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multiple myeloma
myelodysplastic syndromes
leukemia

In Case You Missed It: Additional Studies of Interest From ASH 2024

A record-breaking number of abstracts were submitted for the 2024 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, and nearly 8,000 were accepted. The ASCO Post strives to provide in-depth coverage of those with the greatest impact. Here, we offer snapshots of others of...

leukemia

Novel Menin Inhibitors Show Safety and Activity in Several Clinical Trials

The recently approved menin inhibitor revumenib is poised to improve the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), specifically for disease with a KMT2A rearrangement. Promising results for other novel menin inhibitors now in development—with their unique safety and activity profiles—suggest the...

breast cancer

Adjuvant T-DM1 vs Trastuzumab for Residual HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Overall Survival in KATHERINE

As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Geyer et al, interim analysis of overall survival in the phase III KATHERINE trial showed a significant benefit of ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) vs trastuzumab in patients with residual invasive HER2-positive breast cancer after neoadjuvant...

breast cancer

Pertuzumab Retreatment in HER2-Positive Locally Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Yamamoto et al, the final overall survival analysis of the Japanese phase III PRECIOUS study showed a significant benefit with the addition of pertuzumab retreatment to trastuzumab plus physician’s choice of chemotherapy (PTC) in patients with...

solid tumors
issues in oncology
breast cancer
colorectal cancer
gynecologic cancers
lung cancer
hepatobiliary cancer

Trends in Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Appalachia

Investigators have found that although fewer patients may be diagnosed with and dying from cancer in Appalachia, cancer incidence and mortality rates remain substantially higher compared with elsewhere in the United States, according to a recent study published by Burus et al in the Journal of the...

solid tumors
issues in oncology
immunotherapy

Using AI to Identify Treatment Options for Castleman Disease

A novel artificial intelligence (AI) tool uncovered an effective treatment for a patient with idiopathic multicentric Castleman’s disease, according to a recent study published by Mumau et al in The New England Journal of Medicine. Background Idiopathic multicentric Castleman’s disease is a rare...

kidney cancer
issues in oncology
immunotherapy

Novel Personalized Cancer Vaccine May Be Effective in Patients With Stage III and IV Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Patients with stage III or IV clear cell renal cell carcinoma may have achieved a successful anticancer immune response following initiation of a novel personalized cancer vaccine, according to a recent study published by Braun et al in Nature. Background The standard treatment for stage III or IV...

skin cancer
genomics/genetics
issues in oncology

New Study Identifies Potential Genes Implicated in Treatment-Resistant Melanoma

Researchers have found that inhibiting the S6K2 gene could be an effective strategy for managing treatment-resistant melanoma, according to a recent study published by Lipchick et al in Science Translational Medicine. Background Cases of melanoma—the deadliest type of skin cancer—are currently...

leukemia
myelodysplastic syndromes

FDA Approves Preparative Regimen for Allogeneic HSCT in Patients With AML or MDS

On January 21, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved treosulfan (Grafapex), an alkylating agent, with fludarabine as a preparative regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in adult and pediatric patients 1 year of age and older with acute myeloid leukemia ...

thyroid cancer

Is Thyroid Cancer Overdiagnosed?

A retrospective study provides new evidence that thyroid cancer continues to be overdiagnosed and that aggressive screening and treatment of thyroid cancer has not led to higher survival rates. The research was published by Chen et al in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. “Many studies have...

breast cancer

Survival Outcomes in Patients With ERBB2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer With CNS Involvement

In a retrospective cohort study from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, which was reported in JAMA Network Open, Ferraro et al found that patients with ERBB2 (formerly HER2 or HER2/neu)-positive breast cancer and central nervous system (CNS) metastases only vs concomitant extracranial...

lymphoma

Triplet for Untreated TP53-Mutated Mantle Cell Lymphoma

First-line treatment with the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor zanubrutinib plus the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody obinutuzumab and the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax appeared to be safe and active in previously untreated patients with TP53-mutated mantle cell lymphoma, based on the results of the...

myelodysplastic syndromes

Is Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance Distinct From Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome?

