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Showing 30151 - 30200Postoperative Radiation Therapy May Improve Overall Survival in Incompletely Resected Stage II or III NSCLC
In a National Cancer Data Base analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wang et al found that postoperative radiation therapy has been declining in use in recent years but is associated with improved overall survival in patients with incompletely resected stage II or III...
ESMO World GI 2015: Second-Line Cetuximab Active Beyond Progression in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer that are free of mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA genes showed a significant benefit from continuing antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy beyond progression following first-line chemotherapy and an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody. ...
ESMO World GI 2015: Studies Confirm Regorafenib Benefit in Pretreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The phase IIIb CONSIGN trial has confirmed the benefit of regorafenib (Stivarga) in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer, researchers announced July 3 at the European Society for Medical Oncology World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer in Barcelona, Spain (Abstract...
Molecular Classification of Glioma Based on IDH Mutation, 1p/19q Codeletion, and TERT Promoter Mutation Status
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Eckel-Passow et al identified a molecular classification scheme for gliomas based on IDH mutation, codeletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion), and TERT promoter mutation status. Molecular Classification The study...
Chinese Study Finds Serum MicroRNA Classifier Better Than Alpha-Fetoprotein for Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lin et al developed a serum microRNA classifier that was more accurate than alpha-fetoprotein in detecting preclinical hepatocellular carcinoma. Study Details The study involved healthy controls, inactive hepatitis B surface antigen carriers,...
MASCC/ISOO 2015: Phase III Study of Single-Dose Fosaprepitant Dimeglumine in Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Researchers from Merck presented results from a phase III study investigating the safety and efficacy of single-dose fosaprepitant dimeglumine (Emend) for injection, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, in combination with other antivomiting medicines, for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced...
Better Outcome With Paclitaxel vs Nab-Paclitaxel or Ixabepilone Plus Bevacizumab in First-Line Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer
In the phase III CALGB 40502/NCCTG N063H/Alliance trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rugo et al found that outcomes in first-line treatment for advanced breast cancer were better with weekly paclitaxel plus bevacizumab (Avastin) compared with weekly nanoparticle albumin-bound...
MASCC/ISOO 2015: Data Show Disconnect Between Clinician and Patient Perceptions of Treatment-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Researchers from Norgine B.V. presented new data highlighting a perceptual gap between health-care professionals and patients in terms of the incidence and impact on patients’ daily life of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV/RINV) at the joint Multinational...
Dutch Study Indicates No Survival Benefit of Adding Metformin to Gemcitabine-Erlotinib in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
In a Dutch phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Kordes et al found that adding metformin to gemcitabine-erlotinib (Tarceva) did not improve overall survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Study Details In the double-blind study, 121 patients from four centers in the...
Phase II Trial Shows Activity of mTOR Inhibitor Ridaforolimus in Advanced Endometrial Carcinoma
In a randomized phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Oza et al found that the mTOR inhibitor ridaforolimus was active in previously treated advanced endometrial carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label study, 130 patients with progressive disease after one or two lines...
Survival Benefit of Surgery Lower for Low-Grade vs Higher-Grade Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
In a population-based cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Sagara et al found that the breast cancer–specific survival benefit associated with surgery for low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ is lower than that associated with surgery for intermediate- or high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ. ...
ESMO World GI 2015: SENRI Trial Evaluates NK1 Antagonists for Emesis Prevention in Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy
The SENRI trial has opened the window to evaluate neurokinin 1 (NK1) antagonists for emesis prevention in patients taking oxaliplatin chemotherapy, said European Society for Medical Oncology World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer (ESMO) spokesperson and antiemetics expert Fausto Roila, MD....
ESMO World GI 2015: Low Body Mass Index Associated With Poorer Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Although being overweight with a high body mass index (BMI) has long been associated with a higher risk for colorectal cancer, thinner patients might not fare as well as previously expected after treatment for advanced cancer, according to a new study from Duke Medicine. The study, which was...
Differences in Patient-Reported Outcomes but Not Global Quality of Life With Exemestane vs Tamoxifen in Early Breast Cancer With Ovarian Suppression
In a pooled analysis of the TEXT and SOFT trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bernhard et al found no difference in global quality of life with exemestane vs tamoxifen in women with early breast cancer undergoing ovarian suppression. The two agents were associated with differences in specific...
No Benefit of Adding CT to Basic Screening for Occult Cancer in Patients With Unprovoked Venous Thromboembolism
In a Canadian study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Carrier et al found that adding computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis to basic screening did not improve detection of occult cancers in patients with a first episode of unprovoked venous thromboembolism. Venous...
Low Axillary Recurrence/Mortality Among Older Women With Node-Negative Breast Cancer Undergoing Breast-Conserving Surgery Without Sentinel Node Biopsy
In a single institution study reported in JAMA Surgery, Chung et al found a low axillary recurrence rate and low mortality among women with clinical T1–2N0 breast cancer aged ≥ 70 years who underwent breast-conserving surgery without sentinel node biopsy. Study Details The study involved ...
