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Showing 851 - 900Dana-Farber Launches New Center for Prevention and Treatment of BRCA-Related Cancers
Of the tens of thousands of genes in cellular DNA, one group of genes is tasked with ensuring that every cell reproduces itself exactly when it divides to make new cells. Perhaps the best known of these genes are the BRCA genes, which if inherited with a significant alteration, confer a markedly...
High-Risk, HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Treatment Options
Although most patients with breast cancer are considered to have an overall excellent prognosis, 600,000 people still die annually of the disease around the world. Even in HER2-positive breast cancer, a subtype that has seen a transformation of outcomes in the past 2 decades, there’s still room for ...
Primary Prevention Strategies for Avoiding Cardiotoxicity in Patients With Cancer: A Growing Area of Research
Cancer is not for the faint of heart, and sometimes neither is the treatment, according to information presented during the ASCO20 Virtual Education Program.1 Approximately 30% of patients who receive cancer therapy will have cardiovascular complications.2 What’s more, in anthracycline-treated...
Expert Point of View: Christine M. Lovly, MD, PhD
Invited discussant of the eXalt3 trial, Christine M. Lovly, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Oncology and Hematology, and Ingram Professor of Cancer Research, and Co-Leader of the Translational Research and Interventional Oncology Program at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt Ingram ...
Selective MET Inhibitor Tepotinib in Patients With Advanced NSCLC and MET Exon 14–Skipping Mutation
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Paul K. Paik, MD, and colleagues, the phase II VISION trial has shown durable responses with the highly selective MET inhibitor tepotinib in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and MET exon 14–skipping mutation. As noted by the...
PORTEC-3: Effect of Molecular Classification of Endometrial Cancer on Outcomes With Adjuvant Therapy
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Alicia Léon-Castillo, MD, of Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands, and colleagues identified outcomes associated with molecular subgroups of patients with high-risk endometrial cancer enrolled in the PORTEC-3 trial of adjuvant...
Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Sorting Through the Treatment Maze
The message still needs to get out that metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer should be treated with both androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and either docetaxel or an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor. In spite of “overwhelming” support for ADT plus abiraterone/prednisone,...
FDA Approves FoundationOne Liquid CDx, a Pan-Tumor Liquid Biopsy Test
On August 28, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved FoundationOne Liquid CDx, a comprehensive pan-tumor liquid biopsy test for patients with solid tumors. FoundationOne Liquid CDx is a comprehensive genomic-profiling test that analyzes more than 300 cancer-related genes and multiple...
Two Organizations Collaborate to Evaluate the Utility of Liquid Biopsy in Treating Lung Cancer
The Cancer Research Institute and The Mark Foundation for Cancer Research have launched an innovative clinical trial that aims to demonstrate the utility of liquid biopsy in assessing responses of patients with lung cancer to immunotherapy (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04093167). If the trial...
Dana-Farber Launches New Center for Prevention and Treatment of BRCA-Related Cancers
Of the tens of thousands of genes in cellular DNA, one group of genes is tasked with ensuring that every cell reproduces itself exactly when it divides to make new cells. Perhaps the best known of these genes are the BRCA genes, which if inherited with a significant alteration, confer a markedly...
GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer to Honor Charles Swanton, MD, With the 2020 Bonnie J. Addario Lectureship Award
The GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer presented Charles Swanton, MD, PhD, FRCP, FMedSci, FRS, Senior Group Leader at the Francis Crick Institute, with the 2020 Bonnie J. Addario Lectureship Award at the Physicians’ Education Resource 21st Annual International Lung Cancer Congress. GO2 is recognizing...
Mary-Claire King, PhD, Honored With 2020 William L. McGuire Memorial Lecture Award
Mary-Claire King, PhD, will receive the William L. McGuire Memorial Lecture Award at the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), to be held virtually from December 8 to 12, 2020. The William L. McGuire Memorial Lectureship was established in 1992 to commemorate Dr. McGuire’s significant...
ASCO Provisional Clinical Update Offers New Recommendations for HBV Management in Patients With Cancer
Oncologists should consider screening all patients with cancer for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) prior to starting systemic anticancer therapy, with a focus on tests that use the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), total Ig or IgG, and antihepatitis B surface...
Tumor Mutational Burden and the Future of Complex Biomarkers
The development of complex biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden (TMB) has enabled clinicians to identify patients more likely to respond to treatment of a variety of cancers, leading to more accurate diagnoses and improved outcomes. Differences in testing assays, however, have produced...
Three Novel Genetic Variants Linked to Male Breast Cancer Discovered
Scientists have newly discovered three genetic changes that increase the risk of breast cancer in men. These findings were published by Maguire et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The researchers identified three common variations in DNA that predispose men to developing breast...
Molecular Testing in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Understanding How, When, and What to Profile
“In line with the emergence of targeted therapies, molecular biomarker testing in metastatic colorectal cancer has evolved over the past decade,” noted Jeanne Tie, MD, MBChB, FRACP, who acknowledged there is confusion about the best ways to use molecular testing in the clinic. Dr. Tie, who is...
