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Showing 1651 - 1700Symptom Clusters in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
In a report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study population reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shin et al identified symptom clusters among adult survivors of childhood cancer and potential associations with health-related quality of life and physical and neurocognitive performance....
Study Investigates Potential Embryonic Origin of Medulloblastomas
Medulloblastomas may exist in a premalignant form at birth after initially developing during the first or second trimester of pregnancy, according to a new international study published by Hendrikse et al in Nature. As medulloblastomas typically present around age 7, the team’s discovery is the...
Oncologist Use of Reduced Doses of New Systemic Treatments in Patients With Metastatic Cancer
In a survey study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Jimenez et al found that half of surveyed oncologists reported sometimes or usually using reduced doses at initiation of a new systemic treatment in patients with metastatic cancer in order to potentially reduce toxicity. Study Details The study...
Real-World Experience With Durvalumab at the Mayo Clinic Mirrors PACIFIC Trial Findings
Concurrent chemoradiation therapy followed by durvalumab has become the standard of care in patients with unresectable, locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), based on the PACIFIC trial.1 However, clinical trials have predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and they evaluate...
Real-World Evidence Confirms Survival Benefit of Durvalumab in Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
In locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immunotherapy consolidation with the PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab improved overall survival in the PACIFIC trial,1 thus leading to its use after chemoradiotherapy as a standard of care. Real-world evidence of durvalumab’s effect on overall and...
Highlights From the IASLC 2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer
Over the past few years, we have seen rapid and dramatic transformation in the therapeutic landscape of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We have had multiple new targeted therapies for newer targets (previously undruggable targets) and better diagnostic strategies to workup patients to realize...
National Lung Screening Trial Results Highlight Importance of Lifelong Follow-up
Approximately 6% of patients with stage I to III lung cancer develop second primary lung cancer within 5 years of their initial diagnosis, according to research presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer.1 Analysis of data...
Study Focuses on Molecular Details of Precancerous Clonal Outgrowth in Blood Cells
A common, spontaneous mutation in blood stem cells, which has been linked to a higher risk of blood cancer and cardiovascular disease, may promote these diseases by altering the stem cells’ programming of gene activity and the mix of blood cells they produce, according to a study co-led by...
Expert Point of View: Jean-Yves Blay, MD, PhD
The invited discussant of the DeFi trial was Jean-Yves Blay, MD, PhD, General Director of the Center Bérard, Lyon, France, and President of Unicancer, the French Federation of Cancer Centers. He called the DeFi study a “rigorous trial” in a “representative population” that “introduces a new class...
DeFi Trial: Novel Gamma Secretase Inhibitor Halts Progression of Desmoid Tumors
Patients with rare desmoid tumors may finally have an effective treatment. A first-in-class gamma secretase inhibitor, nirogacestat, led to an improvement in progression-free survival in the phase III DeFi trial. The results were presented during the Presidential Symposium at the European Society...
Cancer Phenotypes Associated With Germline CHEK2 Variants
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Brittany L. Bychkovsky, MD, MSc, and colleagues analyzed the spectrum of cancer phenotypes associated with germline CHEK2 variants. They found that CHEK2 pathogenic variants apart from p.I157T, p.S428F, and p.T476M were associated with...
Risk Factors for Heart Failure Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer
In a European study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, de Baat et al identified heart exposure to radiotherapy and cumulative anthracycline doses as factors associated with increased risk of heart failure in survivors of childhood cancers. Survivors who received a mean heart radiotherapy ...
Research Finds Medicaid Expansion Led to Decreases in Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates
State-run Medicaid insurance, expanded in 2014 as part of the Affordable Care Act, has resulted in decreased metastatic cancer incidence rates as well as decreased overall cancer mortality rates, and has averted over 1,000 deaths due to cancer per year. About 12% of the improvements in cancer...
A Physicist Father Inspired a Love of Science in Oncology Researcher Stanton L. Gerson, MD
In this installment of the Living a Full Life series, Guest Editor Jame Abraham, MD, FACP, spoke with Stanton (“Stan”) L. Gerson, MD, Dean and Senior Vice President for Medical Affairs, School of Medicine, and Acting Director of the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Center for...
Changing the Algorithm for Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphomas
Despite a significant potential for cure, relapsed and refractory large B-cell lymphomas (LBCL) comprise the most common cause of lymphoma-related mortality. Sequential relapses reflect the limits of repeated exposure to chemotherapy, even when delivered at high doses. More than 30 years ago,...
Axicabtagene Ciloleucel Improves Event-Free Survival vs Standard Care in Second-Line Treatment for Large B-Cell Lymphoma
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Frederick L. Locke, MD, of the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, and colleagues, the phase III ZUMA-7 trial in large B-cell lymphoma has shown improved event-free...
Geriatric Oncology and Hematology in Singapore
Globally, the population is aging, with the number of people aged 60 and older projected to double from 1 billion worldwide in 2020 to 2.1 billion by 2050. Given the aging population, coupled with the risk of cancer increasing with age, an exponential rise in cases of older adults diagnosed with...
