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Showing 2151 - 2200Simulation Model–Based Clinical Decision Tool for Predicting Benefit of Adjuvant Chemoendocrine vs Endocrine Therapy in HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jayasekera et al have developed a clinical decision tool called BTxChoice that can be used with or without the 21-gene recurrence score to estimate the potential benefit of adjuvant chemoendocrine vs endocrine therapy in women with node-negative,...
Hypofractionated Image-Guided vs Conventional Radiotherapy in Patients With Stage II/III NSCLC Ineligible for Concurrent Chemoradiation
In a phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Puneeth Iyengar, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that accelerated hypofractionated image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) did not improve 1-year overall survival vs conventional radiotherapy in patients with stage II/III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who ...
Addition of Entinostat to Exemestane in Aromatase Inhibitor–Resistant, HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Roisin M. Connolly, MB, BCh, MD, and colleagues, the phase III ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group E2112 trial showed no significant improvement in progression-free or overall survival with the addition of the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat...
Teclistamab Shows Efficacy, Produces Durable Responses in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In a phase I trial (MajesTEC-1) reported in The Lancet, Saad Z. Usmani, MD, FACP, and colleagues found that the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-CD3 bispecific antibody teclistamab produced a high rate of durable responses at the recommended phase II dose in patients with relapsed or refractory...
Genomic-Adjusted Radiation Dose Model to Predict Radiotherapy Benefit Across Cancer Types
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Scott et al found that application of the genomic-adjusted radiation dose (GARD) model to cohorts of patients with different types of cancer showed a significant association of GARD with benefit of radiotherapy. As stated by the investigators, “We...
VOYAGER Trial: Avapritinib vs Regorafenib in Molecularly Unselected Previously Treated Advanced GIST
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Yoon-Koo Kang, MD, and colleagues, the phase III VOYAGER trial showed no improvement in progression-free survival with avapritinib vs regorafenib as third- or later-line treatment of patients with molecularly unselected, locally advanced,...
Seroconversion After COVID-19 Vaccination in Adult Patients With Hematologic Malignancies
In a single-institution retrospective study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Ollila et al found a low rate of seroconversion after COVID-19 vaccination among adult patients with hematologic malignancies. Study Details The study included 160 patients at Rhode Island Hospital receiving ...
Meta-analysis of Outcomes With the Addition of Adjuvant Trastuzumab to Chemotherapy for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study conducted by the Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group and reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bradley et al, an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomized trials has shown that the addition of adjuvant trastuzumab to chemotherapy reduces the risk of disease...
Financial Toxicity Associated With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer
In a study of National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Valero-Elizondo et al found that U.S. adult patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) were at greater risk of financial toxicity than those with cancer alone, with risk being the greatest ...
Causes of Death Among Men Diagnosed With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data reported in JAMA Network Open, Elmehrath et al found that a substantial proportion of men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer between 2000 and 2016 in the United States died from causes unrelated to...
Amivantamab for Patients With EGFR Exon 20 Insertion–Mutated NSCLC After Disease Progression on Platinum Therapy
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Keunchil Park, MD, PhD, and colleagues, amivantamab-vmjw given at the selected phase II dose in a phase I trial (CHRYSALIS) produced durable responses in patients with EGFR exon 20 insertion–mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease...
Evaluation of Baseline Cancer Mortality Risk in Medicaid Expansion and Nonexpansion States
In a study of National Cancer Database data reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Salazar et al found little difference in baseline cancer mortality rates between U.S. states that expanded Medicaid enrollment and nonexpansion states prior to expansion in 2009 and immediately following...
Risk of Early Cardiac Toxicity With Posttransplantation Cyclophosphamide After HSCT
In a French single-center retrospective cohort study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Duléry et al found that posttransplantation cyclophosphamide was associated with a significantly increased risk of early cardiac events among patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation...
Addition of Avelumab to Chemotherapy in Previously Untreated Patients With Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: JAVELIN Ovarian 100 Trial
As reported by Bradley J. Monk, MD, and colleagues in The Lancet Oncology, the phase III JAVELIN Ovarian 100 trial showed no progression-free survival benefit with the addition of concurrent and/or maintenance avelumab to chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with advanced epithelial...
Ribociclib Plus Topotecan/Temozolomide or Everolimus in Pediatric Patients With Advanced Cancer Enriched for Target Pathway Alterations
In a European platform trial (AcSé-ESMART) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bautista et al found evidence of activity of the CDK4/6 inhibitor ribociclib plus the mTOR inhibitor everolimus in a population of children with recurrent or refractory malignancies enriched for alterations in...
No Progression-Free Survival Benefit With First-Line Avelumab Plus Chemoradiotherapy in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Nancy Y. Lee, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, the phase III JAVELIN Head and Neck 100 trial has shown no improvement in progression-free survival with the addition of the PD-L1 inhibitor avelumab to chemoradiotherapy in patients...
