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Showing 5751 - 5800Research Into 'Cold' Tumors Heating Up in Pancreatic Cancer
Immunotherapy has changed the treatment paradigm for cancer, inducing durable responses in a subset of patients with previously refractory disease. However, current approaches are successful in only approximately 20% of cancers (so-called hot tumors). For the nearly 80% of cancers that are “cold”...
Identifying Characteristics of Infused CAR T Cells Associated With Efficacy and Toxicity in Patients With Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Researchers have identified molecular and cellular characteristics of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell infusion products associated with how patients with large B-cell lymphoma respond to treatment and develop side effects. The research team also found that early changes in...
Biochemical Progression-Free Survival With Adjuvant vs Salvage Radiotherapy After Radical Prostatectomy: RADICALS-RT Trial
As reported in The Lancet by Christopher C. Parker, MD, and colleagues, initial findings in the phase III RADICALS-RT trial have shown no biochemical progression-free survival benefit and no difference in freedom from nonprotocol hormone therapy with adjuvant radiotherapy vs salvage radiotherapy...
Association of Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Survival in Early-Stage NSCLC: Do Tumor Size and High-Risk Features Have an Impact?
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Pathak et al found that tumor size alone was not associated with improved survival with adjuvant therapy vs no adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early-stage, node-negative non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As stated by the...
NeoALTTO Trial: Final Analysis Examines Neoadjuvant Lapatinib/Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Final analysis of results from a randomized clinical trial of lapatinib and trastuzumab given before surgery in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer has found that women who had a pathologic complete response survived longer without cancer recurrence than patients who did not. This was...
Nab-paclitaxel vs Paclitaxel in Platinum-Refractory Metastatic Urothelial Cancer
In a phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Srikala S. Sridhar, MD, MSc, FRCPC, and colleagues found no difference in progression-free survival with nab-paclitaxel vs paclitaxel in patients with platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial cancer. Study Details In the investigator-initiated...
Addition of Nivolumab to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Resectable Stage IIIA NSCLC
In the Spanish phase II NADIM trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Provencio et al found that the addition of nivolumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the use of adjuvant nivolumab were associated with high 24-month rates of progression-free survival in patients with resectable stage IIIA...
Dana-Farber Opens Clinical Trial to Evaluate Simple Blood Test for Many Types of Cancer
Recent advances such as immune, cellular, and targeted therapies have provided new and effective means to treat a variety of cancers. Despite this considerable progress, cancer caught in its earliest stages remains the most curable. That is why Dana-Farber Cancer Institute is opening a new clinical ...
Surgical Oncologist Diane M. Simeone, MD, Strives to Improve Outcomes for Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Despite decades of research and clinical advances, the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer remain formidable challenges. Recently, enormous efforts have been made to develop new methods for the early diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer, such as those led by Diane M. Simeone, MD, a ...
Addition of Veliparib to Carboplatin/Paclitaxel in BRCA-Mutated Advanced Breast Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Véronique Diéras, MD, of the Institut Curie, Paris, and Centre Eugène Marquis, Rennes, and colleagues, the phase III BROCADE3 trial has shown a significant improvement in progression-free survival with the addition of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)...
Trends to Watch in Early-Onset Cancer Among Young Adults
Although cancer incidence and mortality rates for all cancers combined are considerably lower in younger adults than older adults, a disturbing pattern is beginning to emerge in the development of early-onset cancers, typically diagnosed in older patients, occurring in younger adults. The rising...
Pralsetinib for NSCLC With RET Gene Fusions
On September 4, 2020, pralsetinib (Gavreto) was granted accelerated approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of adults with metastatic RET fusion–positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as detected by an FDA-approved test.1,2 The FDA simultaneously approved the...
Impact of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy Within 5 Weeks of COVID-19 Diagnosis in Patients With Cancer
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Justin Jee, MD, PhD, of the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, and colleagues found that receipt of cytotoxic chemotherapy within 35 days of COVID-19 diagnosis in patients with...
Rucaparib Produces Durable Responses in Previously Treated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Wassim Abida, MD, PhD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, the phase II TRITON2 trial has shown that the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor rucaparib produced durable responses in patients with previously treated...
Addition of Nelarabine to Standard Therapy Improves Disease-Free Survival in Newly Diagnosed T-Cell ALL
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Kimberly P. Dunsmore, MD, of the Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, and colleagues, the phase III Children’s Oncology Group AALL0434 trial has shown that the addition of nelarabine to standard therapy improved...
Expert Point of View: Elizabeth Smyth, MD
The overall survival benefit for PD-L1 CPS ≥ 5 tumors in CheckMate 649 is a game-changer. An oxaliplatin doublet plus chemotherapy should become a standard of care for these patients,” according to Elizabeth Smyth, MD, an oncology consultant at Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust in...
Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy: New Standard of Care in Advanced Gastric Cancer?
As first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer, nivolumab plus chemotherapy leads to significantly improved progression-free and overall survival over chemotherapy alone, investigators reported during a Presidential Symposium of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Virtual Congress ...
Carfilzomib and Daratumumab With Dexamethasone for Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
On August 20, 2020, carfilzomib and daratumumab were approved for use in combination with dexamethasone for treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received one to three lines of therapy.1-3 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in two clinical...
Impact of Adjuvant Osimertinib on CNS Recurrence of NSCLC: ADAURA Trial
Osimertinib significantly prolonged disease-free survival compared with placebo in patients with completely resected stage II to IIIA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to the results of the large randomized phase III ADAURA trial presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology...
Expert Point of View: Rafal Dziadziuszko, MD
Commenting on the Lung ART study, Rafal Dziadziuszko, MD, a radiation oncologist from the Medical University of Gdansk, Poland, said: “Congratulations on this study to resolve the longest ongoing debate in thoracic oncology. For more than 20 years, we have been discussing whether to irradiate...
Study Questions Role of Routine Postoperative Radiotherapy in NSCLC With Mediastinal Nodes
The Lung ART trial was designed to demonstrate whether there is any benefit to the routine use of modern mediastinal postoperative radiotherapy in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stage IIIA N2 (ie, patients with mediastinal nodal involvement) following complete resection and neo...
A Primary Care Physician Explores Barriers to Cancer Prevention and Clinical Trial Accrual
To accelerate progress in the survival rates of people with cancer in the United States and to reduce cancer disparities across the entire spectrum of cancer from diagnosis to survivorship, there needs to be increased access to cancer screening and prevention programs. To shed light on this...
Mobilizing for Greater Equity in Health Care Despite the Challenges of COVID-19
The lockdown phase of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and continued measures, such as social distancing, while necessary, are disrupting cancer care in ways that will have consequences for months, if not years, to come. Studies are showing that delayed or suspended cancer treatments,...
Addition of Abemaciclib to Endocrine Therapy Reduces Recurrence in Early Breast Cancer
For the first time, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) has reduced the risk of invasive disease recurrence in patients with early breast cancer when combined with standard endocrine therapy, investigators reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Virtual...
LUNGevity Foundation Recognizes Recipients of 2020 Career Development Awards
LUNGevity Foundation, a nonprofit organization, recently announced three recipients of its 2020 Career Development Awards for lung cancer research. These awards were presented to Kathyrn Arbour, MD, Assistant Attending at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Carl Gay, MD, PhD, of The University...
Phase III NALA Trial Meets Primary Endpoint in Previously Treated HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Cristina Saura, MD, of Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, and colleagues, the phase III NALA trial has shown significantly prolonged progression-free survival with the irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor neratinib plus...
Tucatinib Combination Extends Survival in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer, Including Patients With Brain Metastases
For patients with progressing HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer previously treated with trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), no single regimen is an established standard of care. More than 50% of these patients will develop brain metastasis, and thus far, treatments...
Chemistry of Caring: Timeless Lessons From Oncology Fellowship
As a high school student growing up in St Petersburg, Russia, I was so obsessed with chemistry that I begged my professor for extra problems to complete after school. When I rode the bus home on cold winter evenings, I traced chemical reactions with my finger in the frost on the window. By the...
Managing Breast Cancer in a Pregnant Patient
“One of the most challenging oncologic situations is the diagnosis of breast cancer in a young pregnant patient,” Jacqueline Jeruss, MD, PhD, Associate Dean, Regulatory Affairs; Director of the Breast Care Center; and Professor of Surgery, Pathology, and Biomedical Engineering at the University of...
High-Risk, HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Treatment Options
Although most patients with breast cancer are considered to have an overall excellent prognosis, 600,000 people still die annually of the disease around the world. Even in HER2-positive breast cancer, a subtype that has seen a transformation of outcomes in the past 2 decades, there’s still room for ...
A Leading Light in Cancer Advances, Mary Lasker Used Wealth and Connections to Increase Funding for Medical Research
Born in Watertown, Wisconsin, in 1900, Mary Woodard Lasker was introduced to the ravages of cancer when she was just 3 or 4 years old and went with her mother to visit the family’s laundress, Mrs. Belter, who had just undergone surgery for breast cancer. On the way over to Mrs. Belter’s home, Ms....
HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Highlights 2019–2020 Almanac
The past 2 years have seen a dramatic change in the standard of care for patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer whose disease has progressed on trastuzumab. Promising new agents and combinations for later lines of therapy may also challenge current treatment strategies, according to...
Astragalus
The ASCO Post’s Integrative Oncology series is intended to facilitate the availability of evidence-based information on integrative and complementary therapies sometimes used by patients with cancer. In this installment, Yen Nien Hou, PharmD, DipIOM, LAc, and Jyothirmai Gubili, MS, focus on the...
