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Showing 1901 - 1950Camrelizumab/Apatinib for High-Risk Chemorefractory or Relapsed Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
In a Chinese single-institution phase II trial (CAP 01) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Cheng et al found that the PD-1 inhibitor camrelizumab in combination with the antiangiogenic agent apatinib produced a high rate of complete responses in women with high-risk chemorefractory or relapsed...
Reduction in Ipsilateral Recurrence Risk With Radiotherapy vs Observation After Lumpectomy for Good-Risk DCIS
In an analysis of long-term outcomes from the phase III NRG/RTOG 9804 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Beryl McCormick, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues found that whole-breast irradiation vs observation was associated with a reduced risk of all and...
Totally Implanted Ports Associated With Reduced Complication Rates vs Other Central Venous Access Devices Used in Anticancer Therapy
In a UK trial (CAVA) reported in The Lancet, Jonathan G. Moss, MBChB, FRCR, of the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, and colleagues found that among central venous access devices, totally implanted ports (PORTs) were associated with significantly reduced rates ...
Cabozantinib Prolongs Progression-Free Survival in Previously Treated Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Marcia S. Brose, MD, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, and colleagues, the phase III COSMIC-311 trial has shown that cabozantinib produced a numerically higher objective response rate and significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs...
Rates of Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Cancers—and Stage at Diagnosis—Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan
In a study reported in JAMA Network Open, Kuzuu et al found that the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan was associated with reduced rates of new diagnoses, as well as reduced rates of diagnosis at earlier stages, for some gastrointestinal cancers. Study Details The retrospective cohort study included data...
Resurgence of COVID-19 Infection in a Large Highly Vaccinated U.S. Health System Workforce
In a letter to the editor in The New England Journal of Medicine, Jocelyn Keehner, MD, of the University of California San Diego Health (UCSDH), and colleagues describe a marked resurgence of COVID-19 infections among fully vaccinated workers in the UCSDH workforce in July 2021.1 The resurgence...
Second Primary Cancers in Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors
In a population-based study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Bateni et al found that 8% of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) developed second primary cancers over approximately 7.5 years of follow-up, with types of secondary malignancies differing according to NET type. The...
Antibody Response to COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Hematologic or Solid Cancers
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Mair et al found that antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination was poorer in patients with hematologic or solid malignancies compared with health-care workers. The investigators also identified factors associated with poorer antibody response among patients....
Disparities in Terminal Hospitalization Among Adults With Metastatic Cancer
In a retrospective population-based study reported in JAMA Network Open, Deeb et al found that patients with metastatic cancer from racial and ethnic minority groups and those without private insurance were more likely to be admitted from the emergency department, receive invasive mechanical...
Zanubrutinib for Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia
On August 31, 2021, the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor zanubrutinib was approved for treatment of adults with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in patients receiving zanubrutinib in the phase III open-label ASPEN trial (ClinicalTrials.gov...
Addition of Ramucirumab or Merestinib to First-Line Chemotherapy in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Juan W. Valle, MD, and colleagues found that no progression-free survival benefit was achieved with the addition of either the VEGFR2 inhibitor ramucirumab or the MEK inhibitor merestinib to first-line cisplatin/gemcitabine chemotherapy in...
Factors Associated With Risk of Hearing Loss in Pediatric Patients Receiving Radiation and Chemotherapy
In a single-institution cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Keilty et al identified factors associated with an increased risk of hearing loss in pediatric patients receiving radiation therapy and chemotherapy for central nervous system and head and neck tumors. The study...
DA-EPOCH-R for Children and Adolescents With Newly Diagnosed Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Burke et al found that dose-adjusted etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide with vincristine and prednisone plus rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) did not improve event-free survival vs historical controls in children and adolescents with ...
Effect of Geriatric Assessment–Driven Intervention on Incidence of Severe Chemotherapy-Related Toxicity in Older Patients With Cancer
In a single-center study reported in JAMA Oncology, Daneng Li, MD, and colleagues found that a geriatric assessment–driven intervention (GAIN) was associated with a reduced incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events and a higher frequency of completion of advance directives vs standard of care among...
Rates of Postprotocol Immunotherapy Use in Patients Enrolled in Kidney Cancer Clinical Trials
In an analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Sharp et al identified the frequency of use of postprotocol PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in control group patients receiving the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib in randomized trials comparing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor–containing combination therapy vs sunitinib ...
Does a Longer Interval Before Surgery Among Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Lead to Worse Survival?
In an Italian retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Deidda et al found that a longer vs shorter delay to surgery among patients with locally advanced rectal cancer with minor or no pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was associated with significantly poorer overall...
Adjuvant Atezolizumab Following Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resected Stage IB to IIIA NSCLC
In the phase III IMpower010 trial reported in The Lancet, Enriqueta Felip, MD, and colleagues found that the use of adjuvant atezolizumab after adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy significantly improved disease-free survival vs best supportive care in patients with resected stage II to IIIA...
