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Neeraj Agarwal, MD, on Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Results From the COSMIC-021 Study of Cabozantinib and Atezolizumab
Neeraj Agarwal, MD, of the University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute, discusses trial findings that showed the combination of cabozantinib and atezolizumab had a tolerable safety profile and showed activity in men with metastatic disease. Further evaluation of cabozantinib and atezolizumab is...
HSD3B1 Genotype and Its Effect on Castration Resistance and Overall Survival in Prostate Cancer
As reported in JAMA Oncology, Nima Sharifi, MD, and colleagues have found that the adrenal-permissive HSD3B1 genotype is associated with earlier onset of castration resistance and poorer overall survival in men with low-volume metastatic prostate cancer. As noted by the investigators, the...
Do Gay and Bisexual Men Have an Increased Risk of Developing Skin Cancer?
In the largest study to date of skin cancer rates among individuals who identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual, investigators from Brigham and Women's Hospital reported important differences in skin cancer prevalence among sexual minorities. Rates of skin cancer were higher among gay and bisexual...
Five-Year Patient-Reported Outcomes for Various Prostate Cancer Treatments
A 5-year follow-up study of more than 2,000 U.S. men who received prostate cancer treatment—radiation, surgery, or active surveillance—in patients of all ages and ethnicities is creating a road map for the future regarding long-term bowel, bladder, and sexual function in order to clarify...
Urology of Virginia Welcomes New Chief Medical Officer Joshua Langston, MD
Urology of Virginia has announced the transition of Joshua Langston, MD, to the role of Chief Medical Officer for the organization. He assumed this new position on January 1 and will continue the legacy of patient care, organizational guidance, innovation, and service of his predecessor, Dr. Edwin...
Do Socioeconomic Factors Play a Role in Outcomes for HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancer?
Survival outcomes for patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck have made significant gains in recent years, but new research published by Pike et al in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network has found some groups have not...
Incidence Increases in New Colorectal Cancer Diagnoses Among Patients Between 49 and 50 Years Old
A year-by-year age analysis of colorectal cancer rates among adults in the United States has found a 46% increase in new diagnoses from ages 49 to 50, indicating that many latent cases of the disease are likely going undiagnosed until routine screenings begin at 50, according to a new study by...
Effect of Volume-Based CT Screening on Lung Cancer Mortality in High-Risk Patients
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Harry J. de Koning, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the Dutch/Belgian NELSON trial has shown a significant reduction in 10-year lung cancer mortality with volume-based low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening vs no screening in high-risk men. Male...
AMA Foundation Launches New Initiative to Address LGBTQ Health Disparities
The American Medical Association Foundation (AMAF) recently announced a new initiative to create a cadre of LGBTQ health specialists through the AMA Foundation LGBTQ Fellowship Program—a national fellowship program to promote best practices and shared outcomes, while improving the quality of LGBTQ ...
Novel Guideline Addresses the Clinical Utility of Molecular Biomarkers in Localized Prostate Cancer
In men, prostate cancer has the highest incidence of any neoplasm and is the second-leading cause of cancer-related mortality. A plethora of tissue-based biomarkers are available to inform the diagnosis and prognosis for men with newly diagnosed, clinically localized prostate cancer. However, to...
Equal-Access Health-Care System for African American and White Men With Prostate Cancer
Among men with prostate cancer who received care from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health System, an equal-access health-care system, African American men did not have more advanced disease at the time of diagnosis or die earlier than white men, unlike trends seen in the greater...
How Real-World Data Can Help Contextualize New Treatments in Older Patients
Consider a patient who is referred for neoadjuvant therapy for stage IIIA, HER2-positive breast cancer. She is otherwise healthy, with no significant medical history, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0, unremarkable baseline labs, and a left-ventricular ejection fraction...
Taking Action Against Cancer: Celebrating 20 Years of World Cancer Day
February 4, 2020, will mark the 20th anniversary of World Cancer Day, an annual event meant to raise cancer awareness and encourage governments, oncology societies, nongovernmental organizations, businesses, and individuals to take action against the global impact of the disease. Formed in...
Largest Single-Year Drop in Cancer Mortality Ever Reported: 2016–2017
The cancer death rate declined by 29% from 1991 to 2017, including a 2.2% drop from 2016 to 2017—the largest single-year drop in cancer mortality ever reported. These findings were reported in “Cancer Statistics, 2020,” the latest edition of the American Cancer Society’s annual report on cancer...
Olaparib for Previously Treated, Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With DNA Repair Gene Aberrations
In the phase II TOPARP-B trial—reported by Joaquin Mateo, MD, in The Lancet Oncology—investigators found that olaparib showed good activity in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and DNA damage response (DDR) gene aberrations who had received one or two prior taxane regimens....
Forbes Magazine Names 2020 Class of 30 Under 30, Including Honorees in Science and Health Care
Forbes magazine released the ninth annual “30 Under 30” list Class of 2020 in December 2019, featuring the newest group of 600 young entrepreneurs, scientists, and innovative individuals who were recognized for their extraordinary accomplishments at early ages. A total of 30 honorees were selected...