Mortality Risk With Adjuvant vs Early Salvage Radiotherapy in Men With Adverse Pathology at Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Derya Tilki, MD, of Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital-Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, and colleagues found that adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with reduced risk for all-cause mortality vs early...
Adjuvant Nivolumab Improves Disease-Free Survival in High-Risk Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Dean F. Bajorin, MD, of the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the phase III CheckMate 274 trial has shown improved disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo...
S-1 Chemoradiation vs Radiotherapy Alone in Patients Aged 70 to 85 With Esophageal Cancer
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Ji et al found that concurrent chemoradiation with S-1 was associated with improved overall survival and acceptable toxicity vs radiotherapy alone in older patients with esophageal cancer. As stated by the investigators, “Most older patients ...
Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab in Previously Treated Patients With HER2-Positive Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Milind Javle, MD, and colleagues, findings in a cohort of the phase IIa MyPathway multiple basket study showed that the combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab produced responses in some previously treated patients with HER2-positive metastatic biliary tract...
Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy Followed by Intrathoracic vs Cervical Anastomosis for Esophageal Cancer
In a Dutch trial reported in JAMA Surgery, van Workum and colleagues found that intrathoracic anastomosis following total or hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer was associated with significantly reduced risk of anastomotic leakage requiring intervention and other...
NRG-LU001 Trial: Addition of Metformin to Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced NSCLC
In the phase II NRG-LU001 trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Skinner et al found that the addition of metformin to concurrent chemoradiation did not improve progression-free survival or overall survival at 1 year in patients with unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Study...
Comparison of I-131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine–Containing Regimens in Relapsed or Refractory Neuroblastoma
In a phase II New Approaches to Neuroblastoma Therapy (NANT) consortium study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, DuBois et al found that combining the radiotherapeutic I-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) with vorinostat produced a higher response rate in relapsed or refractory...
Adjuvant Nivolumab Improves Disease-Free Survival in High-Risk Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma
As reported inThe New England Journal of Medicine by Dean F. Bajorin, MD, of the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the phase III CheckMate 274 trial has shown improved disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo...
Adding Short-Term Androgen Suppression to Radiotherapy for Patients With Localized Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: Long-Term Findings
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Bolla et al, a 12-year analysis among patients with localized intermediate-risk prostate cancer in the EORTC 22991 trial showed improved event-free and disease-free survival with the addition of 6 months of concomitant and adjuvant androgen...
ELEVATE-RR Trial: Acalabrutinib vs Ibrutinib in Previously Treated Patients With CLL
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by John C. Byrd, MD, and colleagues, the phase III ELEVATE-RR trial has shown noninferior progression-free survival with the more selective Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor acalabrutinib vs the less selective inhibitor ibrutinib in previously...
Outcomes With 2 vs 5 Years of Hormone Therapy Following Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Postmenopausal Women With HR-Positive Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Michael Gnant, MD, and colleagues found no difference in disease-free survival with 2 vs 5 years of treatment with the aromatase inhibitor anastrozole in postmenopausal women with early hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast...
Revised Children’s Oncology Group Neuroblastoma Risk Classification System
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Irwin et al, the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) has developed a new neuroblastoma risk classification (COG version 2) that uses the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Staging System (INRGSS) and incorporates segmental chromosome aberrations as ...
Pulsed Vincristine/Dexamethasone Maintenance in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In a Chinese phase III trial (CCCG-ALL-2015) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yang et al found that 1 year of maintenance therapy with pulsed vincristine and dexamethasone was noninferior to 2 years in low-risk pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and was borderline inferior in...
Tremelimumab, Durvalumab, or Both in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a randomized expansion phase of a phase I/II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Robin Kate Kelley, MD, and colleagues found that a novel regimen consisting of a single priming dose of tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab was associated with good outcomes in patients with...
Addition of Metformin to Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced NSCLC
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Tsakiridis et al, the Canadian phase II OCOG-ALMERA trial, which was closed early due to slow accrual, showed that the addition of metformin to chemoradiation therapy was associated with worse outcomes in patients with unresected locally advanced non–small cell lung ...
Breakthrough COVID-19 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Health-Care Workers
In an Israeli single-institution prospective cohort study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Bergwerk et al identified breakthrough COVID-19 infections among 39 of 1,497 health-care workers fully vaccinated with the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine. As stated by the investigators:...
Impact of Nurse Navigation Program on Outcomes in Minority Patients With Aggressive Lymphoma
In a single-institution study reported in the journal Cancer, Hu et al found that use of a dedicated nurse navigation program contributed to redressing the recognized inequities in care and outcomes between minority patients and White patients with aggressive large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). As...
Continuous Azacitidine vs Reduced-Intensity Conditioning HSCT in Older Patients With Advanced Myelodysplastic Syndrome
In the German phase II VidazaAllo study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kröger et al found that switching from azacitidine to reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) contingent upon donor availability was associated with better outcomes ...
