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Showing 7401 - 7450Composition of Academic Radiation Oncology Workforces in National Cancer Institute–Designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers
In a study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, McClelland et al found that among academic radiation oncologists at National Cancer Institute–designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers (CCCs), less than 5% were from underrepresented minority groups, senior faculty included more men than women, and women ...
Antibiotics After Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Lower-Extremity Bone Tumors: Comparison of Two Intravenous Regimens
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, researchers in the Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimens in Tumor Surgery Investigators group found that 5 days vs 1 day of postoperative intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis did not reduce the incidence of surgical site infection and was associated with more...
Paclitaxel/Carboplatin vs Paclitaxel/Ifosfamide in Chemotherapy-Naive Patients With Uterine Carcinosarcoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Powell et al, the phase III NRG Oncology GOG-0261 trial has shown that paclitaxel/carboplatin is noninferior to paclitaxel/ifosfamide in terms of overall survival among chemotherapy-naive patients with uterine carcinosarcoma. Study Details The...
Mehmet Altan, MD, on Solid Tumors: Interim Safety and Efficacy Results on NKTR-255 Plus Cetuximab
Mehmet Altan, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses findings from a phase Ib dose-escalation study, which showed early evidence of activity for NKTR-255, an investigational IL-15 receptor agonist, plus cetuximab in patients with solid tumors. Treatment appeared to lead ...
Lynda Chin, MD, on the Landscape and Future of Digital Medicine
Lynda Chin, MD, of the University of Texas, Austin Dell Medical School and Apricity Health, discusses precision medicine, barriers to its progress, and the challenges that must be met to facilitate better outcomes for patients. Building evidence and trust is key, Dr. Chin explains, as is developing ...
Role of Expression of ERV RNA in Prostate Cancer
A molecular feature in prostate cancer called endogenous retroviral (ERV) RNA has been found to have prognostic value and also distinguish differences between prostate tumors in men of African and European or Middle Eastern ancestry, according to a study published by Kumar et al in the journal...
Global Burden of Cancer From 2010 to 2019
In an analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, researchers in the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration found a global increase in new cases of cancer, cancer deaths, and cancer-related disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) between 2010 and 2019, with aspects of cancer burden differing...
Report Describes Identification of a Novel Therapeutic Target for Multiple Myeloma
Proteasome inhibitors, the therapeutic backbone of current treatments for multiple myeloma, are effective in treating newly diagnosed disease, but resistance or intolerance to these molecules often develops, leading to relapse. While studying a neglected tropical disease, Buruli ulcer, researchers...
Is the Development of Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events Correlated With Response to Immunotherapy?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the standard of care for many patients with advanced cancers; however, these medications cause cutaneous adverse events in 20% to 40% of all patients who receive them. A study by Tang et al published in JAMA Dermatology indicated that these side effects may...
Meredith M. Regan, ScD, on Early Breast Cancer: Updated Results From the TEXT and SOFT Trials
Meredith M. Regan, ScD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses findings that point to the potential benefits of using adjuvant exemestane plus ovarian function suppression (OFS) to treat premenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer. This conclusion came after 13 years...
Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, MD, PhD, on Making Strides in Managing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, MD, PhD, of Dana-Farber Brigham and Women’s Cancer Center, discusses the progress made in recent years treating patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), including approval of the immunotherapy agents pembrolizumab and sacituzumab govitecan-hziy, a new standard of ...
Association of Autoantibodies to Gastric Mucosa and Risk of Gastric Cancer
In a case-control study reported in JAMA Oncology, Minkyo Song, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that seropositivity for gastric antiparietal cell antibodies (APCAs) was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer among younger Finnish women who were seronegative for antibodies to Helicobacter ...
ASTRO Issues Clinical Guideline on External-Beam Radiation Therapy for Primary Liver Cancers
A clinical guideline from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) provides guidance on the use of radiation therapy to treat adult patients with primary liver cancers using external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Evidence-based recommendations outline indications and optimal EBRT...
Expert Point of View: Ciara O’Sullivan, MB, BCh, BAO
Invited discussant Ciara O’Sullivan, MB, BCh, BAO, of Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, commented on the DESTINY-Breast03 trial at the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. “The treatment of HER2-positive disease is an evolving landscape, with eight approved agents. Despite this rapid...
Effect of Daily Sitting Time and Weekly Physical Activity on Cancer Survivorship
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Cao et al found that the combination of increased daily sitting time and low weekly leisure-time physical activity was associated with poorer overall and cancer-specific survival among U.S. cancer survivors. Study Details The study involved data from a...
Second-Line T-DXd Improves Progression-Free Survival Across HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Subgroups
The antibody-drug conjugate fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) lengthened progression-free survival and improved objective response rate compared to the antibody-drug conjugate ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) after trastuzumab and taxane therapy in women with HER2-positive metastatic breast...
New Study Examines Septic Shock in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies
Research published by Manjappachar et al in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network examined the impact of septic shock on people with hematologic malignancies. They found that the mortality rate was 67.8% at 28 days, and only 19.4% of patients remained alive after 90 days. The...
Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab vs Sunitinib in Previously Untreated Patients With Metastatic RCC: Final Overall Survival Analysis of IMmotion151
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Robert J. Motzer, MD, and colleagues, the final overall survival analysis of the phase III IMmotion151 trial has shown no significant difference for atezolizumab plus bevacizumab vs sunitinib in previously untreated patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma...
Is There an Association Between Maternal Hormonal Contraception Use and Risk of CNS Tumors in Children?
In a Danish nationwide cohort study reported in JAMA, Hargreave et al found no association between maternal hormonal contraception use and risk of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in children. As stated by the investigators, “The incidence of CNS tumors in children appears to be increasing, yet...
Palliative Care Use Among Commercially Insured U.S. Patients With Metastatic Cancer: 2001–2016
In a study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Ferrario et al found that while use of palliative care among commercially insured patients aged 25 to 64 years in the United States with metastatic cancer has increased since 2001, use remained at 40% among patients with very poor–prognosis cancers in...
Romanos Sklavenitis-Pistofidis, MD, on Smoldering Myeloma: Identifying Biomarkers of Response to Immunotherapy
Romanos Sklavenitis-Pistofidis, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses study findings on a next generation of clinical assays to assess both tumor biology and immune state, as well as common clinical biomarkers in the marrow or blood. These biomarkers may accurately predict which patients...
Anil Aktas-Samur, PhD, on Identifying Low-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
Anil Aktas-Samur, PhD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses study findings on the genomic characterization of non-progressor smoldering multiple myeloma, results that may provide a molecular definition of the disease as well as its risk-driving features. Combining this low-risk model with...
Role of Radiologist Experience and Fatigue Level in Recommending Additional Imaging for Patients Undergoing Breast Cancer Screening
Less experienced radiologists are more likely to recommend additional imaging for women undergoing breast cancer screening when they read digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images later in the day, according to a new study published by Bernstein et al in the journal Radiology. The results highlight ...
Study Uses Data From a Nationally Representative Colonoscopy Registry to Gather Information on Early-Onset Colorectal Precancerous Lesions
In a study published in the journal Gastroenterology, Trivedi et al described an increase in early-onset colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps, based on a large, nationally representative study of patients younger than 50 who underwent colonoscopy. It was the first large-scale study to look at...
Incidence of Chronic Graft-vs-Host Disease: Effect of Depleting Naive T Cells From Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Allografts in Patients With Leukemia
Although allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation can result in a cure for patients with advanced hematologic malignancies, studies show chronic graft-vs-host disease occurs in 30% to 60% of patients receiving unmanipulated grafts, often requires prolonged immunosuppression, and may cause...
Addition of Abiraterone Acetate and Prednisolone With or Without Enzalutamide to ADT in High-Risk Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer
In a meta-analysis of two STAMPEDE platform phase III trials reported in The Lancet, Gerhardt Attard, PhD, and colleagues found that the addition of abiraterone acetate and prednisolone with or without enzalutamide to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) was associated with improved metastasis-free...
Musa Yilmaz, MD, on FLT3-ITD–Mutated AML: Findings on Quizartinib With Decitabine and Venetoclax
Musa Yilmaz, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses study results suggesting that quizartinib with decitabine and venetoclax is active in patients with FLT3-ITD–mutated acute myeloid leukemia and that RAS/MAPK mutations continue to drive primary and secondary resistance ...
Manali Kamdar, MD, on Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Lisocabtagene Maraleucel vs the Standard of Care
Manali Kamdar, MD, of the University of Colorado Cancer Center, discusses phase III results from the TRANSFORM study, which suggest that lisocabtagene maraleucel, a CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy, improved outcomes with a favorable safety profile and may be a potential new standard of care for...
Developing a Comprehensive System for Personalized Survivorship-Centered Care Plans
By 2040, the number of cancer survivors in the United States is expected to climb from 17 million today to 26.1 million, with most living 5 years or more after their diagnosis. However, many of these survivors will need ongoing monitoring for treatment-related side effects and cancer recurrence...
EMERALD Trial: Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader as Second- or Third-Line Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer
Use of the first investigational oral selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) elacestrant significantly reduced the risk of death or disease progression and lengthened progression-free survival compared with standard-of-care endocrine therapy with fulvestrant or an aromatase inhibitor in...
Study Examines Role of Psychological Distress in AYA Cancer Survivors
New research indicates that psychological distress from cancer and its treatment can cause many adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors to seek additional care and burden them with considerable medical expenses. The findings were published by Abdelhadi et al in the journal Cancer....
Immunogenicity of COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine Booster in Patients With Cancer Receiving Active Treatment
In an Israeli single-institution study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ligumsky et al found that a booster dose of the SARS–CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine given in August or September 2021 was immunogenic in patients receiving active cancer treatment. Antibody levels prior to and...
Effect of Recent Prior Radiotherapy on Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
In a pooled analysis of individual patient data from trials in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration database reported in JAMA Oncology, Anscher et al found that patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy within 90 days prior to the start of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment were not at...
