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lung cancer

Priority Review for Atezolizumab in Combination With Chemotherapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accepted a supplemental biologics license application (sBLA) and granted Priority Review for atezolizumab (Tecentriq) in combination with carboplatin and etoposide for the first-line treatment of patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. The...

breast cancer

International Trials Present New Findings in Treatment of Breast Cancer

The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2018 Congress featured an assortment of study findings, many with far-reaching clinical implications for the treatment of patients with various cancers. Many of these trials were covered in-depth in recent issues of The ASCO Post. Here, we present...

immunotherapy
skin cancer

Optimal Duration of Checkpoint Inhibition in Melanoma Is No More Than 2 Years

For patients with advanced melanoma, the concept of treating to disease progression does not always apply. With many patients responding to checkpoint inhibition for years, when can treatment be safely discontinued? This important clinical question was addressed at the European Society for Medical...

gynecologic cancers

Minimally Invasive vs Open Abdominal Radical Hysterectomy in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer

TWO STUDIES recently reported in The New England Journal of Medicine indicate that minimally invasive radical hysterectomy is associated with poorer survival outcomes than open abdominal radical hysterectomy in women with early-stage cervical cancer. As reported by Pedro T. Ramirez, MD, of The...

Expert Point of View: Charles G. Drake, MD, PhD

“Bringing pembrolizumab (Keytruda) early into therapy is a bold move,” commented the invited discussant of this trial, Charles G. Drake, MD, PhD, Professor of Oncology and Immunology at the Herbert Irving Cancer Center at Columbia University, New York. The study enrolled patients who can be cured...

supportive care
palliative care

The Great Opioid Debate: Treating Cancer Pain Safely

As the number of opioid-related deaths continues to rise in the United States, stakeholders are struggling to make sense of the crisis. At the 2018 Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium, two experts in the field, Charles F. von Gunten, MD, PhD, and Leslie J. Blackhall, MD,...

issues in oncology
immunotherapy

Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities May Be More Common Than Originally Reported

Immunotherapy has significantly improved the overall survival of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is generally better tolerated than traditional chemotherapies, but the results of a retrospective study suggested that immunotherapy side effects may be more common than initially...

breast cancer
supportive care

Has Scalp Cooling Reached the Level of Standard of Care?

Does evidence of the effectiveness and safety of scalp cooling to reduce hair loss among women being treated for breast cancer mean that scalp cooling is a new standard of care? “I would suggest that it is,” stated Mikel Ross, MSN, RN, AGNP-BC, of the Breast Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan...

lung cancer
immunotherapy

ESMO Immuno-Oncology 2018: OAK Trial: Fast Progression in Patients With NSCLC Treated With Atezolizumab vs Chemotherapy

Overall survival (OS) was improved across all subgroups of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received atezolizumab (Tecentriq) compared with chemotherapy, including poor prognostic factors that were evaluated in an analysis of data from the OAK trial. Additionally, this...

Expert Point of View: Kenneth Shain, MD, PhD, and Vincent Rajkumar, MD

In interviews with The ASCO Post, Kenneth Shain, MD, PhD, Director of the Myeloma Working Group at Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, and Vincent Rajkumar, MD, Professor of Medicine at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, commented on the findings of the MAIA trial. “The study shows that...

breast cancer

Adjuvant Trastuzumab Emtansine vs Trastuzumab in Patients With HER2-Positive Breast Cancer With Residual Disease After Neoadjuvant Therapy

As reported at the recent San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium and in The New England Journal of Medicine by von Minckwitz et al, an interim analysis of the phase III KATHERINE trial has shown that adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1; Kadcyla) improved invasive disease–free survival vs...

breast cancer

Disease-Free Survival With Letrozole vs Placebo After Aromatase Inhibitor–Based Therapy in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer

As reported by Mamounas et al in The Lancet Oncology, the phase III NRG Oncology/NSABP B-42 trial has shown no disease-free survival benefit with 5 years of letrozole (Femara) vs placebo after 5 years of aromatase inhibitor–based therapy in women with hormone receptor–positive...

hematologic malignancies
immunotherapy

Combining a Checkpoint Inhibitor With CAR T-Cell Therapy May Augment Immune Response

