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Showing 1101 - 1150Circulating Hybrid Cells May Help to Monitor Treatment Response in Patients With Rectal and Esophageal Cancers
An analysis of 58 peripheral blood specimens from patients with rectal and esophageal cancers demonstrated that circulating hybrid cells may be a novel, noninvasive biomarker with potential for monitoring treatment response and disease progression to help guide decisions for further therapy,...
Use of Chemotherapy and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Akushevich et al found that receipt of chemotherapy was associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease in colorectal cancer survivors. As stated by the investigators, “Evidence on the nature of the relationship between...
Using CT Colonography as a Noninvasive Colorectal Cancer Screening Test for Advanced Neoplasia
According to a report published by Pickhardt et al in the American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR), compared with multitarget stool DNA and fecal immunochemical tests, computed tomography (CT) colonography using a polyp size threshold ≥ 10 mm most effectively targeted advanced neoplasia—preserving...
Fallout From COVID-19: Decline in Cancer Screening and Increase in Cancer-Related Deaths
Various studies at institutions in the United States and abroad have shown a substantial decline in cancer screening rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that fewer cancers will be detected by screening and when they do manifest, they will be at more advanced stages. Indeed,...
Overcoming Gender Disparity in Evaluating Sexual Health Following a Cancer Diagnosis
The results from a recent study showcase the disturbing prevalence of sexual dysfunction as a treatment side effect of cancer and gender disparity in how the problem is addressed by physicians.1 The study, conducted by James Taylor, MD, MPH, Chief Resident in the Department of Radiation Oncology at ...
Complete Mesocolic Excision vs D2 Dissection in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colectomy for Right-Sided Colon Cancer
In an analysis of early safety outcomes in a Chinese phase III trial (RELARC) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Xu et al found similar surgical complication rates with complete mesocolic excision vs D2 dissection in patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy for right-sided colon cancer. The...
Expert Point of View: John C. Krauss, MD
Invited discussant John C. Krauss, MD, Medical Oncology Director of the Multidisciplinary Colorectal Cancer Clinic, Rogel Cancer Center of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, said he was impressed by the “rapidity with which the NRG-GI002 trial accrued,” which was about 10 months.1 “Equally...
Study Reports Little Benefit to Adding Pembrolizumab to Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
The addition of pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (ie, total neoadjuvant therapy) failed to improve a rectal cancer–specific surrogate for survival in patients with locally advanced disease in the phase II NRG-GI002 trial.1 As reported at the 2021 Gastrointestinal Cancers...
New WHO/IAEA Publication Provides Guidance on Radiotherapy Equipment Procurement
New guidance from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on the procurement of radiotherapy equipment could improve access to this life-saving cancer treatment option across the world. The new technical guidance aims to ensure that the selection of...
Expert Point of View: Michael Overman, MD
At the 2021 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, the KEYNOTE-177 investigators updated their previously reported findings by showing further data relating to subsequent lines of therapy after disease progression. Their conclusion was that patients who received pembrolizumab initially still achieved...
KEYNOTE-177: New Analysis Confirms Benefit of Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy in Microsatellite Instability–High Advanced Colorectal Cancer
In an updated analysis of the pivotal phase III KEYNOTE-177 trial in microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer, the benefit of first-line pembrolizumab continued beyond disease progression on the subsequent line of treatment, despite a high crossover to immunotherapy for...
ASCO Names Advance of the Year: Molecular Profiling Drives Progress in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Molecular profiling allows clinicians to identify the molecular and genetic signatures that help to deliver treatments that are highly specific to a tumor. This tool has made possible a number of advances in the past year that are improving care for patients with gastrointestinal cancers. In...
Cancer on the Global Stage: Incidence and Cancer-Related Mortality in Kenya
The ASCO Post is pleased to continue this occasional special focus on the worldwide cancer burden. In this issue, we feature a close look at the cancer incidence and mortality rates in Kenya. The aim of this special feature is to highlight the global cancer burden for various countries of the...
