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Showing 5551 - 5600Physician-Patient Relationship: Sacred and Sacrosanct
There are many relationships we build at work in our entire lifetime. Some are good, a few are not, and many are somewhere in between. But of all the relationships we are fortunate enough to build, there is no relationship more valuable and gratifying than the one between a physician and a ...
Cardiovascular Risks Associated With Checkpoint Inhibitors and CAR T-Cell Therapy
In just a few years, immunotherapy has risen to become a pillar of cancer care, leading to significantly improved response rates and even cures in previously intractable diseases. Leveraging the immune system to treat cancer, however, also increases the potential for serious off-target effects....
Distant Metastasis–Free Survival With Adjuvant vs No Adjuvant Chemotherapy According to Genomic and Clinical Risk in Early Breast Cancer
In an updated analysis of the European phase III MINDACT trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Martine Piccart, MD, and colleagues found confirmatory evidence of the initial finding of a high rate of distant metastasis–free survival among patients with high–clinical-risk but low–genomic-risk...
No Benefit Found for Everolimus Plus Adjuvant Hormone Therapy in High-Risk Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Everolimus plus hormone therapy improves outcomes in the advanced disease setting but apparently not in the adjuvant setting, according to the results of the UNIRAD trial, presented as a part of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Virtual Plenary program.1 “In the UNIRAD study, after...
Lenvatinib/Pembrolizumab Combination Improves Outcomes vs Sunitinib in Renal Cell Carcinoma
The combination of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab was superior to sunitinib for progression-free and overall survival as well as other key endpoints in patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), according to results of the phase III CLEAR trial presented at the 2021 Genitourinary ...
Surgical Management of Melanoma With the Advent of Adjuvant Systemic Therapy
The results of a large cohort study suggest that a proportion of patients with cutaneous melanoma could potentially avoid sentinel node biopsy, according to data presented by Moncrieff et al at the Society of Surgical Oncology 2021 International Conference on Surgical Cancer Care (Abstract 59)....
Study Establishes Global Burden of Gallbladder and Biliary Tract Cancer
Although cancers of the gallbladder or bile ducts are rare, their rates of occurrence are increasing. A recent study published by Ouyang et al in the journal Cancer provided details on the burden of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer across 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017....
Factors Associated With Severity of COVID-19 Infection in Patients With Cancer: Data From CCC19
Updated findings from a cohort of patients with cancer infected with COVID-19 included in the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) were published by Petros Grivas, MD, PhD, and colleagues in Annals of Oncology. Authors identified factors associated with a more severe viral infection among...
Olaparib for Previously Treated Patients With Pancreatic Cancer and DDR Genetic Alterations Other Than BRCA Variants
Combined results of two parallel phase II studies reported in JAMA Oncology by Milind Javle, MD, and colleagues indicated that olaparib may have therapeutic value in previously treated patients with platinum-sensitive pancreatic ductal carcinoma with DNA damage repair (DDR) genetic alterations...
Analysis From the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group Update Consortium
In an analysis of a modern cohort of patients with metastatic seminoma reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Beyer et al, members of the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) Update Consortium, found that progression-free and overall survival have improved compared...
FDA Approves Pembrolizumab Combination for Advanced Esophageal or Gastroesophageal Junction Carcinoma
On March 22, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in combination with platinum and fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy for patients with metastatic or locally advanced esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (tumors with epicenter 1–5 cm above the...
KRAS Mutation Status May Predict Outcomes After Hepatic Arterial Infusion Pump Therapy for Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases
KRAS mutational status in patients with unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer predicts a worse response to hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) pump chemotherapy, according to research presented by Kolbeinsson et al at the Society of Surgical Oncology 2021 International Conference on...
Niraparib Plus Bevacizumab Shows Clinical Benefit in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer
The addition of niraparib maintenance to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy with bevacizumab demonstrated clinical benefit in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, according to data from the OVARIO study presented by Melissa M. Hardesty, MD, MPH, during the Society of Gynecologic Oncology...
Patient Refusal of Provider-Recommended Locoregional Treatment for Prostate Cancer: Sociodemographic Factors
In a study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Dee et al found that the rate of refusal of provider-recommended locoregional treatment for localized prostate adenocarcinoma has increased over time, with Black and Asian men with intermediate- or higher-risk disease being more likely to refuse such...
Hormonal IUD May Be a Potential Nonsurgical Treatment for Early Endometrial Cancer or Precancer
An intrauterine device, or IUD, that releases the hormone levonorgestrel appears to be an effective treatment for endometrial precancer and early-stage endometrial cancer, according to new study results presented by Andreas Obermair, MD, at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2021 Virtual...
Phase III ARIEL4 Trial Confirms Benefit of Rucaparib in BRCA-Mutated Relapsed Ovarian Cancer
In patients with BRCA-mutated, advanced, relapsed ovarian cancer, treatment with the PARP (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase) inhibitor rucaparib led to a significant improvement in progression-free survival compared with standard-of-care chemotherapy. These results from the international phase III...