Factors Associated With Early Discontinuation of Endocrine Therapy for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
In an analysis from the NRG Oncology/NSABP B-35 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, N. Lynn Henry, MD, PhD, and colleagues identified toxicity and patient-reported outcome factors associated with early discontinuation of adjuvant endocrine therapy in women with ductal carcinoma in...
Trends in Use of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Association With Overall Survival in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Alexander Melamed, MD, MPH, and colleagues found that improvements in median overall survival have been similar in patients from U.S. cancer programs that did vs did not increase their use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for women with advanced ovarian cancer in...
Axicabtagene Ciloleucel for Adult Patients With Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma: Real-World Outcomes
In a retrospective cohort study reported in a research letter in Blood Advances, Jennifer L. Crombie, MD, and colleagues found that axicabtagene ciloleucel produced high overall and complete response rates in patients with primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma. They also observed some evidence to...
Characteristics of and Outcomes in Luminal and Basal Subtypes of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Aggarwal et al found that metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer could be categorized into luminal and basal subtypes, and that androgen-signaling inhibitor treatment was associated with better outcomes in patients diagnosed with...
Radioembolization Plus Second-Line Chemotherapy for Colorectal Liver Metastases
In the phase III EPOCH trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mary F. Mulcahy, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of transarterial yttrium-90 radioembolization (TARE) to second-line chemotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival and hepatic progression–free...
Ivosidenib vs Placebo for Previously Treated Advanced IDH1-Mutated Cholangiocarcinoma: Final Overall Survival Analysis of the ClarIDHy Trial
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Andrew X. Zhu, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the final overall survival analysis of the pivotal phase III ClarIDHy trial showed prolonged overall survival with ivosidenib vs placebo in previously treated patients with unresectable or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma and an...
Addition of Panitumumab to Fluorouracil/Leucovorin as Maintenance Therapy for RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the German phase II PANAMA trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Modest et al found that the addition of the monoclonal antibody panitumumab to fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin maintenance therapy improved progression-free survival in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal ...
Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination in Preventing Symptomatic Infection in Health-Care Personnel
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Pilishvili et al for the Vaccine Effectiveness among Healthcare Personnel Study Team, a case-control study has shown that full vaccination with the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines was highly effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 infection in U.S....
Adavosertib for Patients With TP53- and RAS-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Seligmann et al, the phase II FOCUS4-C trial has shown activity of the WEE1 kinase inhibitor adavosertib in patients with TP53- and RAS-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer with disease control after first-line chemotherapy. As state by the...
Liver Biopsy for Evaluation of Hepatitis Associated With Immunotherapy
In a retrospective cohort study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Li et al found that the performance of liver biopsy in patients with grade ≥ 3 alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy was associated with a delayed start of corticosteroid...
Triplet Therapy and Lenalidomide Maintenance to Prevent Disease Progression in High-Risk Smoldering Myeloma
In a single-center phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Kazandjian et al found that triplet therapy with carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (KRd), followed by lenalidomide maintenance, produced high rates of measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative complete response and freedom...
International Survey on Access to Cancer Medicines Considered Essential by Oncologists
An international cross-sectional survey reported in The Lancet Oncology by Fundytus et al found that access to cancer medicines considered essential by oncologists is lacking across the spectrum of low- and lower middle–income to high-income countries. As stated by the investigators, “The World...
Ga-68 PSMA-11 PET for Detection of Pelvic Nodal Metastasis in Intermediate- to High-Risk Prostate Cancer
In a collaborative phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Thomas A. Hope, MD, and colleagues found that gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen–11 positron-emission tomography (Ga-68 PSMA-11 PET) had 40% sensitivity and 95% specificity in the detection of pelvic nodal metastases prior to...
Poziotinib, a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, for HER2 Exon 20–Mutant NSCLC
In a single-center phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Elamin et al found that the tyrosine kinase inhibitor poziotinib showed activity in previously treated patients with HER2 exon 20–mutant advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As related by the investigators,...
Extended Adjuvant Letrozole After Tamoxifen in Postmenopausal Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer: GIM4
In the Italian phase III GIM4 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lucia Del Mastro, MD, and colleagues found that 5 years vs 2 to 3 years of adjuvant letrozole significantly prolonged invasive disease–free survival in postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer who had already completed...
CASSIOPEIA Part 2: Maintenance Daratumumab After Initial Therapy for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Philippe Moreau, MD, and colleagues, an interim analysis of part 2 of the phase III CASSIOPEIA trial has shown significantly prolonged progression-free survival with maintenance daratumumab vs observation following induction and consolidation with or without...