Enzalutamide for Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
On December 16, 2019, enzalutamide (Xtandi) was approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data The current approval was based on findings from the phase III double-blind ARCHES trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier...
2020 GI Cancers Symposium: Detecting GI Tumors Using a Cell-Free DNA Test
A blood-based screening test using cell-free DNA to identify methylation signals of hard-to-detect gastrointestinal (GI) cancers could potentially help detect disease at earlier stages. This research will be presented by Brian M. Wolpin, MD, MPH, and colleagues at the 2020 Gastrointestinal Cancers...
Immune-Related Adverse Events and Recurrence-Free Survival With Adjuvant Immunotherapy vs Placebo in Stage III Melanoma
In an analysis of the EORTC 1325/KEYNOTE-054 trial of adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in stage III melanoma reported in JAMA Oncology, Alexander M.M. Eggermont, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that patients treated with pembrolizumab who experienced immune-related adverse events had improved...
Relapse and Outcomes in Men Receiving Adjuvant Bleomycin/Etoposide/Cisplatin for Clinical Stage I Nonseminoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fischer et al found different patterns of relapse and associated outcomes among men with relapse after treatment with adjuvant bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin for clinical stage I nonseminoma. The study included data on 51 patients from 18...
Use of Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosing and Grading Prostate Cancer
Researchers have developed a method based on artificial intelligence (AI) for the histopathologic diagnosis and grading of prostate cancer. The study, published by Ström et al in The Lancet Oncology, showed that the AI system can be trained to detect and grade prostate cancer from needle biopsy...
Patient-Reported Functional Outcomes With Hypofractionated vs Conventionally Fractionated Radiotherapy for Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer
In a national cohort study conducted in the United Kingdom and reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Nossiter et al found no clinically important differences in patient-reported functional outcomes among men receiving hypofractionated vs conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for...
Prevalence of Alcohol Use Among Patients With Cancer and Survivors
New research published by Nina N. Sanford, MD, and colleagues in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network has found most cancer survivors reported that they are current alcohol drinkers, with a subset of those survivors self-reporting excessive drinking behaviors. “We recommend...
Largest Single-Year Drop in Cancer Mortality Reported in ‘Cancer Statistics, 2020’
The cancer death rate declined by 29% from 1991 to 2017, including a 2.2% drop from 2016 to 2017—the largest single-year drop in cancer mortality ever reported. These findings were reported in “Cancer Statistics, 2020,” the latest edition of the American Cancer Society’s annual report on cancer...
Olaparib for Previously Treated, Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With DNA Repair Gene Aberrations
In the phase II TOPARP-B trial—reported by Mateo et al in The Lancet Oncology—investigators found that olaparib showed activity in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and DNA damage response (DDR) gene aberrations who had received one or two prior taxane regimens. Study...
Physical Activity at Recommended Levels May Lower Risk of Multiple Cancers
A pooled analysis of nine prospective studies involving more than 750,000 adults has found that recommended amounts of leisure-time physical activity were linked to a lower risk for seven cancers, with several cancer types having a dose/response relationship. These findings were published by...
One Cycle of Bleomycin/Etoposide/Cisplatin May Be as Effective as Two for Patients With Testicular Cancer
Testicular cancer recurrence may be prevented by giving men one cycle of chemotherapy instead of the two cycles used as standard. Lowering the overall exposure to chemotherapy also reduced side effects. These findings were published by Cullen et al in European Urology. Testicular cancer is the most ...
Neoadjuvant vs Concurrent ADT With Dose-Escalated Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
In a two-institute phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Malone et al found no difference in biochemical relapse–free survival with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) initiated prior to or concurrently with dose-escalated external-beam radiotherapy in patients with localized ...
Cardiovascular Risks After Bleomycin/Etoposide/Cisplatin Treatment for Germ Cell Cancer
In a Danish study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lauritsen et al found that patients treated for germ cell cancer exhibited an increase of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease at short- and long-term follow-up. Study Details The study involved 5,185 patients with...
Incidence of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anus Has ‘Increased Dramatically’ in Older Women and Young Black Men
“Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus incidence has increased dramatically in elderly women and young black men,” according to a study of recent trends in incidence and mortality. “Advanced-stage [anal squamous cell carcinoma] incidence tripled with a prominent rise in … mortality,” researchers...
The Rise and Fall of Tobacco Products in the United States
It was a press conference on a cold Saturday in January 1964 that had garnered international attention, but the trappings were those of a secret government meeting, behind locked doors secured by uniformed guards. To the chagrin of the reporters, “no smoking” signs had been hastily posted around...
Coexisting With Cancer and Depression
Among the highlights at the 2019 Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium in October was the keynote address by Thomas J. Smith, MD, FACP, FASCO, FAAHPM, the Harry J. Duffey Family Professor of Palliative Medicine and Director of Palliative Medicine at Johns Hopkins Medicine and Professor of Oncology ...
Commercial Gene-Expression Tests for Prostate Cancer May Not Accurately Predict Disease Progression in African American Men
A study examining the differences in gene expression between African American and European American men with prostate cancer for three commercially available prostate cancer prognostic biomarker panels—Oncotype DX Prostate Score, Prolaris, and Decipher—has found that these tests may not accurately...