Carboplatin Intensification for the Treatment of Pediatric High-Risk Medulloblastoma
In a Children’s Oncology Group (COG) phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Leary et al found that the addition of carboplatin to radiotherapy in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed high-risk medulloblastoma improved event-free survival in the group 3 molecular subgroup but not in others....
Incidence of Axillary Adenopathy in Screening or Diagnostic Mammography After COVID-19 Vaccination
In a single-center retrospective study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Robinson et al found a vaccine-related axillary adenopathy incidence rate of 3% among women undergoing screening or diagnostic mammography within 90 days of receipt of at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine....
Frailty and Neurocognitive Decline Among Young Adult Childhood Cancer Survivors
In a prospective study from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Williams et al found that prefrailty and frailty among young adult childhood cancer survivors were associated with neurocognitive decline vs nonfrail counterparts, mirroring the association...
Association of Baseline Fatigue With Survival and Adverse Events in Patients With Advanced Cancer
In an analysis of four SWOG clinical trials of patients with advanced cancer reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Mo et al found that clinically significant fatigue at baseline was associated with poorer survival and increased risk of severe adverse events. Study Details The analysis included data...
Perioperative or Postoperative Oxaliplatin/S-1 vs Postoperative Oxaliplatin/Capecitabine for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
In the Chinese phase III RESOLVE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Zhang et al found that perioperative S-1/oxaliplatin was superior to—and adjuvant S-1/oxaliplatin was noninferior to—adjuvant capecitabine/oxaliplatin in terms of disease-free survival in patients undergoing D2 gastrectomy for...
Risk of Breast Cancer in Women Older Than Age 65 With Germline Pathogenic Variants in Predisposition Genes
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Boddicker et al found that women older than age 65 in the general population who carry germline pathogenic variants in established high-risk breast cancer predisposition genes remain at significant risk of late-onset breast cancer and should...
Complication Rates Among Central Venous Access Devices Compared
In the CAVA trial reported in The Lancet, Moss et al found that among central venous access devices used for the delivery of systemic anticancer therapy, totally implanted ports (PORTs) were associated with significantly reduced rates of complications compared with Hickman-type tunneled catheters...
Comparison of First-Line Chemotherapy Strategies in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
In a French phase II trial (PANOPTIMOX-PRODIGE) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dahan et al found that 4 months of FOLFIRINOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, oxaliplatin) followed by leucovorin/fluorouracil maintenance was associated with favorable outcomes vs 6 months of...
Trends in Opioid Prescriptions Among Patients With Cancer Near the End of Life
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Enzinger et al found that the prescription of opioids for cancer pain dropped markedly in the recent past among patients with poor-prognosis disease near the end of life, with the frequency of pain-related emergency department visits...
Cancer vs Non–Cancer-Related Deaths Among Older Patients Selected for Surgical Treatment
In a Canadian population-based cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Chesney et al found that the 5-year rate of cancer-related deaths exceeded that of non–cancer-related deaths among patients aged 70 or older undergoing surgery for cancer. Study Details The study used data from ICES (formerly...
Prostate Cancer Surgery Rates in Black vs White Men With Nonmetastatic Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Bernstein et al found that prostatectomy rates during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic were dramatically lower among Black men vs White men with previously untreated nonmetastatic prostate cancer. Study Details The study involved...
Global Estimates of New Cancers Attributable to Alcohol Use in 2020
In a population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Rumgay et al provided estimates of the global incidence of new cancers attributable to alcohol consumption, including the estimate that 4.1% of all new cases in 2020 were related to alcohol use. Study Details In the study, population...
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab Improves Distant Metastasis–Free Survival in Resected High-Risk Stage III Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Alexander M.M. Eggermont, MD, of Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands, and colleagues, the pivotal phase III EORTC 1325/KEYNOTE-054 trial has shown significant improvement in the secondary endpoint of distant metastasis–free survival, as well as...
Lorlatinib for Metastatic ALK-Positive NSCLC
On March 3, 2021, lorlatinib was granted regular approval for treatment of patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ALK-positive tumors as detected by a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved test.1,2 The FDA simultaneously approved the Ventana ALK (D5F3) CDx Assay ...
Tivozanib for Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
On March 10, 2021, the VEGF tyrosine kinase inhibitor tivozanib was approved for treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory advanced renal cell carcinoma following at least two prior systemic therapies.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in the open-label, phase III...
Dostarlimab-gxly for Mismatch Repair–Deficient Recurrent or Advanced Endometrial Cancer
On April 22, 2021, the PD-1 inhibitor dostarlimab-gxly was granted accelerated approval for treatment of adults with mismatch repair–deficient recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer, as determined by a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved test, that has progressed on or following a...
