interruption Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic
A new report from Italy published by Toss et al in ESMO Open noted an increase in diagnoses of node-positive and stage III breast cancer after a 2-month interruption in breast cancer screening due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings support recommendations for a quick restoration of breast...
Idecabtagene Vicleucel for Heavily Pretreated Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In the pivotal phase II KarMMa study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Nikhil C. Munshi, MD, and colleagues found that the B-cell maturation antigen–directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy idecabtagene vicleucel produced high response rates in patients with...