Having Cancer Should Not Make You Homeless
In the spring of 2005, I was launching a new career as a sales consultant for a startup graphics company and wanted to cross off a few essential things on my to-do list, including getting my annual mammogram and physical, before I started my new job. Although I was surprised when I got a call from ...
Prior Antibiotic Treatment Linked to Poorer Outcomes With Immunotherapy in Patients With Cancer
In a study presented in a brief report in JAMA Oncology,1 David J. Pinato, MD, PhD, of the Imperial College London, and colleagues found that past—but not concurrent—use of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was associated with poorer treatment outcomes in patients receiving immune checkpoint...
2019 Advanced Breast Cancer Award Goes to Fatima Cardoso, MD
The European School of Oncology (ESO), together with the Advanced Breast Cancer Global Alliance, bestowed the 2019 Advanced Breast Cancer Award upon Professor Fatima Cardoso, MD, Director of the Breast Unit of the Champalimaud Clinical Centre in Lisbon, “in recognition of her foresight in...
ASH 2019: Should African American Patients With AML and Evidence of Abnormal Kidney Function Be Enrolled Into Clinical Trials?
A study of more than 1,000 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) revealed that African Americans were more likely to have evidence of abnormal kidney functioning than whites, but this was not associated with any difference in overall survival. The findings, presented by Statler et al at the...
Ramucirumab Plus Erlotinib Improves Progression-Free Survival in Previously Untreated EGFR-Mutated Advanced NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Kazuhiko Nakagawa, MD, of the Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, and colleagues, the phase III RELAY trial has shown that the addition of the VEGFR2 inhibitor ramucirumab to the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib improved...
ASH 2019: Dose-Climbing Trial of Dual-Target CAR T-Cell Therapy for Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
More than three out of four patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, or myeloma that was refractory to at least two therapies, remained in remission 7 months after treatment with a novel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting two proteins that are frequently found on myeloma...
Is Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer a Valid Disease Category?
Does nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer really exist? Although it is considered a disease category, it turns out that the definition depends on the type of imaging used. Many patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who were categorized as “nonmetastatic” on conventional...
Role of Integrative Therapies for Patients With Colorectal Cancer
The ASCO Post’s Integrative Oncology series is intended to facilitate the availability of evidence-based information on integrative and complementary therapies sometimes used by patients with cancer. In this installment, Richard T. Lee, MD, describes the symptoms associated with colorectal cancer...
FDA Approves FoundationOne CDx as a Companion Diagnostic for Alpelisib/Fulvestrant Treatment in Breast Cancer
On December 4, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved FoundationOne CDx to be used as a companion diagnostic for alpelisib in combination with fulvestrant for the treatment of postmenopausal female patients as well as male patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative,...
RSNA 2019: MRI-Guided Ultrasound Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer
A novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided procedure that uses therapeutic ultrasound may effectively treat prostate cancer with minimal side effects, according to a new study presented at the 2019 annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) (Abstract SSC07-07)....
Biomarker-Driven Treatment Selection for Prostate and Other Genitourinary Cancers
As the Nobel Laureate Bob Dylan wrote, “The times they are a-changin’.” Heather Cheng, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Washington, Associate Member, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and Director, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Prostate Cancer Genetics Clinic, quoted this line in...
Associations of Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score With Mortality Prediction and Difference Between Sexes
A study comparing the prognostic value of the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score in male and female patients with early-stage estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer has found that the score is associated with mortality in male patients at a much lower threshold than female patients. The...
Despite Challenges, Pioneer in CT Screening for Early Lung Cancer Works to Move the Field Forward
In 1999, a team of researchers from Weill Cornell Medical College advocated the use of a then-novel practice: low-dose radiation CT screening for lung cancer. It captures a full thoracic image in a single breath hold, and can recognize a tumor in its earliest stages when the chance for cure is...
University of Michigan Cancer Programs Receive $9.2M Grant for Prostate Cancer Research
Two Michigan cancer programs are joining forces to find new solutions for prostate cancer. The University of Michigan (U-M) Rogel Cancer Center and the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University have received a $9.2 million grant from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The...
The Anesthesia Era: 1845–1875
The text and photograph on this page are excerpted from a four-volume series of books titled Oncology: Tumors & Treatment, A Photographic History, The Anesthesia Era: 1845–1875 by Stanley B. Burns, MD, FACS, and Elizabeth A. Burns. The photograph appears courtesy of Stanley B. Burns, MD, and...
Affirming Universal Health Care as a Fundamental Human Right
This year’s meeting of the World Cancer Leaders’ Summit: Cancer and Universal Health Coverage, held on October 15–17 in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, brought together more than 350 global health leaders, including ministers of health, first ladies, and industry leaders, from 82 countries to discuss how...
Challenging the Global Community to Deliver Equitable Cancer Care for All
For Her Royal Highness Princess Dina Mired of Jordan, ensuring that every patient with cancer receives high-quality care is not an abstract goal—it is personal. Princess Dina saw firsthand the life-and-death differences that access to state-of-the-art oncology care makes in a patient’s life when...