What the Supreme Court’s Abortion Decision Means for Patients With Cancer and Their Clinicians
On June 24, 2022, the Supreme Court ruled in Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization (Dobbs)1 and overturned Roe v Wade and Planned Parenthood v Casey, which recognized a federal constitutional right to end a pregnancy up to the point of viability. This decision opened the door for states to...
Expert Point of View: Kara N. Maxwell, MD, PhD
Abstract discussant Kara N. Maxwell, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine and Genetics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, highlighted evidence showing that some lung cancer is inherited. The Nordic Twin Study identified an 18% heritability of lung cancer, she said,...
Is Germline Testing Warranted for All Patients With Lung Cancer?
Germline testing may be warranted for all patients with lung cancer, according to research presented during the August 2022 ASCO Plenary Series by Renato G. Martins, MD, MPH, Chair of Hematology Oncology and Palliative Care at Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center, Richmond.1 The...
Study Shows Many Patients Prefer Stool Test to Colonoscopy for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Three-quarters of surveyed people preferred to do a fecal immunochemical test (FIT) rather than undergo a colonoscopy for their regular colorectal cancer screening, according to a new Cedars-Sinai study published by Makaroff et al in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. “One of the big issues...
New, Long-Term Opioid Use After Lung Cancer Surgery Linked to Reduced 2-Year Survival
New, long-term use of opioids after lung cancer surgery was linked to a 40% increased risk of death from any cause within the following 2 years, according to findings published by Oh et al in the journal Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. Persistent postoperative pain has been reported in up...
Selpercatinib Approved for Locally Advanced or Metastatic RET Fusion–Positive Solid Tumors
On September 21, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to selpercatinib (Retevmo) for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors with a rearranged during transfection (RET) gene fusion and disease progression on or following prior systemic...
FDA Approves Selpercatinib for Locally Advanced or Metastatic RET Fusion–Positive NSCLC
On September 21, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted regular approval to selpercatinib (Retevmo) for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a RET gene fusion (as detected by an FDA-approved test). The FDA also approved the Oncomine ...
Study Finds Cancer Mortality Rates Correlate With Geography as Well as Known Behavioral Risk Factors
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have found that risk factors historically linked to cancer mortality vary regionally across the lower 48 United States—such that they believe those differences should be considered in developing tailored public-health interventions. Dong et al...
FDA Approves Sodium Thiosulfate to Reduce the Risk of Ototoxicity Associated With Cisplatin
On September 20, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved sodium thiosulfate (Pedmark) to reduce the risk of ototoxicity associated with cisplatin in pediatric patients aged 1 month and older with localized (nonmetastatic) solid tumors. Efficacy was evaluated in two multicenter,...
Individuals of Mexican Descent May Have Higher Risk of Liver Cancer With Each Successive Generation
Studies show that Hispanic individuals have higher incidence rates of developing liver cancer and higher mortality rates—by 50% or more—than non-Hispanic White individuals for several cancers, including liver cancer. A new study investigating hepatocellular carcinoma among successive generations of ...
Antibody Response to Three-Dose COVID-19 mRNA-1273 Vaccination Schedule in Immunocompromised Patients With Hematologic Cancers
In a Dutch prospective observational cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Haggenburg et al found that a third dose of the COVID-19 mRNA-1273 vaccine increased antibody levels in immunocompromised patients with hematologic cancers overall to levels comparable to those observed in healthy controls ...
'Real-World' Experience With Durvalumab at the Mayo Clinic Mirrors PACIFIC Findings
Concurrent chemoradiation followed by durvalumab has become the standard of care in patients with unresectable, locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), based on the PACIFIC trial.1 But clinical trials have predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and they evaluate selective...
Novel Photon-Counting CT May Improve Myeloma Bone Disease Detection
New computed tomography (CT) technology paired with artificial intelligence (AI)-based noise reduction may offer superior detection of bone disease associated with multiple myeloma at lower radiation doses than conventional CT, according to a recent study published by Baffour et al in Radiology....
National Lung Screening Trial Results Highlight Importance of Lifelong Follow-up
Approximately 6% of patients with stage I to III lung cancer develop a second primary lung cancer within 5 years of their initial diagnosis, according to research presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer.1 Analysis of data...
Association of Neurofilament Light Chain Levels With ICANS Risk After CAR T-Cell Therapy
In a retrospective study reported in JAMA Oncology, Butt et al found significantly higher pretreatment neurofilament light chain levels in patients who did vs did not develop immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy....
Lung Cancer Screening Increases Percentage of Stage I Cases Detected, While Reducing Percentage of Stage IV Cases Detected
Implementing lung cancer screening at four diverse health-care systems resulted in an 8.4% increase in the number of stage I lung cancers detected and a 6.6% decrease in the detection of stage IV disease, according to research published by Vachani et al in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology. The...