Response-Adapted Omission of Radiotherapy and Comparison of Consolidation Therapy in Pediatric Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
In analyses from the European EuroNet-PHL-C1 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Mauz-Körholz et al found that radiotherapy could be omitted in pediatric patients with intermediate- or advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma who had adequate response to induction with OEPA (vincristine,...
Single-Cell Transcriptomic and Imaging Atlas of Colorectal Polyps Provides Insights for Cancer Surveillance
A team of researchers has revealed some of the mechanisms by which polyps develop into colorectal cancer, setting the framework for improved surveillance for the disease. Their study, published by Chen et al in the journal Cell, describes findings using a single-cell transcriptomic and imaging...
Does Geography Play a Role in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer in Young Black Men?
Although the incidence and mortality rates in colorectal cancer have dropped by 3.6% each year from 2007 to 2016 for people aged 55 and older—mainly because of increased colorectal cancer screening, advances in therapy, and reductions in smoking—these rates have increased by 2% each year during the ...
Addition of Anti–LAG-3 Antibody Relatlimab to Nivolumab in Previously Untreated Patients With Advanced Melanoma
In the phase II/III RELATIVITY-047 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Hussein A. Tawbi, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the addition of relatlimab, a lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3)-blocking antibody, to nivolumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, significantly prolonged...
Study Finds Depression Screening Improves Behavioral Care for Patients With Breast Cancer
Research published by Hahn et al in JAMA showed depression screening for patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer was highly effective at identifying patients in need of behavioral health care. The new screening initiative was subsequently and successfully built into the patient care and daily...
FDA Shortens Interval for Booster Dose of Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine to 5 Months
On January 7, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) amended the emergency use authorization (EUA) for the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine to shorten the time between the completion of a primary series of the vaccine and a booster dose to at least 5 months for individuals aged 18 years and older....
Trends in Population-Level Stage Shift and Mortality Among U.S. Patients With NSCLC: 2006–2016
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Raja Flores, MD, and colleagues found that a population-level shift to earlier-stage diagnosis has been accompanied by a reduction in population-level mortality during recent years in U.S. patients with non–small cell lung cancer...
Imaging Biomarker May Help to Risk-Stratify Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
A team of scientists has used artificial intelligence (AI) to identify which patients with certain head and neck cancers may benefit from reducing the intensity of treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Their findings were published by Corredor et al in the Journal of the National...
Portable Prostate Cancer Screening Test May Help Reach Underserved Patients
A portable, rapid prostate cancer screening kit could provide early warning to populations with a higher incidence of prostate cancer and may particularly aid those with limited access to health care. The proof-of-concept test, described by Srinivasan et al in Current Research in Biotechnology, is...
Be Realistic About What Patients Can Expect After Prostate Cancer Treatment
More than 1 in 10 patients with localized prostate cancer experienced treatment-related regret, a study published in JAMA Oncology suggests. And the major driver of that regret seems to be a disconnect between patient expectations and outcomes.1 In an interview with The ASCO Post, the study’s lead...
Disconnect Between Expectations and Outcomes: Major Factor in Treatment-Related Regret Among Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer
“A disconnect between patient expectations and outcomes” is a major contributor to treatment-related regret among patients with localized prostate cancer, according to a study published in JAMA Oncology.1 The disconnect, “both as it relates to treatment efficacy and adverse effects, appears to...
Health-Related Quality of Life With Enzalutamide vs Standard of Care for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: ENZAMET Trial
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Stockler et al, enzalutamide was associated with worsening in several quality-of-life domains—but not in overall health and quality of life—vs standard of care in the phase III ENZAMET trial evaluating the efficacy of the agent for patients with...
Does Armodafinil Improve Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients With High-Grade Glioma?
In a phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Porter et al found that armodafinil, a psychostimulant, did not improve cancer-related fatigue vs placebo in adult patients with high-grade glioma. As stated by the investigators, “Nearly 96% of patients with high-grade glioma report...
Bispecific Antibody Mosunetuzumab in Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Lymphomas
In a phase I study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, L. Elizabeth Budde, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the CD20-CD3 bispecific antibody mosunetuzumab produced durable responses in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive and indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas....
Banu Arun, MD, on Fine-Tuning Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction in Breast Cancer
Banu Arun, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses a session she moderated that included discussion of how exercise and diet may reduce the risk of breast cancer, and emerging non-endocrine treatments that may help prevent the disease.
Stereotactic Radiation May Prolong Duration of Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Kidney Cancer
A new study published by Hannan et al in European Urology Oncology showed that highly focused radiation to isolated metastases that progress despite drug therapy may prolong drug efficacy in patients with kidney cancer. Together with a Canadian report recently published by Cheung et al in European...
Smoking Cessation After Lung Cancer Diagnosis May Improve Overall Survival
Patients with lung cancer who quit smoking after their diagnosis experienced improvement in their overall survival compared to patients who continued smoking after diagnosis, according to results from a meta-analysis published by Caini et al in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology. Researchers led by...