Genomic Analysis of Cervical Cancer in Ugandan Patients
Nineteen of the 20 nations with the highest cervical cancer death rates are in sub-Saharan Africa. Now an international team has published the first comprehensive genomic study of cervical cancers in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on tumors from 212 Ugandan patients with cervical cancer. Their...
Novel Indications and New Drugs for Castration-Resistant or Castrate-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
The past year has witnessed the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of a number of drugs for treatment of patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer or castrate-sensitive prostate cancer. Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Olaparib: On May 19, 2020, olaparib...
Phase II TRITON2 Study in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
The single-arm TRITON2 study demonstrated the efficacy of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor rucaparib in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.1,2 Results from the study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02952534) led to the approval of rucaparib in this...
Genitourinary Oncology Highlights 2019–2020 Almanac
Over the past year, we have seen significant advances in the treatment of prostate, kidney, and urothelial cancers that will benefit patients now and in the future. We have learned about the final results of important clinical trials across multiple genitourinary cancers disease states leading to...
Effect of Molecular Classification of Endometrial Cancer on Adjuvant Therapy Outcomes
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Léon-Castillo et al identified outcomes associated with molecular subgroups of patients with high-risk endometrial cancer enrolled in the PORTEC-3 trial of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone. Study Details The study involved...
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin in Pediatric Patients With Newly Diagnosed CD33-Positive AML
On June 16, 2020, the indication of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) for newly diagnosed CD33-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was extended to include pediatric patients aged 1 month and older.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was supported by findings from the phase III AAML0531 trial...
CICERO Software May Enable Detection of Cancer-Causing Gene Fusions
After years of development, engineering, and enhancement, researchers at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis have made available a software system that enables better detection of gene fusions. The system, called CICERO, offers additional insights into cancers as well as new targets...
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: 2020 Updates
In 1996, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) published its first set of Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology®, covering eight tumor types. Guidelines are now published for more than 60 tumor types and topics. During the NCCN’s 25th Annual Conference, which was held virtually during ...
Higher Prevalence of Germline Mutations Identified in Young Adults With Cancer
A new study has found that a higher-than-expected proportion of young adults with cancer harbor genetic germline mutations that have implications for treatment, surveillance, and other family members who may be at risk. Patients with “early-onset cancers”—cancers that typically do not occur in...
FDA Pipeline: Designations in Kidney and Lung Cancers, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, and More
Over the past few weeks, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued designations and accepted applications for novel agents, as well as approved companion diagnostics. We summarize these regulatory movements below. Breakthrough Therapy Designation for MK-6482 in von Hippel-Lindau...
Role of TP53 Mutations on Disease Severity in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Considered the “guardian of the genome,” TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in patients with cancer. TP53's normal function is to detect DNA damage and prevent cells from passing this damage on to daughter cells. When TP53 is mutated, the protein made from this gene, called p53, can no longer...
Analysis of Deep Whole-Genome Sequencing in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Identifies Superior Outcome Subgroup
In a study of genome-wide somatic alterations in multiple myeloma reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Samur et al identified a subgroup of patients with superior outcomes who are not adequately identified by traditional risk markers. The study involved analysis of deep whole-genome...
Lurbinectedin in Previously Treated Metastatic Small Cell Lung Cancer
On June 15, 2020, the alkylating drug lurbinectedin was granted accelerated approval for treatment of adult patients with metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with disease progression during or after platinum-based chemotherapy.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Accelerated approval was based on...
Small Goals, Big Victories
While working toward the goal of conquering cancer, patients often celebrate smaller victories. These wins can range from spending a holiday weekend with family to taking a vacation without restrictions. Jyoti Malhotra, MD, MPH, is a 2015 Young Investigator Award (YIA) recipient helping patients...
Joann Sweasy, PhD, Named Director of University of Arizona Cancer Center
Joann Sweasy, PhD, who has served as Interim Director for the past 9 months, has been named Director of the University of Arizona Cancer Center and the inaugural holder of the Nancy C. and Craig M. Berge Endowed Chair for the Director of the Cancer Center. As Director, Dr. Sweasy will establish the ...
Expert Point of View: Erika Hamilton, MD, and Nikhil Wagle, MD
Erika Hamilton, MD, Director of the Breast Cancer and Gynecologic Cancer Research Program, Sarah Cannon Research Institute at Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, who gave the Metastatic Breast Cancer Highlights presentation, and Nikhil Wagle, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical...
Phase III PADA-1 Trial Examines the Impact of ESR1 Mutations in Metastatic Breast Cancer
ESR1 mutations are known to confer resistance to endocrine therapy in the metastatic breast cancer setting. These mutations herald a poor prognosis, so their clearance early in the treatment course may greatly reduce the risk of recurrence, according to the early results of the prospective phase...