Hepatectomy With or Without Adjuvant mFOLFOX6 for Liver-Only Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Disease-Free and Overall Survival
In the Japanese phase II/III JCOG0603 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kanemitsu et al found that the addition of adjuvant mFOLFOX6 (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) to hepatectomy improved disease-free survival in patients with liver-only metastatic colorectal cancer;...
Overall Survival With the Bispecific Fusion Protein Tebentafusp for Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
In an interim analysis of the phase III IMCgp100-202 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Nathan et al found that tebentafusp, a bispecific protein consisting of an affinity-enhanced T-cell receptor fused to an anti-CD3 effector, significantly improved overall survival vs...
Risk of Pancreatic Cancer Associated With Germline ATM Pathogenic Variants
In a multicenter cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Hsu et al found that among pancreatic cancer kindreds, individuals with germline ATM pathogenic variants had a sixfold increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer vs noncarriers of pathogenic variants. Study Details The study involved data ...
Overall Survival With Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Operable Stage IA NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Chang et al, long-term results of the single-institution revised STARS trial indicate that overall survival in patients receiving stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for operable stage IA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was noninferior to that in a...
Capecitabine Maintenance After First-Line Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the FOCUS4-N trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Adams et al found that capecitabine maintenance improved progression-free—but not overall—survival vs active monitoring in patients with stable disease or objective response after first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal...
Ivosidenib for Previously Treated IDH1-Mutant Advanced or Metastatic Cholangiocarcinoma
On August 25, 2021, ivosidenib was approved for adults with previously treated, locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma with an IDH1 mutation, as detected by a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved test.1 The FDA simultaneously approved the Oncomine Dx Target Test as a...
Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib in Advanced Endometrial Carcinoma
On July 21, 2021, pembrolizumab in combination with lenvatinib was granted regular approval for treatment of patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma that is not microsatellite instability–high or mismatch repair–deficient who have disease progression following prior systemic therapy in any...
Nivolumab for Adjuvant Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma
On August 19, 2021, the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab was approved for adjuvant treatment of patients with urothelial carcinoma who are at high risk of recurrence after undergoing radical resection.1 This is the first approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for adjuvant treatment of patients...
Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
On August 10, 2021, the combination of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab was approved for first-line treatment of adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings from the three-arm, open-label, phase III CLEAR trial (Study 307/KEYNOTE-581;...
Belzutifan for Cancers Associated With von Hippel-Lindau Disease
On August 13, 2021, belzutifan, a hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitor, was approved for treatment of adults with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease who require therapy for associated renal cell carcinoma, central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas, or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors but do not...
Dostarlimab-gxly for Mismatch Repair–Deficient Recurrent or Advanced Solid Tumors
On August 17, 2021, dostarlimab-gxly, aPD-1 blocking monoclonal antibody, was granted accelerated approval for adults with mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) recurrent or advanced solid tumors, as determined by a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved test, who have had disease progression...
Adding First-Line Nivolumab to Chemotherapy Improves Survival in Gastric, Gastroesophageal Junction, and Esophageal Adenocarcinomas
As reported in The Lancet by Yelena Y. Janjigian, MD, of the Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, the phase III CheckMate 649 trial has shown that the addition of first-line nivolumab to chemotherapy resulted in improved overall and...
Consolidation Treatment With VRD Followed by Lenalidomide Maintenance in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Multiple Myeloma
In a phase III European Myeloma Network trial (EMN02/HOVON95) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sonneveld et al found that consolidation with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRD) vs no consolidation followed by maintenance lenalidomide was associated with significantly...
Does Adjuvant Image-Guided Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer Lead to Increased Rates of Late Toxicity?
In the Indian single-center phase III PARCER trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Supriya Chopra, MD, DNB, and colleagues found that adjuvant image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) was associated with less late grade ≥ 2 gastrointestinal toxicity vs three-dimensional ...
First-Line Acalabrutinib, Venetoclax, and Obinutuzumab for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Matthew S. Davids, MD, and colleagues found that first-line triple combination therapy with acalabrutinib, venetoclax, and obinutuzumab produced measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative complete remission in a substantial proportion of patients ...
Long-Term Outcomes in JULIET Trial of Tisagenlecleucel for Relapsed or Refractory Aggressive B-Cell Lymphomas
As reported by Stephen J. Schuster, MD, and colleagues in The Lancet Oncology, long-term outcomes of the pivotal phase II JULIET trial showed overall and complete response rates of 53% and 39% in adult patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive B-cell lymphomas treated with the T-cell...
Single-Fraction vs Multifraction SABR for Pulmonary Oligometastases: Is There a Difference in Safety or Efficacy?
In the phase II SAFRON II study reported in JAMA Oncology, Shankar Siva, PhD, MBBS, FRANZCR, and colleagues found no significant differences in safety or efficacy between single-fraction vs multifraction stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for the treatment of pulmonary oligometastases. ...