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a revolutionary approach to treating hematologic malignancies. As experience with this strategy is gained, researchers are learning more about how to optimize responses, especially in patients with “immune exhaustion,” who have a suboptimal initial...

hematologic malignancies
leukemia
immunotherapy

Early Studies of Ibrutinib Plus CAR T-Cell Combination in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Researchers are combining chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy with ibrutinib (Imbruvica) as a means of augmenting and deepening responses in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Two pilot studies presented at the 2018 American Society of Hematology...

global cancer care
hepatobiliary cancer

Controlling the Global Burden of Liver Cancer

The burden of mortality related to liver cancer is increasing worldwide. Prevention and control of viral hepatitis will be vital in combating this burden, but curbing the growing epidemic of obesity must also be seen as a key part of liver cancer prevention, according to Rosmawati Mohamed, MD, of...

Prevent Cancer Foundation Award Goes to Big Tobacco Foe, Sharon Y. Eubanks, JD

One Friday afternoon in March 1999, Pat Glynn, an attorney and manager at the Department of Justice, called a colleague, Sharon Y. Eubanks, JD, to talk about a newly formed Tobacco Task Force. Full of enthusiasm, he described plans to bring a federal suit against the major tobacco companies on...

lung cancer

Low-Dose CT Lung Screening: New Developments Support Increased Quality, More Data, Deep Learning

Two years ago, Rick Avila, MS, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Accumetra, LLC, was using rolls of Scotch tape as a research tool. The Scotch tape was a phantom, or reference object, and his company was working with computed tomography (CT) lung screening sites around the world to determine the...

leukemia

Nuclear Excision Repair as a Possible Predictor of Early Relapse in Pediatric ALL

Researchers recently discovered that by testing the level of nucleotide excision repair (NER) gene expression, pediatric oncologists may be able to determine the likelihood of early relapse (less than 3 years) in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). These findings were published by...

Expert Point of View: Carlos L. Arteaga, MD, Laura J. Esserman, MD, MBA, and Joseph Sparano, MD

“This study supports the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,” commented press conference moderator Carlos L. Arteaga, MD, of the Simmons Cancer Center at UTSouthwestern Medical Center in Dallas. “It did not matter whether patients received adjuvant therapy, as long as they had achieved a pathologic...

issues in oncology
health-care policy
legislation
cost of care

Will the Trump Administration’s Plan to Reduce Cancer Drug Prices Work?

High drug prices are the number one health-care concern of many Americans. The average price of a cancer drug rose from less than $10,000/yr before 2000 to more than $170,000/yr in 2017.1-3 Between 1995 and 2013, the launch price of cancer drugs increased by 10% to 12% every year, and the average...

Expert Point of View: Eric P. Winer, MD, and Jame Abraham, MD

Commenting on the findings of the KATHERINE trial were Eric P. Winer, MD, Director of the Breast Oncology Program in the Susan F. Smith Center for Women’s Cancers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Thompson Senior Investigator in Breast Cancer Research andProfessor of Medicine at Harvard...

breast cancer

KATHERINE Trial: Adjuvant T-DM1 Reduces Invasive Disease Risk by 50% vs Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer

In patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer and residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant treatment with trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1; Kadcyla) reduced the risk of invasive disease by 50% over trastuzumab (Herceptin).1 The phase III KATHERINE study was presented at the 2018...

breast cancer

Addition of Neoadjuvant Palbociclib to Letrozole in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Early Breast Cancer

In the phase II PALLET trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Johnston et al found that the addition of neoadjuvant palbociclib (Ibrance) to letrozole increased rates of complete cell-cycle arrest, reduced apoptosis, and did not significantly improve clinical response rate in patients...

breast cancer

RSNA 2018: Preliminary Results of Primary Cryoablation in Treating Low-Risk Breast Cancers

Cryoablation has shown early indications of effectiveness in treating women with low-risk breast cancers, according to research presented at the Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) (Abstract SSM01-01). “If the positive preliminary findings are maintained as the ...

breast cancer
survivorship

POEMS/SWOG Intergroup S0230 Study on Preventing Early Menopause

In the long-term follow-up of the Prevention of Early Menopause Study (POEMS)/SWOG Intergroup S0230 trial reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Moore et al found that the addition of goserelin (Zoladex) to cyclophosphamide-containing chemotherapy was associated with a higher...

genomics/genetics

Role of Genomic Profiling in Younger Patients With Cancer

Although overall cancer survival rates continue to improve among all age groups in the United States—there are currently an estimated 15.5 million cancer survivors, and that number is expected to increase to 20.3 million by 20261—survival rates for adolescents and young adults with cancer (AYAs)...