Retrospective Analysis From the BIG 2-98 Trial of Adjuvant Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy for Early Breast Cancer
A retrospective analysis from the BIG 2-98 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Christine Desmedt, PhD, of the Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium, and colleagues showed poorer disease-free and overall survival with...
Red Flag Presentations of Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis in Patients With Multiple Myeloma
The ASCO Post is pleased to present Hematology Expert Review, an ongoing feature that occasionally quizzes readers on issues in hematology. In this installment, the authors highlight the most common type of systemic amyloidosis in the United States: immunoglobulin light chain [or amyloid light...
Cancer Therapy Based on Molecular Tumor Board Recommendations: Improvement in Outcomes?
Patients receiving care for advanced cancer based on the recommendations of a molecular tumor board were more likely to survive or experience a longer period without disease progression, according to results from a study published by Kato et al in Nature Communications. Razelle Kurzrock, MD,...
Breast Cancer Risk After Benign Breast Disease
Benign breast disease is known to increase the chances of subsequent breast cancer. According to Spanish researchers, the way benign breast disease is detected may be an indication of how likely it is to become cancerous. The findings from the team led by Xavier Castells, MD, PhD, Head of the...
Five-Year Outcomes: First-Line Nivolumab vs Dacarbazine in Advanced BRAF Wild-Type Melanoma
The 5-year outcomes of the CheckMate 066 trial, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Caroline Robert, MD, PhD, and colleagues, showed continued benefit of first-line nivolumab vs dacarbazine in advanced BRAF wild-type melanoma. The results add to data indicating that nivolumab can be...
Avelumab Maintenance Therapy in Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
In the phase III JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that maintenance treatment with avelumab plus best supportive care significantly improved overall survival vs best supportive care alone among patients whose...
Emerging Alternatives in the Third-Line Setting for Metastatic HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the post-trastuzumab era, a number of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved targeted agents for metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer are available, but there is no preferred option for third-line treatment and beyond. At the 2019 Chemotherapy Foundation Symposium, Shanu Modi, MD,...
First-Line Atezolizumab vs Chemotherapy in PD-L1–Positive Metastatic NSCLC: IMpower110
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase III IMpower110 trial has shown significantly prolonged overall survival with first-line atezolizumab vs platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)...
Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: All Eyes on These Novel Agents
New agents for the treatment of advanced HER2-positive breast cancer should be coming soon to your clinic, according to Sara A. Hurvitz, MD, Director of the Breast Cancer Clinical Research Program and Associate Professor of Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of...
Updates From Additional Clinical Trials in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Here we present summaries of several additional clinical trials in HER2-positive breast cancer reported over the past year. Jame Abraham, MD, Chair of the Division of Hematology and Oncology at the Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, shared his perspective on several of these trials presented ...
Phase III SOPHIA Trial Evaluates Margetuximab/Chemotherapy vs Trastuzumab/Chemotherapy for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
The second interim analysis of the phase III SOPHIA trial demonstrated a significant, though modest, improvement in progression-free survival, response rate, and clinical benefit with the addition of margetuximab to chemotherapy vs trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in patients with HER2-positive...
Abemaciclib/Fulvestrant/Trastuzumab for Patients With Previously Treated HR-Positive, HER2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer
In the phase II monarcHER trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sara M. Tolaney, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and colleagues, found that the combination of abemaciclib, fulvestrant, and trastuzumab prolonged progression-free survival vs trastuzumab plus standard-of-care...
Neratinib in Previously TreatedHER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: Point of View From the NALA Trial
Neratinib is an oral pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for two indications. The first is as adjuvant treatment of early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer following adjuvant trastuzumab therapy. The second is in combination with...
FDA Approves Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab for the First-Line Treatment of Unresectable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
On October 2, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the combination of nivolumab (Opdivo) plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) as first-line treatment for adult patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma. CheckMate 743 Efficacy was investigated in CheckMate 743, a randomized,...
IMpassion131: No Benefit for Atezolizumab Plus Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Based on some unexpected negative results, oncologists using atezolizumab for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer should pair it with nab-paclitaxel, not paclitaxel. In contrast to the overall survival benefit shown for atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel in the previous IMpassion130...
FDA Pipeline: Priority Review for Agents in Multiple Myeloma, Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Priority Review to therapies for pretreated patients with multiple myeloma and pediatric patients with ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma; granted Fast Track designation to novel agents in gastric/gastroesophageal junction...
Adjuvant Trastuzumab With or Without Chemotherapy for Older Patients With HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer
In the Japanese RESPECT trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sawaki et al found that noninferiority of adjuvant trastuzumab alone vs with chemotherapy was not shown for disease-free survival among women with HER2-positive breast cancer between the ages of 70 and 80 years. However, a...
