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multiple myeloma

Proposed Threshold for Circulating Tumor Plasma Cells to Define Plasma Cell Leukemia–Like Multiple Myeloma

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jelinek et al provided evidence that a threshold of ≥ 2% circulating tumor plasma cells (CTCs) defines the presence of plasma cell leukemia (PCL)-like multiple myeloma. As stated by the investigators, “Primary PCL is the most aggressive...

breast cancer
lymphoma
survivorship

Cost-Effectiveness of COG Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines for Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors Who Received Chest Irradiation

In a cost-effective analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wong et al found that only the mammography component of the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) breast cancer screening guidelines for chest-irradiated Hodgkin lymphoma survivors was cost-effective; magnetic resonance imaging...

lung cancer
immunotherapy

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Patients Living With HIV: Safe and Effective in Metastatic NSCLC

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are safe and effective for people living with HIV who have metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to data presented by El Zarif et al at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) 2022 Annual Meeting (Abstract 437). Findings from the first matched...

immunotherapy
cardio-oncology

Hormone Therapy May Lower Risk of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Associated Myocarditis in Female Patients

Researchers may have discovered the underlying cause of sex differences in immune checkpoint inhibitor–associated myocarditis after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, according to a novel study published by Zhang et al in Science Translational Medicine. Their findings pointed to possible...

issues in oncology

My White Coat Doesn’t Fit

There I was, crying once again all the way from the hospital’s parking lot to my apartment, into the shower, and while trying to fall asleep. This had become the norm during my internal medicine residency. For years, I tried hard every day to be someone else to fit in. It started with off-hand...

hepatobiliary cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Robin Kate Kelley, MD

Robin Kate Kelley, MD, Professor of Clinical Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, was invited to discuss the results of LEAP-002.1 She said the main takeaway is that lenvatinib monotherapy is active as a preferred first-line agent for fit patients who have contraindications to...

head and neck cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Glenn J. Hanna, MD, and Sherene Loi, MD, PhD

The ASCO Post asked for comment from Glenn J. Hanna, MD, Director of the Center for Salivary and Rare Head and Neck Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Assistant Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Hanna said it is important to put the findings of KEYNOTE-4121 into context...

SWOG Names Don S. Dizon, MD, Vice Chair for Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Professional Integrity

After nearly a year-long search, the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) has announced its new Vice Chair for Diversity, Equity, Inclusion (DEI), and Professional Integrity: Don S. Dizon, MD, who is currently Chair of the organization’s Digital Engagement Committee. Dr. Dizon is Director of the Pelvic...

colorectal cancer

Phase III FRESCO-2 Trial of Fruquintinib Meets Primary Endpoint in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

HUTCHMED (China) Limited recently announced that the global phase III FRESCO-2 trial evaluating the investigational use of the anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tyrosine kinase inhibitor fruquintinib met its primary endpoint of overall survival in patients with advanced, refractory...

breast cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Shom Goel, MBBS, PhD

The invited discussant of the post hoc analysis of TROPiCS-02 was Shom Goel, MBBS, PhD, Laboratory Group Leader at the University of Melbourne and a consultant oncologist at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre in Australia. Dr. Goel noted there remains much to learn about the HER2-low subset of...

ASCO Releases Updated Resource-Stratified Guideline for the Secondary Prevention of Cervical Cancer

A new resource-stratified ASCO guideline update provides new evidence-based recommendations for the secondary prevention of cervical cancer in various resource settings.1 In the updated guideline, the screening recommendations cover basic, limited, enhanced, and maximal resource settings. Since...

breast cancer
immunotherapy

TROPiCS-02: Efficacy of Sacituzumab Govitecan Within HER2-Negative Subsets of Breast Cancer

In a post hoc analysis of the phase III TROPiCS-02 trial, sacituzumab govite­can-hziy improved efficacy outcomes in HER2-negative immunohistochemistry (IHC) subgroups.1 Results were consistent with those of the intent-to-treat population of hormone receptor–positive/HER2-negative advanced breast...