I Let Science, Not Emotion, Dictate My Treatment
I had my first experience with cancer when I was just 3 or 4 years old and complained to my mother that my “tummy hurt.” I was diagnosed with Wilms tumor, the same cancer my 18-month-old brother died of before I was born. I remember being in the hospital for weeks at a time and being known by...
Ongoing Surveillance and Efforts to Reduce Smoking and Obesity Needed to Lower Cancer Survivors’ Risks of New Cancers
The risk of developing or dying of a new primary cancer, particularly those cancers associated with smoking and obesity, was greater among survivors of adult-onset cancers than the expected risk in the general population, according to an analysis of data from more than 1.5 million cancer...
COVID-19 and Cancer: A Toxic Combination
COVID-19 has caused 475,000 deaths in America, disproportionately among communities of color, poverty, immigrants, and older age. It has exposed a variety of inequities within our health-care system. However, the patients at greatest risk of death from COVID-19 are those with cancer. While 1.8% of...
Responses to Anti–PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Patients With MSS Solid Tumors and High Tumor Mutational Burden
In a single-institution study reported in JAMA Oncology, Valero et al found that response rates to anti–PD-1 or anti–PD-L1 treatments in patients with microsatellite-stable (MSS) solid tumors were generally higher among those with high tumor mutational burden (TMB) defined as ≥ 10...
Addition of Primary Tumor Resection to Chemotherapy for Asymptomatic Primary Colorectal Cancer Tumors and Synchronous Unresectable Metastases
In a Japanese phase III trial (JCOG1007; iPACS) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kanemitsu et al found that the addition of primary tumor resection to chemotherapy did not improve overall survival vs chemotherapy alone in patients with asymptomatic primary colorectal cancer tumors and...
New Report Says Cancer and Its Therapies May Impair Survivors' Ability to Work
Although cancer survivors are living longer, cancer and its treatment can result in long-lasting or late-onset impairments that may affect their ability to work, according to a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine entitled Diagnosing and Treating Adult...
Can a High-Carbohydrate Diet Increase the Risk for Breast Cancer?
A growing body of evidence is showing a strong association between diet and breast cancer risk and survival, particularly high glycemic load and sugar intake. Two large population studies at the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium supported these observations.1,2 Findings from the Nurses’...
Expert Point of View: John C. Krauss, MD
The invited discussant of the GARNET study, John C. Krauss, MD, Medical Oncology Director of the Multidisciplinary Colorectal Cancer Clinic, Rogel Cancer Center of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, observed that “impressive” response rates to dostarlimab were demonstrated in a “relatively...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Dostarlimab Active in Mismatch Repair–Deficient Gastrointestinal Tumors
Dostarlimab, a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1, showed antitumor activity in patients with mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) gastrointestinal tumors in the phase I GARNET study, reported at the 2021 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium by Thierry André, MD, of Sorbonne University and Saint-Antoine...
Expert Point of View: Michael J. Overman, MD
The study’s invited discussant, Michael J. Overman, MD, Professor of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, said the findings of the study presented by Henriksen et al1 add to a convincing body of data showing that “the use of circulating...
Predicting Postoperative Recurrence in Stage I to III Colorectal Cancer With Circulating Tumor DNA
Patients with stage I to III colorectal cancer who have a high risk for recurrence may be identified by serial testing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) after resection, according to a study in which ctDNA proved more reliable than carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) surveillance or standard radiologic...
Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy in Extracranial Oligometastatic Cancers
In a registry-based observational study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Anastasia Chalkidou, PhD, and colleagues found that stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) was associated with high overall survival and low rates of toxicity in patients with extracranial oligometastatic cancers. The...