High-risk patients with clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance have very similar characteristics and outcomes as patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), which can be informative with regard to prognosis, management, and clinical trial eligibility, said Zhuoer (Zoey) Xie, MD, ...

immunotherapy
issues in oncology
hematologic malignancies

CAR T-Cell Therapy Not Linked to Secondary Cancers, Study Finds

Researchers have found no evidence that chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy caused secondary cancers in the modified T cells, according to a recent study published by Jadlowsky et al in Nature Medicine. Background CAR T-cell therapy is a personalized type of immunotherapy that employs...

prostate cancer

Potential Link Between Early Side Effects From Radiation Therapy and Long-Term Side Effects in Patients With Prostate Cancer

The risk of developing more serious long-term urinary and bowel health issues may be higher in men undergoing radiation therapy for prostate cancer who experience side effects early in treatment, according to a recent study published by Nikitas et al in The Lancet Oncology. The findings highlighted ...

sarcoma

Botensilimab Plus Balstilimab in Relapsed or Refractory Metastatic Sarcomas

In a phase Ib study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wilky et al found that the combination of botensilimab (Fc-enhanced anti–CTLA-4 antibody) and balstilimab (anti–PD-1 antibody) yielded activity in patients with relapsed or refractory metastatic sarcomas. Study Details In the trial,...

sarcoma

Discontinuation and Resumption of Larotrectinib in Pediatric Patients With TRK Fusion Sarcomas and Related Mesenchymal Tumors

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Mascarenhas et al, follow-up of a cohort of pediatric patients with TRK fusion sarcomas and related mesenchymal tumors treated with larotrectinib showed that discontinuation of treatment—with resumption for progressive disease—was associated with...

colorectal cancer

Results From FIRE-4 Show Liquid Biopsy Can Detect RAS/BRAF-Mutated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

The results from the phase III FIRE-4 randomized clinical trial show that liquid biopsy accurately identified patients with RAS/BRAF V600E wild type–mutated metastatic colorectal cancer. The findings confirm the high clinical relevance of liquid biopsy performed at baseline before the start of...

issues in oncology

AI May Boost Efficacy of Cancer Care, but Physicians Remain Critical to Decision-Making, Study Finds

Although artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted radiotherapy may help physicians make more informed decisions when treating patients with cancer, there may be challenges in how physicians work with the technology, according to a recent study published by Niraula et al in Nature Communications. Study ...

breast cancer
immunotherapy

Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy May Hamper Immunotherapy Response in Patients With Breast Cancer

Researchers have provided novel insights into the effects of radiation on the immune cells surrounding breast cancer tumors, according to a recent study published by Yoneyama et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics. The findings revealed that the relationship...

neuroendocrine tumors

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Incidence in the United States

In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Abboud et al found that the incidence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) has increased in many organ sites during recent years in the United States. Study Details In the study, age-adjusted GEP-NETs incidence rates...

pancreatic cancer

Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Preoperative mFOLFIRINOX and Resection of Localized Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Stoop et al found that use of adjuvant modified leucovorin, fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFIRINOX) and other multiagent chemotherapy regimens improved overall survival vs no adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized...

leukemia

Bicistronic CAR T-Cell Therapy Demonstrates Clinical Activity in Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell ALL

A novel bicistronic CD19/CD22-directed CAR T-cell therapy (B019) has demonstrated high remission rates, durable responses, and a favorable safety profile among children with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), including those with isolated or combined extramedullary...

breast cancer

FDA Approves First Companion Diagnostic to Identify Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer Eligible for T-DXd

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a label expansion for the PATHWAY anti-HER2/neu (4B5) Rabbit Monoclonal Primary Antibody to identify patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-ultralow metastatic breast cancer who may be eligible for treatment with fam-trastuzumab...

lymphoma

Can R-CHOP–Like Therapy Effectively Treat Late-Relapse DLBCL?