Study Sheds Light on Need for Optimal Dosing Standards for Patients With Metastatic Cancer

A new study, published recently in JCO Oncology Practice, found that oncologists have different perspectives on how to select starting doses for patients with metastatic cancer.1 The study shared findings from a 2021 international survey of 367 medical oncologists who treat patients with metastatic ...

prostate cancer

ASCO Treatment Guidance for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Updated to Include LuPSMA

An updated ASCO guideline recommends lutetium-177–labeled PSMA-617 (LuPSMA), a targeted radioligand therapy, for patients with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who have been treated with one prior line of androgen receptor pathway...

skin cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Ignacio Melero, MD, PhD

Ignacio Melero, MD, PhD, Professor of Immunology and Co-Director of the Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy at the Clinica Universidad de Navarra in Spain, was the invited discussant of the M14TIL study. He noted that a 50% relative reduction in the risk of disease progression is impressive...

breast cancer

Expert Point of View: Meritxell Bellet Ezquerra, MD, PhD, and Sung-Bae Kim, MD, PhD

The MONARCH 3 study’s invited discussant, Meritxell Bellet Ezquerra, MD, PhD, a senior researcher at the Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology in Barcelona, commented: “The second interim analysis for overall survival in MONARCH 31 indicates a positive trend, which was also observed for the subgroup...

lung cancer

Expert Point of View: Anand Devaraj, MD, PhD

Abstract discussant Anand Devaraj, MD, PhD, Professor in Thoracic Radiology at Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, and Professor of Thoracic Radiology at the National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, highlighted the increased risk of second primary tumors among current...

breast cancer

Overall Survival in Two Monarch Trials of Abemaciclib in Advanced Breast Cancer

Overall survival results from two trials of abemaciclib in advanced breast cancer were reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2022. Both MONARCH 3 and monarcHER previously met their primary endpoints of progression-free survival. The current results for overall...

Erica Huelsmann, MD, Wins a Conquer Cancer Annual Meeting Merit Award

Erica Huelsmann, MD, a gynecologic oncology fellow at Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, has been awarded a 2022 Conquer Cancer Merit Award by Conquer Cancer, the ASCO Foundation. The award, given at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting, supports researchers with projects that span many areas of...

lung cancer

I’ve Had Two Primary Lung Cancers, and They Haven’t Defeated Me

I don’t know why I am so susceptible to developing lung cancer. Since 2014, I have been diagnosed with both non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer, each occurring in my right lung. I have also been diagnosed with precancerous colon polyps, which necessitated invasive surgery. ...

cost of care

Multilayered Approach to Financial Toxicity Solutions for Patients With Cancer and Their Families

With out-of-pocket costs of cancer care exceeding $21 billion in 2019, financial toxicity among patients and their families in the United States has become too prevalent to ignore. In fact, more than 50% of working-age survivors now report at least one material, psychological, or behavioral domain...

HPV Vaccine ‘Works Astonishingly Well’

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine “works astonishingly well. It really prevents the kind of infections that cause cancer,” commented Ruanne Barnabas, MBChB, MSc, DPhil, MD, PhD, in an interview with The ASCO Post. “Other viral infections are difficult to protect against, or there might be...

lymphoma
immunotherapy

ECHELON-1 Shows Benefit for First-Line Brentuximab Vedotin Plus AVD in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma

The results of ECHELON-1 were presented by David J. Straus, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, at the 2022 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Annual Congress: Hematologic Malignancies. Dr. Straus said: “It is a great honor and privilege to present updated results...

gynecologic cancers
global cancer care

Global Effort to Eliminate Cervical Cancer: HPV Vaccinations Are Steadily Increasing in the United States, but Barriers Still Exist

To achieve its goal of eliminating cervical cancer, the World Health Organization (WHO) is calling on all countries “to reach and maintain an incidence rate of below 4 per 100,000 women.” Doing so would depend on the following: A total of 90% of girls being fully vaccinated against human...

leukemia

The Evolving Role of PI3K Inhibitors in Double-Refractory CLL

The treatment paradigm for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) continues to evolve in the first-line setting and beyond, with the availability of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, and novel combinations of these agents with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies....