Delay in Time Between Abnormal At-Home Screening and Colonoscopy May Increase Colorectal Cancer Risk
At-home tests, which measure blood in stool as a potential marker for colon cancer, are often used for colorectal cancer screening. Usage of these tests has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic as patients try to avoid clinical visits. However, effectiveness of these screening tools, along with...
Study Shows Aspirin Use Before Diagnosis May Lower Colorectal Cancer Mortality
A recent study found that long-term aspirin use before a diagnosis of colorectal cancer may be associated with lower colorectal cancer–specific mortality. The report, published by Figueiredo et al in JNCI: The Journal of the National Cancer Institute, suggests that the findings for prediagnosis...
Socially Distant Drive-by FluFIT Clinics May Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates Among Black Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Administering colorectal cancer screening kits through a socially distant drive-by flu vaccination clinic increased access to colorectal cancer screening among Black Americans, according to results presented by Washington et al at the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer (Abstract S02-04)....
Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Care Has Been ‘Profound,’ According to WHO
More than a year since the new coronavirus crisis began, its impact on cancer care has been stark, with “50% of governments (having) cancer services partially or completely disrupted because of the pandemic,” said André Ilbawi, MD, of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Department of...
ASCO Names Advance of the Year: Molecular Profiling Drives Progress in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Molecular profiling allows clinicians to identify the molecular and genetic signatures that help to deliver treatments that are highly specific to a tumor. This tool has made possible a number of advances in the past year that are improving care for patients with gastrointestinal cancers. In...
Variation in Postoperative Mortality and Complications After Cancer Surgery Between High- vs Low- and Middle-Income Countries
In a prospective cohort study reported in The Lancet, Knight et al found that 30-day mortality after surgery for colorectal and gastric cancers was higher in low- and middle-income countries vs high-income countries (LMICs), with the difference only partly accounted for by patient or disease...
Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Plus Cytoreductive Surgery for Colorectal Cancer Metastases Does Not Improve Overall Survival
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Quénet et al, the French phase III PRODIGE 7 trial has shown that the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to cytoreductive surgery did not improve overall survival—and was associated with an increase in postoperative late...
Adjuvant Doublet Chemotherapy for High-Risk Stage II Colorectal Cancer: 3- or 6- Month Duration?
In an analysis of data from the IDEA collaboration reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Timothy J. Iveson, MD, FRCP, and colleagues found that 3 months (vs 6 months) of adjuvant CAPOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) may be a potential treatment option for patients with high-risk colorectal...
New Clinical Calculator May Predict Recurrence Risk After Curative Colectomy for Colon Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Weiser et al have developed a "third-generation" clinical calculator at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), which incorporates molecular and clinicopathologic characteristics and provides an accurate prediction of disease recurrence...
FDA Pipeline: Priority Reviews for Immunotherapies in Gastric Cancers, Anal Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently granted Priority Review to nivolumab as either adjuvant or first-line therapy in several types of gastric cancers, as well as to a novel PD-1 inhibitor for locally advanced or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal. The FDA also...
Addition of Vemurafenib to Irinotecan/Cetuximab in Previously Treated Patients With BRAF V600E–Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a phase II trial (SWOG S1406) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Scott Kopetz, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the addition of vemurafenib to irinotecan and cetuximab significantly improved progression-free survival in previously treated patients with BRAF V600E–mutant metastatic...
CDC Awards Huntsman Cancer Institute $3 Million to Improve Colorectal Cancer Screening
Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah has been awarded a 5-year, $3 million grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to improve Utah’s colorectal cancer screening rates. The program will build on an ongoing partnership between HCI’s Center for Health...
Duration of Adjuvant Chemotherapy Assessed in Stage III Colon Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Thierry André, MD, of Sorbonne Université and Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, and colleagues, the prospective pooled analysis of six phase III trials in the IDEA collaboration has shown that noninferiority in overall survival for 3 vs 6 months of adjuvant...
High Recurrence-Free Survival Rates in Rectal Cancer After Clinical Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Laura M. Fernandez, MD, of Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, and colleagues found high rates of conditional recurrence-free survival during watch-and-wait surveillance among patients with rectal cancer who maintained a clinical complete response to...