Double PIK3CA Mutations and Response Benefit in Breast Cancer
Patients who have breast cancers with double PIK3CA mutations seem to have a more robust response to PI3Kα inhibitors than those with a single PIK3CA mutation, based on an analysis of the phase III SANDPIPER trial, which tested taselisib plus fulvestrant, according to a presentation during the 2020 ...
ctDNA Clearance Predicts Progression-Free Survival With Osimertinib/Savolitinib in EGFR-Mutant, MET-Amplified NSCLC
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) clearance of EGFR mutation—that is, detectable mutation at baseline that became undetectable or dropped below a predetermined threshold—appears to be predictive of extended progression-free survival for patients with EGFR-mutant, MET-amplified non–small cell lung...
Monumental Progress in the Treatment of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Some monuments are difficult to topple. At least that was the case dating back to 1976, when investigators from the Southwest Oncology Group demonstrated the importance of doxorubicin in the treatment of patients with a group of lymphoid malignancies then referred to as diffuse aggressive...
Lung Cancer in Nonsmoking Individuals: Differences in Genetics and Response to Treatment
Lung cancer in nonsmokers is a diverse and distinct disease from lung cancer in smokers and is likely to respond differently to targeted treatments, according to results from a new study published by Chen et al in the journal Cell. Scientists studied a patient population in Taiwan with high rates...
Presence of ctDNA and CTCs and Prediction of Disease Recurrence in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In a preplanned secondary analysis of the BRE12-158 trial published in JAMA Oncology, Milan Radovich, PhD, and colleagues found that the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the plasma of women who have received neoadjuvant treatment for stage I, II, or...
Trends in Policy Coverage for ctDNA Testing
New research published by Douglas et al in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network examined coverage trends for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing, also known as liquid biopsy. In the first-ever study to analyze insurance coverage for ctDNA-based panel tests, researchers found ...
Cancer Genome Atlas Founding Members and Current Project Team Awarded 2020 AACR Team Science Awards
During its recent Virtual Annual Meeting II, the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) presented its 2020 Team Science Awards to the founding members and the current project team associated with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). TCGA began in 2006 as a joint effort between the National...
New Recommendations Offer Guidance for Clinicians and Patients on Genetic Testing for Prostate Cancer
An international panel of experts led by researchers and thought leaders at the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center–Jefferson Health (SKCC) and the Department of Urology at Jefferson have published the first multidisciplinary, consensus-driven, prostate cancer genetic implementation framework for the...
Rucaparib in BRCA-Mutated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
On May 15, 2020, rucaparib was granted accelerated approval for the treatment of patients with deleterious BRCA mutation–associated (germline or somatic) metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who have been treated with androgen receptor–directed therapy and taxane-based chemotherapy.1,2...
Expert Point of View: Daniel Y. Heng, MD, MPH, and Toni K. Choueiri, MD
Study discussant Daniel Y. Heng, MD, MPH, a medical oncologist at Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Canada, called the negative trial results important. IMvigor010 randomly assigned patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma to adjuvant atezolizumab or observation...
Phase I Trial of Berzosertib Alone or Combined With Carboplatin in Advanced Solid Tumors
In a phase I trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Timothy A. Yap, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, and colleagues identified recommended phase II doses of the first-in-class ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3–related) kinase inhibitor berzosertib alone and in combination with carboplatin and found...
Phase I Trial of Berzosertib Alone or Combined With Carboplatin in Advanced Solid Tumors
In a phase I trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Timothy A. Yap, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, and colleagues identified recommended phase II doses of the first-in-class ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3–related) kinase inhibitor berzosertib alone and in combination with carboplatin and found...
AMA Board of Trustees Pledges Action Against Racism and Police Brutality
At a virtual Special Meeting of the American Medical Association (AMA) House of Delegates, the AMA Board of Trustees pledged action to confront systemic racism and police brutality. The AMA released the following statement that was approved at its meeting on June 5, 2020: The AMA recognizes that...
Cancer Researcher Grzegorz Ira, PhD, Honored With Baylor’s DeBakey Award
Select Baylor College of Medicine faculty are honored annually through the Michael E. DeBakey, MD, Award for Excellence in Research for outstanding published scientific contributions to clinical and basic science research over a 3-year period. Included among the honorees for this year’s DeBakey...
Olaparib for Homologous Recombination Repair Gene-Mutated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
On May 19, 2020, olaparib was approved for the treatment of adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious germline or somatic homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene-mutated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who experienced disease progression after treatment with...
Role of Genetic Mutations and Treatment Exposures in Increased Subsequent Malignancy Risk for Childhood Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Qin et al identified combinations of pathogenic germline mutations in DNA repair genes and cancer treatment exposures that increased risk of subsequent neoplasms in long-term survivors of childhood cancer. Study Details The study involved...
Immunogenomic Characteristics of Advanced Clear Cell Kidney Cancer Treated With Checkpoint Inhibitors
By analyzing tumors from patients treated with immunotherapy for advanced kidney cancer in three clinical trials, scientists have identified several features of the tumors that influence their response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The research was presented during the ASCO20 Virtual Scientific...