NCI Honors Augusto Ochoa, MD, for Contributions to Community-Based Cancer Clinical Trials

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) chose Augusto Ochoa, MD, of Louisiana State University (LSU) Health, as the 2022 recipient of the Harry Hynes Award for Outstanding Contributions to Clinical Trials and Community Research. The award was presented during the NCI Community Oncology Research Program ...

leukemia

With Newer Therapies, AML Diagnosis and Prognosis Evolve

For many years, treatment options for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were limited mainly to the 7 + 3 regimen. However, more recently, a mini-explosion of AML therapies aimed at newly identified genetic targets makes discussions about treatment of this disease much more complicated. In fact, these...

prostate cancer

Lutetium Lu-177 Vipivotide Tetraxetan for PSMA-Positive Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

On March 23, 2022, the radioligand therapeutic agent lutetium Lu-177 vipivotide tetraxetan was approved for treatment of patients with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who have been treated with an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor ...

lymphoma
immunotherapy

High-Dose Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Transplant vs CAR T-Cell Therapy for Resistant DLBCL

Which is the preferred second-line treatment option for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL): high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy? This was the subject of a debate at the...

issues in oncology

New Directions for Cancer Care: Major Trends in U.S. Health Policy

The pace of cancer drug development may have accelerated over the past decade, but so too has the cost of care, which threatens to limit access for a large percentage of Americans in the decade to come. During the keynote lecture at the 2022 ASCO Quality Care Symposium, Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD, ...

pain management

Integrative Approaches to Managing Pain in Patients With Cancer: SIO-ASCO Guideline

Pain is highly prevalent in people with cancer throughout the disease trajectory. Often persisting for years after initial diagnosis and undertreated, it is associated with poor functional, mental, and cancer-related outcomes.1 Consequently, the need for effective pain management strategies has...

lung cancer
genomics/genetics

Sotorasib: A New Standard of Care for Second- or Third-Line Treatment of KRAS G12C–Mutated NSCLC?

The KRAS G12C inhibitor sotorasib doubled the rate of progression-free survival at 12 months and reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 34% compared with standard second-line docetaxel for patients with previously treated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and KRAS G12C mutations....

breast cancer

Study Finds Nearly Half of Black Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer Never Receive Information About Clinical Trial Participation

When Stephanie L. Walker, RN, was diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer in 2015, she was not given information about an appropriate clinical trial or help navigating her way through the financial difficulties she was having after a stroke from complications of the cancer forced her to leave her...

issues in oncology

How to Advance Antiracist Approaches to Patient Engagement in AYA Oncology and Research

Among the topics discussed at the 4th Global Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Congress held online in December 2021 was the urgent need for clinicians, researchers, and advocates in adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology to join forces to eradicate racist approaches to patient engagement in...

leukemia

Newly Diagnosed AML: Induction to Maintenance

When it is dark enough, you can see the stars.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson Low-intensity therapy for older or unfit patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was introduced in the early 2000s in the form of low-dose cytarabine or hypomethylation therapy (azacitidine or decitabine). Recent studies...

lymphoma

‘TRANSFORMING’ Our Thinking About Second-Line Therapy for High-Risk Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Bring in the CARs

As reported in The Lancet by Kamdar et al,1 and summarized in this issue of The ASCO Post, the international phase III TRANSFORM trial was completed in 184 patients with primary refractory or early (≤ 12 months) relapsed large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). Patients were randomly assigned to receive...

solid tumors
genomics/genetics

NCI-MATCH Trial: Ipatasertib Shows Signs of Effectiveness in Patients With AKT1 E17K–Mutant Solid Tumors

In the NCI-MATCH trial, which matches new treatments to patients with cancer based on the genetic makeup of their tumors, 22% of patients with AKT1 E17K–mutant metastatic tumors treated with the AKT inhibitor ipatasertib saw their tumors shrink, according to a novel study published by Kalinksy et...

genomics/genetics

Phase I Trial Shows Experimental Mini-Protein May Be Able to Inhibit the Cancer-Driving MYC Gene

Researchers have found that a new drug may be able to target—and for the first time, inhibit—the function of the MYC gene. Until now, no other drug has been able to do this safely and effectively, according to findings from a phase I clinical trial published by Garralda et al in the European...