Indian Surgical Oncologist Offers Insights Into Delivering Equitable Cancer Care in a Resource-Challenged Country
The ASCO Post is pleased to introduce this department on Global Health-Care Equity. On an occasional basis, we will publish interviews between Guest Editor, Chandrakanth Are, MBBS, MBA, FRCS, FACS, and another oncologist or cancer care specialist spanning regions around the world. Our goal is to...
Thierry André, MD, on Mismatch Repair–Deficient Solid Cancers: Safety and Efficacy of Dostarlimab
Thierry André, MD, of Hôpital Saint-Antoine, discusses results from the GARNET study, which showed that dostarlimab, an anti–PD-1 antibody, demonstrated durable antitumor activity in patients with mismatch repair–deficient colorectal and noncolorectal solid tumors. No new safety signals were...
Tenna V. Henriksen, PhD Candidate, on Colorectal Cancer: Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis to Improve Treatment
Tenna V. Henriksen, PhD Candidate, of Aarhus University, discusses her findings on how circulating tumor DNA may help assess recurrence risk and the benefit of adjuvant therapy, and more quickly detect early relapse after treatment in patients with colorectal cancer (Abstract 11).
Empowering the FDA to Require Dose Optimization of All New Oncology Drugs
The vast majority of drugs used outside of oncology are evaluated in randomized dose-ranging trials to optimize the therapeutic index prior to the pivotal phase III trial. No one would think of dosing a statin or an antibiotic at the highest dose patients could tolerate, especially if that dose...
Cancer-Related Suicide Has Declined in the United States Over the Past 2 Decades
Despite increases in overall suicide rates in the United States during the past 2 decades, cancer-related suicides declined by 2.8% per year in the same time period, according to a new study published by Han et al in JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The study found that the largest...
Prevalence of KRAS G12C Somatic Mutations by Cancer Type, Race, and Sex
In a study reported in a letter to the editor in The New England Journal of Medicine, Nassar et al identified the prevalence of the formerly “undruggable” KRAS G12C mutation across tumor types, race, and sex. As stated by the investigators, a recently reported early-phase clinical trial has shown...
Anti–PD-1 Therapy Dostarlimab for dMMR Gastrointestinal Cancers: Safety and Efficacy Examined
Dostarlimab, a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1, showed strong and durable antitumor activity in patients with mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) gastrointestinal tumors in the phase I GARNET study, reported Thierry André, MD, of Sorbonne Université and Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, and colleagues...
Performing Mammograms for Targeted Hospitalized Patients
Completing cancer screening tests such as mammograms can be challenging for low-income patients who may face such issues as lack of transportation or inability to take time off work. A team at Massachusetts General Hospital explored the possibility of addressing preventive care needs when patients...
Electronic Patient Self-Reporting of Adverse Events During Cancer Chemotherapy: eRAPID System
In a single-institution phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Absolom et al found that use of the electronic patient self-reporting of adverse events: patient information and advice (eRAPID) system was associated with improvements in patient-reported outcomes vs usual care...
Kai-Keen Shiu, MD, PhD, on Colorectal Cancer: Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy for Microsatellite Instability–High Disease
Kai-Keen Shiu, MD, PhD, of the University College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust - London, discusses an interim analysis of PFS 2 results (defined as time from random assignment to progression on the next line of therapy or death) from the phase III KEYNOTE-177 trial. This study has already shown...
Romain Cohen, MD, PhD, on Colon Cancer: Prognostic Value of Tumor Deposits
Romain Cohen, MD, PhD, of the Mayo Clinic and Sorbonne University, discusses a post-hoc analysis of phase III results from the CALGB/SWOG 80702 study, which showed that adding the number of tumor deposits, a negative prognostic factor, to the count of lymph node metastases may improve the accuracy...