Late relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) may represent a new lymphoma arising from a common precursor cell that is essentially chemotherapy-naive. Treatment with curative intent using a second-line regimen like R-CHOP (rituximab cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, prednisone, and...

lung cancer
genomics/genetics
issues in oncology

Predicting Response to KRAS G12C Inhibitors in NSCLC

Researchers may have uncovered a novel strategy to help predict how well patients with KRAS G12C–mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) will respond to new therapies, according to a recent study published by Kato et al in Clinical Cancer Research. Study Methods and Results Researchers developed ...

prostate cancer
issues in oncology

Rising Advanced Prostate Cancer Rates in California Follow Changes to Recommendations

The incidence of advanced prostate cancer rose and the mortality rate plateaued in most regions across the state of California following the decision to cease routinely screening all men for the disease, according to a recent study published by Van Blarigan et al in JAMA Network Open. The findings...

breast cancer

Trastuzumab/Pertuzumab Plus Eribulin or Taxane in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer

In a Japanese noninferiority phase III trial (EMERALD) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yamashita et al found that the addition of eribulin to trastuzumab/pertuzumab (HP) was noninferior in progression-free survival vs the addition of a taxane to HP in the first-line treatment of...

colorectal cancer

Thermal Ablation vs Surgical Resection of Small Resectable Colorectal Liver Metastases

In an interim analysis of a phase III noninferiority trial (COLLISION) reported in The Lancet Oncology, van der Lei et al found that thermal ablation was noninferior to surgical resection in terms of overall survival in patients with small resectable colorectal liver metastases. Study Details In...

head and neck cancer

Addition of Bevacizumab to Pembrolizumab in Platinum-Resistant Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

In a Singaporean phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Chong et al found that the addition of bevacizumab to pembrolizumab improved objective response rate in patients with platinum-resistant recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label trial, 48...

leukemia

Novel BTK and BCL2 Inhibitors Redefine CLL Treatment Across Front-Line and Relapsed Settings

Two pivotal phase III trials presented at the 2024 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition mark a significant shift toward chemotherapy-free approaches in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), offering potentially more effective and tolerable treatment options for both...

issues in oncology
global cancer care
pain management

Chemotherapy Linked to Chronic Neuropathy for 4 in Every 10 Patients: Global Analysis Results

Worldwide, cancer chemotherapy is linked to chronic painful neuropathy for around 4 in every 10 patients treated with these drugs, suggests a pooled data analysis of the available evidence published by D’Souza et al in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine. Notwithstanding wide regional...

solid tumors
breast cancer
issues in oncology

Cancer Symptoms Mistaken for Pregnancy Symptoms Could Lead to Delays in Cancer Diagnosis

Misdiagnosing cancer symptoms as normal pregnancy-related changes among pregnant individuals could lead to delays in treatment, according to a recent study published by Marcu et al in the British Journal of General Practice. Study Methods and Results In the study, researchers recruited 20 women...

gynecologic cancers
issues in oncology

Salpingectomy During Other Abdominal Surgeries May Lower Ovarian Cancer Risk

Fallopian tube removal performed during other abdominal surgeries could reduce the risk of ovarian cancer incidence among women who have already completed their families, according to a recent study published by Kather et al in PLOS Medicine. Background Ovarian cancer is the third most common...

gynecologic cancers
genomics/genetics

Hereditary Ovarian Cancer Risk: Unlocking New Insights

Researchers have uncovered new heredity genes that may contribute to an increased risk of developing high-grade serous ovarian cancer, according to a recent study published by Subramanian et al in npj Genomic Medicine. Background High-grade serous ovarian cancer is one of the most prevalent and...

cns cancers
breast cancer
issues in oncology

Does Brain MRI Surveillance Benefit Asymptomatic Patients With Stage IV Breast Cancer?

Researchers have found that asymptomatic brain metastases may be more common in patients with stage IV breast cancer than previously understood, according to a recent study published by Ahmed et al in Neuro-Oncology. The findings suggest that physicians may need to reconsider current screening...

hepatobiliary cancer

TACE and Durvalumab/Bevacizumab in Unresectable HCC

In the phase III EMERALD-1 trial reported in The Lancet, Sangro et al found that transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with durvalumab/bevacizumab improved progression-free survival vs placebo in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) amenable to embolization.  Study Details In...

breast cancer

CheckMate 7FL: Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy in ER-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer

A phase III trial has shown adding the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab to anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy that patients receive ahead of surgery may improve breast cancer cure rates. CheckMate-7FL involved 510 patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer,...

hepatobiliary cancer

Tiragolumab Plus Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab in Unresectable, Locally Advanced, or Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma

In a phase Ib-II study (MORPHEUS-Liver) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Finn et al found that the addition of tiragolumab, an anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody, to atezolizumab/bevacizumab improved objective response rate in patients with unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic hepatocellular...

solid tumors

Expediting Cancer Diagnoses With Acoustofluidics?