Oncology Researcher Catherine J. Wu, MD, Always Knew She Wanted to Be a Doctor

Catherine J. Wu, MD, Professor at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, was reared in a medical environment, which shaped her career path as a physician-scientist. “Both of my parents are physicians and were trained in internal medicine. Medicine was always part of my life as I grew up, and it seemed like...

breast cancer

Management of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Business as Usual?

MANAGEMENT OF HER2-positive breast cancer changed after the introduction of trastuzumab (Herceptin), the first anti-HER2 therapy to be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for this type of cancer. Recent studies have more clearly defined the role of pertuzumab (Perjeta) and...

prostate cancer

PARP Inhibitor Active in BRCA1/2-Mutated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

THE SEARCH for biomarkers in prostate cancer has proved frustrating, partly due to the complexity of the disease and its heterogeneity. A preliminary analysis of a phase II (TRITON2) study suggests that rucaparib (Rubraca), a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, may be active in men with...

skin cancer

Using Tumor‑Infiltrating Lymphocytes to Treat Metastatic Melanoma

STEVEN A. ROSENBERG, MD, PhD, Chief of Surgery at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), began his pioneering research in adoptive cell transfer using interleukin (IL)-2 in the mid-1970s. His IL-2 studies were among the clinical trials that led to the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval ...

solid tumors

Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy May Improve Outcomes in Some Patients With Oligometastatic Tumors

IN PATIENTS with a controlled primary tumor and up to 5 oligometastatic lesions, delivering stereotactic ablative radiotherapy was associated with a 13-month improvement in overall survival when compared with palliative standard-of-care treatments alone (41 months vs 28 months; P = .09).1...

immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Aung Naing, MD, FACP

AT THE 2018 Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) Annual Meeting, Aung Naing, MD, FACP, of the Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, commented on studies evaluating novel drugs to be combined with programmed cell death ...

leukemia
geriatric oncology

Expert Point of View: Susan M. O’Brien, MD

THE STUDY’S discussant, Susan M. O’Brien, MD, Associate Director for Clinical Science, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine Health, said the results of the Alliance North American Intergroup Study A041202—demonstrating that ibrutinib (Imbruvica) is more...

breast cancer
survivorship
symptom management

SABCS 2018: Oxybutynin for the Management of Hot Flashes in Women Unable to Receive Hormone Replacement Treatment

Treatment with oxybutynin helped reduce the frequency and intensity of hot flashes for women who could not take hormone replacement therapy, including breast cancer survivors, according to the results of a trial presented at the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium by Leon-Ferre et al (Abstract ...

breast cancer

SABCS 2018: SOLAR-1: Liquid Biopsies in Predicting Benefit of Alpelisib in PIK3CA-Mutant Breast Cancer

Liquid biopsy–based assessment of PIK3CA mutational status served as a better indicator of progression-free survival compared with analysis of tissue biopsy in patients with breast cancer enrolled in the phase III SOLAR-1 clinical trial, according to data presented by Juric et al at the 2018...

breast cancer

SABCS 2018: TAILORx Results Show Association Between Clinical Outcomes in Breast Cancer and Race

An analysis of the association between clinical outcomes and race in participants enrolled in the TAILORx trial found that even with equivalent treatments among women with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, black women had worse clinical outcomes than white women, despite ...

breast cancer

Andrew D. Seidman, MD, and Miguel Martín, MD, PhD, on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Results From the CIBOMA/GEICAM Trial

Andrew D. Seidman, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Miguel Martín, MD, PhD, of the Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, discuss phase III study findings on adjuvant capecitabine after standard chemotherapy for people with early triple-negative breast cancer...

breast cancer

Andrew D. Seidman, MD, and Charles E. Geyer, MD, on HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Results From the KATHERINE Trial

Andrew D. Seidman, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Charles E. Geyer, MD, of Virginia Commonwealth University, discuss phase III study findings on ado-trastuzumab emtansine vs trastuzumab as adjuvant therapy in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer with residual invasive ...