Outcomes of Lung Cancer Screening in Individuals With or Without Lung-Related Comorbidities
In a prospective cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Metwally et al found no significant differences in positive examination, cancer detection, or false-positive rates among individuals with vs without self-reported lung-related comorbidities undergoing low-dose computed tomography lung...
5-Year Outcomes With Adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX vs Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Thierry Conroy, MD, and colleagues, 5-year analysis of the phase III PRODIGE 24/Canadian Cancer Trials Group PA6 trial has shown a significant benefit in overall survival and other outcomes with adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX (modified oxaliplatin, irinotecan, leucovorin, and...
Adjuvant Atezolizumab Does Not Improve Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma
Adjuvant therapy with the anti–PD-L1 therapy atezolizumab failed to improve disease-free survival compared to placebo in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at high risk of recurrence after resection, according to results of the phase III IMmotion010 trial presented by Axel Bex, MD, PhD, at...
Neoadjuvant Cemiplimab in Patients With Stage II to IV Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In an international, multicenter phase II clinical trial, 63.3% of patients with stage II to IV cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma saw their tumors nearly or completely eradicated when treated with the anti–PD-1 agent cemiplimab-rwlc before surgery. The results were presented by Gross et al at the...
SWOG S1801: Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Pembrolizumab for Patients With Stage IIIB to IV Melanoma
Patients with high-risk melanoma who received the anti–PD-1 therapy pembrolizumab both before and after surgery to remove cancerous tissue had a significantly lower risk of their cancer recurring than similar patients who received the drug only after surgery. These results from a study by the SWOG...
How EQRx Aims to Reengineer the Health-Care System to Produce More Effective, Less Costly Cancer Drugs
The numbers are dizzying. The costs of cancer care in the United States are rising so fast that by 2030, it is projected the national cancer-attributable costs will total more than $246 billion, up from $183 billion in 2015—a 34% increase.1 And although the total global economic burden of cancer is ...
Report Finds Cancers in Adults Younger Than Age 50 Are on the Rise Globally
Over recent decades, more and more adults under the age of 50 are developing cancer. A recently published study revealed that the incidence of early-onset cancers (those diagnosed before age 50)—including breast, colon, esophageal, kidney, liver, and pancreatic cancers, among others—has...
V. Craig Jordan, CMG, OBE, PhD, DSc, FMedSci, the ‘Father of Tamoxifen,’ Recounts a Life of Adventure and Science
In 2019, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II appointed V. Craig Jordan, CMG, OBE, PhD, DSc, FMedSci, Companion of the Most Distinguished order of St. Michael and St. George (CMG), honoring his extraordinary scientific work in the development of selective estrogen receptor modulators, most notably...
Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy With Weekly Cisplatin for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
When combined with radiotherapy as definitive treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, cisplatin at a dose of 40 mg/m2 weekly is noninferior to cisplatin at 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, according to the results of the ConCERT trial.1 These findings were presented by Atul...
Postmarketing Colitis Cases May Be Associated With Alpelisib Use
In a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Sullivan et al described details of postmarketing cases of noninfectious colitis in patients with breast cancer reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that were considered possibly or probably related to alpelisib treatment. Key Findings A total of...
Fertility Preservation Procedures at Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Risk of Relapse and Disease-Specific Mortality
In a Swedish nationwide prospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Marklund et al found no increased risk of relapse or disease-specific mortality among women undergoing fertility preservation with or without hormonal stimulation at the time of breast cancer diagnosis. Study Details The...
FDA Approves Durvalumab-Based Combination for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer
On September 2, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved durvalumab (Imfinzi) in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer. TOPAZ-1 Efficacy was evaluated in TOPAZ-1 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:...
Two New Studies Find Aggressive Prostate Cancer May Be Linked to Ancestral Heritage
Two studies published simultaneously by Jaratlerdsiri et al in Nature and Gong et al in Genome Medicine have identified genetic signatures explaining ethnic differences in the severity of prostate cancer, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Through genetic sequencing of prostate cancer tumors from...
New Cervicovaginal Epigenetic Test for Screening of Suspected Endometrial Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Herzog et al have developed a simple noninvasive test for screening for suspected endometrial cancer—the Women’s Cancer Risk Identification-Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Test for Endometrial Cancer (WID-qEC)—that has shown accuracy in...
ASTRO Issues Clinical Guideline on Radiation Therapy for IDH-Mutant Glioma
A new clinical guideline from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) provides recommendations on the use of radiation therapy to treat patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant grade 2 and grade 3 diffuse glioma. Evidence-based recommendations outline the multidisciplinary...
Cabozantinib Prolongs Progression-Free Survival in Previously Treated Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Marcia S. Brose, MD, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, and colleagues, the phase III COSMIC-311 trial has shown that cabozantinib produced a numerically higher objective response rate and significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs...
Addition of Selumetinib to Adjuvant Radioactive Iodine in High-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ho et al, the phase III ASTRA trial showed no improvement in complete remission rate with the addition of selumetinib to adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) in patients with high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer. As stated by the investigators,...