A novel system using standing surface acoustic waves may effectively and precisely separate circulating tumor cells from red blood cells, according to a novel study published by Kouhkord and Naserifar in the Physics of Fluids. Background Cancer accounted for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020—nearly...

skin cancer
issues in oncology

Talimogene Laherparepvec May Effectively Reduce Basal Cell Carcinoma Size Prior to Surgical Resection

Treatment with the oncolytic virus talimogene laherparepvec may be effective in patients with basal cell carcinoma, according to a novel study published by Ressler et al in Nature Cancer. Background Although basal cell carcinoma—which typically occurs in chronically sun-exposed areas such as the...

hematologic malignancies
supportive care

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Following ASCT

Oral fecal microbiota transplantation may be a feasible and safe option to prevent graft-vs-host disease in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT), according to a recent report published by Reddi et al in Nature Communications. The findings built on ...

myelodysplastic syndromes

BOREAS Trial: Navtemadlin Demonstrates Clinical Benefit in JAK Inhibitor–Refractory Myelofibrosis

The oral MDM2 inhibitor navtemadlin is the first single agent to demonstrate significant efficacy in JAK (Janus kinase) inhibitor–refractory myelofibrosis, achieving improvements in spleen volume, symptoms, and biomarkers, according to data presented at the 2024 American Society of Hematology (ASH) ...

gastroesophageal cancer

Perioperative Chemotherapy vs Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Resectable Locally Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma

In a German phase III trial (ESOPEC) reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Hoeppner et al found that perioperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil/leucovorin/oxaliplatin/docetaxel (FLOT) improved overall survival vs preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients undergoing surgery for locally ...

hematologic malignancies

Case 3: Steroid-Refractory Chronic GVHD With Sclerosis

This is Part 3 of Treatment Sequencing Considerations for Chronic Graft-vs-Host Disease, a three-part video roundtable series. Scroll down to watch the other videos from this roundtable.   In this video, Drs. Corey Cutler, Betty K. Hamilton, and Hannah K. Choe discuss the management of...

hematologic malignancies

Case 2: Moderate Chronic GVHD

This is Part 2 of Treatment Sequencing Considerations for Chronic Graft-vs-Host Disease, a three-part video roundtable series. Scroll down to watch the other videos from this roundtable.   In this video, Drs. Corey Cutler, Betty K. Hamilton, and Hannah K. Choe discuss the management of moderate...

hematologic malignancies

Case 1: Acute GVHD in a Patient With Lymphoma

This is Part 1 of Treatment Sequencing Considerations for Chronic Graft-vs-Host Disease, a three-part video roundtable series. Scroll down to watch the other videos from this roundtable.   In this video, Drs. Corey Cutler, Betty K. Hamilton, and Hannah K. Choe discuss the first-line treatment of...

colorectal cancer

Anna Martling, MD, PhD, on the ALASCCA Trial in Colorectal Cancer

The randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled ALASCCA Trial screened 3,508 patients across 33 hospitals in Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Norway for eligibility. They either had stage II or III colon cancer or stage I, II, or III rectal cancer. Ultimately, 626 patients continued on...

solid tumors
issues in oncology
genomics/genetics

FDA Highlights Importance of DPD Deficiency Discussions With Patients Prior to Capecitabine or Fluorouracil Treatment

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has provided a safety announcement to increase awareness of recent updates to the product labeling of capecitabine and fluorouracil related to the risks associated with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency. Background Fluoropyrimidines are a...

colorectal cancer

Cathy Eng, MD, on the FRESCO-2 Study in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Cathy Eng, MD, of Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, reported on findings from the FRESCO-2 study, focusing on overall survival with fruquintinib vs placebo after adjusting for subsequent anticancer therapy in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (Abstract 171). Abstract 171, a...

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