Morcos N. Nakhla, MS, on Surgical Outcomes for Frail Patients With Ovarian Cancer
Morcos N. Nakhla, MS, a second-year student at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, discusses data showing that a higher surgical volume is associated with better outcomes for frail patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer. Over the 12-year study period, mortality decreased for all...
Recent Chemotherapy or Immunotherapy for Gynecologic Cancer Does Not Raise Risk of Death Due to COVID-19
Although some studies show that patients with cancer have a greater risk of health complications from COVID-19, a new study has found that recent chemotherapy or immunotherapy for gynecologic cancer does not raise the risk of hospitalization or death due to COVID-19. The study results were...
PARP Inhibition Shows Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Regardless of Number of Prior Lines of Chemotherapy, BRCA Mutation Status
Treatment with olaparib is safe and effective for patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer, regardless of the number of prior lines of chemotherapy received and BRCA mutation status, according to data presented from the phase II LIGHT study by Karen A. Cadoo, MD, at the Society of...
Pembrolizumab/Lenvatinib May Improve Survival in Advanced Endometrial Cancer
In the first report from the pivotal phase III KEYNOTE-775/Study 309 trial, the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab significantly improved multiple outcomes compared to standard single-agent chemotherapy in patients with advanced, metastatic, or recurrent endometrial cancer that had...
DCIS Biologic Risk Signature May Predict Risk of Recurrence and Radiation Benefit After Breast-Conserving Surgery
Women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and elevated decision scores had a significantly higher risk of ipsilateral breast events and a greater relative benefit from radiation therapy compared to women with lower decision scores, according to research presented by Mann et al at the Society of...
Utilization and Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Immunotherapy for Resected High-Risk Stage II Melanoma
An observational study of 10,592 patients from the National Cancer Database with stage IIB/IIC melanoma who had undergone surgical resection demonstrated a significant survival advantage with immunotherapy. The research was presented by Wong et al at the Society of Surgical Oncology 2021...
Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors With Risk of Subsequent Cancer
In a study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Emily S. Lau, MD, and colleagues found that the presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors was significantly associated with an increased risk of future cancer, although no increased risk was observed among individuals who had a history of...
Noncovalent BTK Inhibitor Pirtobrutinib in Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Malignancies
In the phase I/II BRUIN trial reported in The Lancet, Anthony R. Mato, MD, and colleagues found that the noncovalent Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor pirtobrutinib produced durable responses in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies, including those previously treated with ...
Shivan J. Mehta, MD, MBA, on Preventing and Controlling HPV-Associated Cancers
Shivan J. Mehta, MD, MBA, of Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania, discusses how insights from behavioral economics could be harnessed to improve HPV vaccination rates, thus lowering the rate of cervical, genital, and head/neck cancers, all of which are linked to HPV.
FDA Approves TheraSphere Y-90 Glass Microspheres for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved TheraSphere Y-90 Glass Microspheres, developed for the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The approval expands access to this therapy, which, to date, has been utilized under a humanitarian device exemption—an FDA...
Use of Chemotherapy and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Akushevich et al found that receipt of chemotherapy was associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease in colorectal cancer survivors. As stated by the investigators, “Evidence on the nature of the relationship between...
Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review of Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer
In an analysis of updated evidence on low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer reported in JAMA, Jonas et al found that screening can reduce lung cancer mortality but may be associated with a range of potential harms. The analysis was performed to inform the new U.S. Preventive...
Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy in Previously Treated Patients With Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: KEYNOTE-119
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Eric P. Winer, MD, FASCO, and colleagues, the phase III KEYNOTE-119 trial showed no significant improvement in overall survival with pembrolizumab vs investigator’s choice of chemotherapy in the second- or third-line treatment of metastatic triple-negative...
High Tumor Mutational Burden Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Some—but Not All—Cancers
High tumor mutational burden (TMB) was useful for predicting clinical responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors only in a subset of cancer types, according to a study published by McGrail et al in Annals of Oncology. The findings suggest that TMB status may not be reliably used as a universal...
Study Identifies Factors That May Lower the Risk of CNS Relapse in Pediatric Patients With ALL
Starting chemotherapy several days before the first lumbar puncture for diagnosis and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) may reduce the risk of central nervous system (CNS) relapse in children, according to a study published by Tang et al in the journal Blood. The research focused on...
Persistent Use of Low-Value Breast Cancer Surgeries Designated for Deimplementation by Choosing Wisely
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Wang et al found persistent use of low-value breast cancer surgeries designated for deimplementation by the Choosing Wisely program, with a wide interfacility variation in use of these procedures. Study Details The study used National Cancer ...
ROBUST Trial: Addition of Lenalidomide to R-CHOP in Previously Untreated ABC-Type DLBCL
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Grzegorz S. Nowakowski, MD, and colleagues, the phase III ROBUST trial showed that the addition of lenalidomide to R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone; R2-CHOP) did not significantly improve...
Novel HER2-Targeted Therapies Pose Sequencing Challenges
With three new HER2-targeted therapies approved in the past 15 months alone, the treatment landscape for patients with metastatic breast cancer has become increasingly crowded. In the third-line setting and beyond, there are now at least eight HER2-targeted agents approved by the U.S. Food and Drug ...