Development of New Blood Vessels Not Essential to Growth of Lymph Node Metastases
While the use of antiangiogenesis drugs that block the growth of new blood vessels can improve the treatment of some cancers, clinical trials of their ability to prevent the development of new metastases have failed. Now a study from the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center may have...
New Biomarkers Might Help Personalize Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treatment
Metastatic colorectal cancer patients have improved survival rates when they respond to the first line of chemotherapy their doctors recommend. To better predict how patients will respond to chemotherapeutic agents before they begin treatment, researchers at University of California (UC) San Diego...
Four-Gene Model Predicts Response to Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy for Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Turnbull et al identified a four-gene predictive model of response to aromatase inhibitor therapy that was highly predictive of response on the basis of pretreatment and 2-week on-treatment measurements. The classifier was a significant predictor of...
Phase II Trial Indicates No Benefit of Sorafenib, Temsirolimus, or Bevacizumab Doublets vs Bevacizumab Alone in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a randomized phase II trial (BEST; ECOG-ACRIN E2804) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Flaherty et al found that adding the VEGFR inhibitor sorafenib (Nexavar) or the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus (Torisel) to the VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab (Avastin) or using sorafenib-temsirolimus in...
Boosted Radiation Dose May Make Some Pancreatic Cancers Resectable
Because of their location, cancers on the pancreas often invade and wrap around nearby veins and arteries in the abdomen. When these vessels become involved, surgery to remove the cancer, which is typically the standard treatment, becomes significantly more difficult—sometimes impossible....
Immune Signaling Protein May Have Opposing Roles in Breast Cancer Development
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that inhibiting the immune receptor protein TLR4 may not be a wise treatment strategy in all cancers, as research now shows TLR4 can either promote or inhibit breast cancer cell growth depending on mutations in...
Citrus Fruit Consumption May Be Linked to An Increased Risk of Melanoma
A large population-based prospective analysis of the consumption of psoralen-rich citrus products and the risk of malignant melanoma has found that the melanoma risk was 36% higher in people who consumed citrus fruit or juice at least 1.6 times daily compared with those who consumed it less than...
Phase II Study Shows Activity of Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor Alisertib in Relapsed/Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
In a phase II Intergroup trial (SWOG 1108) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Barr et al found that the aurora A kinase inhibitor alisertib produced responses in patients with relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Aurora A kinase is upregulated in highly...
Adding Everolimus to First-Line Trastuzumab-Paclitaxel Does Not Increase Progression-Free Survival in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase III BOLERO-1 trial, reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hurvitz et al found that the addition of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (Afinitor) to trastuzumab (Herceptin)-paclitaxel did not significantly increase progression-free survival among patients with HER2-positive advanced breast...
Study Finds Current Prices of Hematologic Cancer Drugs Are Not Justified
The costs associated with cancer drug prices have risen dramatically over the past 15 years, a trend concerning to many oncologists. In a new analysis, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center concluded that the majority of existing treatments for hematologic cancers are...
Study Finds Significant Drop in New Prostate Cancer Diagnoses
A new study led by Vanderbilt University Medical Center investigators found new diagnoses of prostate cancer in the United States declined 28% in the year following the draft recommendation from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) against routine prostate-specific antigen (PSA)...
Cardio-Oncology Services May Improve Patient Care if More Widely Available
The impact of cancer treatments on cardiovascular health is an important consideration when treating cancer patients. However, many hospital training programs have no formal training or services in cardio-oncology, and a lack of national guidelines and a lack of funding are frequent barriers to...
ETV6 Mutation May Trigger Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The results of a nearly 10-year investigation that identified a key gene mutation that can trigger acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and several other types of cancer were recently published by Noetzli et al in Nature Genetics. The findings have, for the first time, pinpointed a mutation that...
No Significant Overall Survival Benefit With Second-Line Ramucirumab After Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In the phase III REACH trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Zhu et al found that the anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody ramucirumab (Cyramza) did not significantly improve overall survival vs placebo in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who had received first-line treatment with the...
Study Finds Annual Low-Dose CT Screening Effective in Identifying Precancerous Lung Nodules
A large international prospective study investigating the safety and effectiveness of using annual low-dose computed tomography (CT) as a screening tool to monitor nonsolid lung nodules has found that CT was accurate in identifying nodules that were likely to become cancerous. The study also found...
Long-Term Follow-Up of E1199 Trial Shows Maintained Benefit of Adjuvant Weekly Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer, Particularly Triple-Negative Disease
In long-term follow-up of the phase III E1199 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sparano et al, adjuvant weekly paclitaxel and every-3-week docetaxel were associated with significantly longer disease-free survival and numerically longer overall survival vs every-3-week paclitaxel ...