lung cancer
genomics/genetics

Repotrectinib for ROS1-Positive NSCLC Examined in Phase I/II TRIDENT-1 Trial

Early trials of the targeted oral drug repotrectinib discovered that it may help treat patients with a certain type of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a new study published by Cho et al in the European Journal of Cancer. The results of the TRIDENT-1 trial—presented at the 34th...

lung cancer

Preliminary Results From ARROS-1 Phase I Clinical Trial Suggest That NVL-520 May Be Well Tolerated and Active in NSCLC

Preliminary data from a phase I clinical trial of the ROS1 inhibitor NVL-520 to treat patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other solid tumors suggested that it may have the potential to both halt tumor growth by inhibiting a cancer-causing gene change and reach cancer cells within...

hepatobiliary cancer

Small Study of Experimental Drug to Treat Liver Cancer Shows Evidence of Activity With Manageable Side Effects

A new drug designed to inhibit an enzyme that plays a crucial role in cell division and growth has shown signs of anticancer activity with manageable side effects in patients with liver cancer and up to three lines of previous unsuccessful treatment, according to a new study published by Reig et al ...

hematologic malignancies

Cell-Free DNA Profiling in Patients With Advanced Cancers May Lead to Early Detection of Myeloid Malignancies

Researchers have found that an incidental finding of clonal hematopoiesis in liquid biopsies can be used to trigger hematologic tests to assess the risk of developing myeloid malignancies, according to a new study published by Tagliamento et al in the European Journal of Cancer. The findings were...

genomics/genetics
solid tumors

Sequential Dosing of Olaparib and Adavosertib in Patients With Advanced Tumors

Olaparib and adavosertib can be safely used to treat patients with cancers that are driven by certain mutations occurring in response to DNA damage if they are given in sequence rather than concurrently, according to a novel study published by Yap et al in the European Journal of Cancer. The...

genomics/genetics
cns cancers

Researchers Identify Specific Mutations in the BRAF Gene That May Affect Response to Treatment and Survival in Adult Brain Cancers

Researchers have identified a range of genetic mutations in gliomas that may help them understand how different mutations in the BRAF gene interact with other gene mutations—and which ones are more susceptible to targeted treatments in adults—according to a new study published by Schreck et al in...

Expert Point of View: Glenn J. Hanna, MD and Sherene Loi, MD, PhD

The ASCO Post asked for comment from Glenn J. Hanna, MD, Director of the Center for Salivary and Rare Head and Neck Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Assistant Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Hanna said it is important to put the findings of KEYNOTE-4121 into context...

Expert Point of View: Jean-Yves Blay, MD, PhD

The invited discussant of the DeFi trial was Jean-Yves Blay, MD, PhD, General Director of the Center Bérard, Lyon, France, and President of Unicancer, the French Federation of Cancer Centers. He called the DeFi study a “rigorous trial” in a “representative population” that “introduces a new class...

solid tumors

DeFi Trial: Novel Gamma Secretase Inhibitor Halts Progression of Desmoid Tumors

Patients with rare desmoid tumors may finally have an effective treatment. A first-in-class gamma secretase inhibitor, nirogacestat, led to an improvement in progression-free survival in the phase III DeFi trial. The results were presented during the Presidential Symposium at the European Society...

skin cancer
immunotherapy

Expert Point of View: Alexander M.M. Eggermont, MD; Omid Hamid, MD; and James Larkin, PhD

The results of SWOG S18011 were met with enthusiasm by attendees at the Presidential Symposium of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2022. The ASCO Post captured the thoughts of several melanoma experts, who had somewhat different ideas about the immediate clinical...

skin cancer
immunotherapy

SWOG S1801: Addition of Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab to Adjuvant Pembrolizumab Yields Benefits in High-Risk Resectable Melanoma

In resectable stage III to IV melanoma, three cycles of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab was significantly more beneficial than adjuvant pembrolizumab alone, based on the results of the phase II SWOG S1801 trial presented in a Presidential Symposium at the European...

Expert Point of View: Robin Kate Kelley, MD

Robin Kate Kelley, MD, Professor of Clinical Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, was invited to discuss the results of LEAP-002.1 She said the main take-away is that lenvatinib monotherapy is active as a preferred first-line agent for fit patients who have contraindications to ...

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