CheckMate 9ER: First-Line Nivolumab Plus Cabozantinib vs Sunitinib for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Toni K. Choueiri, MD, and colleagues, the phase III CheckMate 9ER trial has shown that the combination of nivolumab and cabozantinib improved progression-free survival and overall survival vs sunitinib in first-line treatment of patients with...
Value of Global Scale-up of Cancer Care: Investment in Treatment, Imaging, and Quality of Care
In a simulation-based analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ward et al found that the scaling up of cancer treatment packages, imaging modalities, and quality of care to the levels found in high-income countries would markedly reduce cancer mortality in low- to middle-income countries, as well...
High- vs Standard-Dose Thoracic Radiotherapy for Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Grønberg et al found that use of high-dose vs standard-dose twice daily thoracic radiotherapy as part of first-line chemoradiotherapy was associated with significantly improved overall survival and similar toxicity in patients with limited-stage...
Study Finds Regularly Drinking Sugar-Sweetened Soda May Increase Total and Breast Cancer Mortality
New research published by Koyratty et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention suggests that patients with breast cancer who drink sugar-sweetened beverages regularly are at increased risk for death from any cause, and from breast cancer in particular. Compared to women who never or...
Older Breast Cancer Survivors May Consider Discontinuing Screening Mammography in the Setting of Limited Life Expectancy
Newly issued mammography screening guidelines for breast cancer survivors aged 75 and older recommend discontinuing routine mammography for those with a life expectancy of less than 5 years and considering discontinuation of routine screening for those with a life expectancy between 5 and 10 years. ...
International Perspectives on Integrative Medicine for Cancer Prevention and Management
Guest Editor’s Note: Although many cancer centers recognize the value of integrative therapies in oncologic care, cancer prevention, its treatment, and survivorship care continue to pose a challenge in many low- and middle-income countries. In this article, Alejandro Salicrup, PhD, highlights the...
New Survey Reveals Hesitancy Around COVID-19 Vaccination Among Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Survivors
A survey of more than 6,500 U.S. patients with blood cancer and survivors revealed that only half are very likely to get a COVID-19 vaccine, while one in three is either unlikely or unsure about it. The nationwide survey was a collaboration between The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS), Boston...
Why Might Night-Shift Workers Have a Higher Risk of Developing Cancer?
New clues as to why night-shift workers are at an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer were uncovered in a new study published by Koritala et al in the Journal of Pineal Research. The study involved a controlled laboratory experiment that used healthy volunteers who were on...
Meta-analysis of Intermediate Clinical Endpoints as Surrogates for Overall Survival in Localized Prostate Cancer
In a meta-analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gharzai et al found that commonly used intermediate clinical endpoints in clinical trials in localized prostate cancer do not correlate well with overall survival, apart from metastasis-free survival—supporting the establishment of metastasis-free ...
Immunotherapy for Advanced Kidney Cancer: Effect of Body Mass Index
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Lalani et al found that higher body mass index (BMI) was associated with better overall survival among patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving anti–PD-1/PD-L1–based immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. No association of...
Weight Gain in Childhood Brain Tumor Survivors and Potential Association With Hypothalamic-Pituitary Dysfunction
In a Dutch study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, van Schaik et al found that significant weight gain and being overweight and/or obese are common in childhood brain tumor survivors and may be associated with hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. Study Details The study involved data...
Miami Breast Cancer Conference: Genomic Assays Show Utility in Predicting Pathologic Complete Response Rate in Pre- and Postmenopausal Patients With Breast Cancer
New data from the prospective Neoadjuvant Breast Symphony Trial (NBRST), which demonstrated the predictive and prognostic abilities of the MammaPrint and BluePrint assays and underpinned their preoperative utility in pre-and postmenopausal patients with breast cancer, were presented at PER’s Miami...
Responses to Conjugate Pneumococcal Vaccine in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
In an Italian study reported in Leukemia, Mauro et al found that only a small minority of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) developed an adequate immune response to pneumococcal vaccination, with response being more likely in patients who were younger, had previously untreated and...
Repurposing Available Drugs for COVID-19: An Ongoing Initiative
As of this writing, no drugs have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of COVID-19, although several have received emergency use authorization and many others are being used off-label during the pandemic. In addition to searching for novel therapies, David...
ASCO Guideline Update Offers Four Standards of Care for Noncastrate Advanced, Recurrent, or Metastatic Prostate Cancer
A recent ASCO guideline update, prompted by data from several phase III randomized controlled trials, summarizes the evidence supporting the best initial treatment options for the management of noncastrate advanced, recurrent, or metastatic prostate cancer. The hope is that the guideline will help...
New Research Statement Recommends Streamlining and Standardizing Clinical Trial Site Feasibility Assessments
Feasibility assessments for clinical trials are conducted to establish that prospective trial sites can safely and effectively meet study goals and protocol requirements; however, a new research statement from ASCO asserts that current standards are “costly, inconsistent, inefficient, labor...