High Graft CD8 Cell Dose Predicts Improved Survival in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation With Reduced-Intensity Conditioning
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Reshef et al found that high graft CD8 cell dose was associated with improved overall survival among patients with hematologic malignancy receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning....
Importance of Establishing Definitions to Increase Survival After Blood/Marrow Transplant
Blood and marrow transplantation is a potentially curative treatment for patients with leukemia or other life-threating blood diseases. With a goal of increasing survival rates, a research team led by Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) investigators verified patient outcome data submitted by more ...
Early Menarche May Play a Role in Development of Aggressive Breast Cancer in African American Women
Early age at menarche could play a role in the disproportionate incidence of estrogen receptor–negative breast cancers diagnosed among African American women, according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The study is a result of a multicenter collaborative...
Statin Use at Start of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Increases Time to Progression During Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer
Statin use has been associated with improved outcome in prostate cancer. In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Harshman et al found that statin use at the time of initiation of androgen-deprivation therapy was associated with prolonged time to progression during androgen-deprivation therapy in men...
ASCO Publishes Conceptual Framework to Assess the Value of New Cancer Treatment Options
In a press conference today, ASCO detailed the contents of the initial version of a conceptual framework for assessing the value of new cancer treatment options based on the treatment’s clinical benefit, side effects, and cost. Other important measures, such as quality of life and...
Transient Adverse Quality-of-Life Impact of Radiotherapy Added to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Brundage et al found that the addition of radiotherapy to androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer in the NCIC CTG PR3/MRC PR07 trial had a transient negative impact on health-related quality of life over ...
Increased Use of Nephron-Sparing Surgery in Older Patients With Small Kidney Cancers
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Huang et al found that use of nephron-sparing surgery has more than doubled since 2001 among older patients with small kidney cancers. Use of nonsurgical approaches has remained stable. Study Details The study involved Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End...
Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib Improves Overall Survival vs Dabrafenib in BRAF V600–Mutant Melanoma
Overall survival results of a phase III COMBI-d trial reported in The Lancet by Long et al showed that the combination of the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) with the MEK inhibitor trametinib (Mekinist) resulted in significantly prolonged overall survival vs dabrafenib alone in patients with...
Abdominal Blood Clots May Indicate Undiagnosed Cancer
New research published by Søgaard et al in Blood found that blood clots in the abdominal veins might be an indicator of undiagnosed cancer. The study also suggests that these clots predict poorer survival in patients with liver and pancreatic cancer. Clotting and Cancer Risk Compared to...
Chemotherapy May Be Preferred Option for Some With Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a small clinical trial, scientists at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute found that men with advanced prostate cancer and detection of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) respond to chemotherapy just as well as men who lack the variant. The...
Subset of Patients With Luminal A Breast Cancer May Not Benefit From Radiotherapy
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Liu et al found that a subset of patients with luminal A breast cancer may not need radiotherapy to prevent relapse. Study Details The study involved samples from 501 older patients with node-negative disease who were randomized to...
National Cancer Data Base Analysis Indicates Survival Benefit of Adding Radiotherapy to ADT in Clinically Node-Positive Prostate Cancer
In an analysis reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Lin et al found that the addition of radiotherapy to androgen-deprivation therapy was associated with a significant improvement in overall survival in patients with clinically node-positive prostate cancer. Study Details The ...
Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Biologically Informative Alterations in the Majority of Metastatic Cancers
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Beltran et al found that whole-exome sequencing of metastatic and treatment-resistant cancers revealed biologically informative alterations in the majority of cases. Although treatment recommendations could be made in the majority of cases, treatment was guided ...
Prenatal DDT Exposure Tied to Nearly Fourfold Increase in Breast Cancer Risk
Women who were exposed to higher levels of the pesticide DDT in utero were nearly four times more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer as adults than women who were exposed to lower levels before birth, according to a study published by Cohn et al in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & ...
ASCO 2015: Gene Therapy Paired With Traditional Surgical Resection Benefits Patients With Glioblastoma
Houston Methodist Neurological Institute neurosurgeon David Baskin, MD, presented preliminary data from a phase II clinical trial that suggests gene therapy (AdV-Tk therapy), which uses a mediated herpes simplex virus, combined with a traditional treatment—surgical resection—could ...
National Cancer Database Analysis Identifies Characteristics of 10-Year Survivors of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
In an analysis reported in JAMA Surgery, Paniccia et al identified patient and treatment characteristics that were associated with survival of at least 10 years after diagnosis of invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, including lower positive lymph node ratio, receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy, ...
Large Survival Disparity Within 2 Years of Diagnosis for Black vs White Women With ER-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study assessing factors in racial/ethnic survival disparities in breast cancer reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Warner et al found that black women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer were significantly more likely to die from the disease within the first 2 years of ...
Assay Permits Rapid Molecular Characterization of Glioma
As reported in JAMA Oncology, Shankar et al developed a rapid genotyping assay to detect single nucleotide variants in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) genes that may assist in intraoperative decisions to perform definitive neurosurgical...