solid tumors
lung cancer

Bonnie J. Addario Lung Cancer Foundation Honors Investigators, Clinicians, Caregivers

The Bonnie J. Addario Lung Cancer Foundation (ALCF) recognized outstanding contributors in research, treatment, and caregiving at its Simply the Best Dinner and Gala, which took place recently in San Francisco. The annual event is a celebration of survivors, hope, and determination that brings...

hematologic malignancies
leukemia

A Battle With Leukemia: Part Memoir, Part Oncology History

BOOKMARK Title: Cancer Crossings: A Brother, His Doctors, and the Quest for a Cure to Childhood LeukemiaAuthor: Tim WendelPublisher: ILR PressPublication date: April 2018Price: $24.95, hardcover, 256 pages Tim Wendel is a journalist and author of several noted books, mostly concerning sports. In...

breast cancer

Xavier Pivot, MD, PhD, on Early Breast Cancer: Results From the PHARE Trial

Xavier Pivot, MD, PhD, of the Paul Strauss Cancer Center, discusses final study findings comparing 6 and 12 months of trastuzumab in adjuvant early breast cancer (Abstract GS2-07).

breast cancer
solid tumors
lung cancer

A Diagnosis of Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Has Focused My Life Direction

Despite the fact that I had to have open heart surgery at age 7 to fix a congenital heart defect and then more surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy to treat a diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma a year later, I never felt like I was a sick kid. Children don’t have the existential worries about...

breast cancer

SABCS 2018: Whole-Breast Irradiation vs Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation for Preventing Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence

Data from the NSABP B-39/RTOG 0413 trial indicated that ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) rates 10 years after treatment could not reject the hypothesis that accelerated partial-breast irradiation (PBI) after lumpectomy was inferior to whole-breast irradiation (WBI), according to a...

breast cancer

SABCS 2018: AMAROS Trial: 10-Year Follow-up of Axillary Radiotherapy or Surgery in Early-Stage Breast Cancer

Patients with early-stage breast cancer who had cancer detected in a sentinel lymph node biopsy had comparable 10-year recurrence and survival rates following either axillary radiotherapy or axillary lymph node dissection, according to data from the randomized, phase III AMAROS clinical trial...

Palliative Care Trailblazer, Charles von Gunten, MD, PhD, Shares Insights With Advanced Practitioners

“The data are in, and they are clear and convincing. Palliative care leads to better outcomes for patients. The major challenge now is to make it part of standard cancer care everywhere in the United States and then everywhere else in the world, said Charles von Gunten, MD, PhD, a medical...

supportive care
palliative care

Palliative Care in the Pediatric Oncology Setting

Cancer is the leading cause of disease-related childhood death. To better serve the special needs of this highly vulnerable patient population, pediatric palliative care teams use a personalized, holistic, and interdisciplinary approach tailored to relieve the physical, psychosocial, and spiritual ...

Lynn Sage Breast Cancer Symposium

The 20th Annual Lynn Sage Breast Cancer Symposium was hosted earlier this year by the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University in Chicago. “A new era of cancer vaccines” and encouraging data from early trials were among the topics discussed by Mary (Nora) Disis, MD...

supportive care
palliative care
issues in oncology
global cancer care

Unequal Burden of Cancer-Related Suffering and Need for Palliative Care

The global burden of cancer-related suffering is tremendously unbalanced, according to Eric L. Krakauer, MD, PhD, Director of the Global Palliative Care Program at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston and a lead coauthor of the Report of the Lancet Commission on Global...

issues in oncology
global cancer care

Global Burden of Cancer on the Rise: Implications for Cancer Prevention and Control

As the global burden of cancer grows, cancer control measures must be tailored to regional and national priorities, underscoring the need for high-quality cancer registries, according to Christopher P. Wild, PhD, Director of the International Agency for Research on Cancer in Lyon, France. Earlier...

breast cancer

SABCS 2018: Does Adjuvant Capecitabine Improve Outcomes in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer?

Treating patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer with capecitabine after surgery and standard chemotherapy did not significantly improve disease-free or overall survival compared with observation, according to data from the randomized, phase III GEICAM/CIBOMA clinical trial...

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