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Showing 9701 - 9750The Antiseptic Era: 1876–1900
The text and photographs here are excerpted from a four-volume series of books titled Oncology: Tumors & Treatment, A Photographic History, The Antiseptic Era: 1876–1900 by Stanley B. Burns, MD, FACS, and Elizabeth A. Burns. The photographs appear courtesy of Dr. Burns and The Burns Archive. To ...
How Effective Is Supplemental MRI Screening for Women With Extremely Dense Breasts?
In the Dutch DENSE study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Bakker et al found that supplemental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with extremely dense breast tissue and normal results on screening mammography was associated with the diagnosis of significantly fewer interval...
Global Survey Shows Misperceptions About Lung Cancer Among the General Public
Only one in five people (22%) disagrees with the statement “generally, patients with lung cancer have caused their illness through their lifestyle choices and behaviors,” according to a global, omnibus survey conducted by Ipsos MORI and sponsored by the Lung Ambition Alliance. The results were...
Gilteritinib for Relapsed or Refractory AML With FLT3 Mutation
Late in 2018, the FLT3 inhibitor gilteritinib was approved for the treatment of adult patients who have relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a FLT3 mutation, as detected by a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved test.1,2 The FDA also approved an expanded indication...
Selected Abstracts From the 2019 ASH Annual Meeting & Exposition
To complement The ASCO Post’s comprehensive coverage of the 2019 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, here are several abstracts selected from the meeting proceedings focusing on novel therapeutic regimens for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). For full details of these...
The WHO Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues
The ASCO Post is pleased to present Hematology Expert Review, an ongoing feature that quizzes readers on issues in hematology. In this installment, Syed Ali Abutalib, MD, and L. Jeffrey Medeiros, MD, explore the updated World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid ...
Pembrolizumab in Adjuvant Treatment of Melanoma With Involvement of Lymph Nodes After Complete Resection
In early 2019, pembrolizumab was approved for the adjuvant treatment of patients with melanoma with involvement of lymph node(s) following complete resection.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in the double-blind EORTC 1325/KEYNOTE-054 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier...
Long-Term Data on Brigatinib in First-Line Setting of ALK-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Updated data from the phase III ALTA-1L trial were presented by D. Ross Camidge, MD, PhD, of the University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, during the Presidential Session at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Asia Congress 2019 in Singapore.1 The trial evaluated brigatinib vs...
Coexisting With Cancer and Depression
Among the highlights at the 2019 Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium in October was the keynote address by Thomas J. Smith, MD, FACP, FASCO, FAAHPM, the Harry J. Duffey Family Professor of Palliative Medicine and Director of Palliative Medicine at Johns Hopkins Medicine and Professor of Oncology ...
Expert Point of View: Preet M. Chaudhary, MD, PhD
Preet M. Chaudhary, MD, PhD, of the University of Southern California (USC) Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, commented on the HOVON-96 trial for The ASCO Post. Dr. Chaudhary is Professor and Chief of Hematology, the Ronald H. Bloom Family Chair in Lymphoma Research, and Program Director of...
ACCC Project Focuses on Multidisciplinary Care of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Due to the rarity of advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, staying current with the latest information on diagnosing, treating, and supporting patients with this diagnosis can be challenging for clinicians who do not often encounter it in practice. To support the multi-disciplinary cancer...
Acupuncture May Reduce Radiation-Induced Dry Mouth for Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
After receiving acupuncture treatment 3 days a week during the course of radiation treatment, patients with head and neck cancer experienced less dry mouth, according to study results published by Garcia et al in JAMA Network Open. The results are from the first randomized, placebo-controlled,...
Acalabrutinib for Adult Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia or Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
On November 21, 2019, the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor acalabrutinib was approved for the treatment of adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL).1,2 The review resulting in approval was conducted under Project Orbis, an initiative of the U.S....
First-Line Weekly Dose-Dense Chemotherapy in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: ICON8 Trial
In the phase III Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup ICON8 trial reported in The Lancet, Clamp et al found that first-line weekly dose-dense chemotherapy did not improve progression-free survival vs standard 3-weekly chemotherapy in a predominantly European population with epithelial ovarian cancer....
ASCO/NCODA Release Standards for Medically Integrated Dispensing of Oral Anticancer Drugs
ASCO and the National Community Oncology Dispensing Association (NCODA) have published recommended standards for medically integrated dispensing of oral anticancer therapies and supportive care medications in the oncology clinic.1 “The NCODA created quality standards 6 years ago and recognized the ...
ASCO’s National Cancer Opinion Survey Finds Gaps in Knowledge on Cancer Prevention and the Dangers of E-Cigarettes
As in the previous 2 years, the results from ASCO’s 2019 Cancer Opinion Survey revealed some startling answers about the public’s understanding of cancer, its risk factors, and strategies to prevent the disease. Although a majority of Americans (57%) said they were concerned about developing...
Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma Outcomes Improving Exponentially
Emerging treatments for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma include options beyond triplet regimens, including immunotherapy and mutation-driven therapy. Several exciting drugs are poised to be available in the clinic in 2020, according to speakers at the recent JADPRO Live, the annual...
Phase Ib/II Studies Explore Next-Generation BCMA-Targeted CAR T-Cell Therapies in Multiple Myeloma
In patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, two novel dual-target chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell strategies are yielding early and durable responses, with seemingly less cytokine-release syndrome and neurotoxicity than first-generation CAR T-cell products, according to the...
Commercial Gene-Expression Tests for Prostate Cancer May Not Accurately Predict Disease Progression in African American Men
A study examining the differences in gene expression between African American and European American men with prostate cancer for three commercially available prostate cancer prognostic biomarker panels—Oncotype DX Prostate Score, Prolaris, and Decipher—has found that these tests may not accurately...
Does Second-Line Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Previously Treated With Sorafenib Confer a Survival Benefit?
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Richard S. Finn, MD, and colleagues, the phase III KEYNOTE-240 trial has shown no statistically significant progression-free or overall survival benefit with pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who were...
FDA Approves Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv for Previously Treated Advanced Urothelial Cancer
On December 18, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to enfortumab vedotin-ejfv (Padcev) for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who have previously received neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with a programmed cell death protein 1 ...
How to Give Effective Presentation Feedback
Giving an effective scientific presentation, like all public speaking, is an acquired skill that takes practice to perfect. When delivered successfully, an oral presentation can be an invaluable opportunity to showcase your latest research results among your colleagues and peers. It can also...
Expert Point of View: Sherene Loi, MD
Sherene Loi, MD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia, said that the BROCADE3 trial was positive because it met its primary endpoint. However, she expressed some reservations about adopting this combination as a new standard for HER2-negative BRCA-mutated advanced breast cancer....
Veliparib/Chemotherapy Combination Active in HER2-Negative BRCA-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer
The addition of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor veliparib to carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with advanced HER2-negative breast cancer and germline BRCA mutation compared with placebo plus chemotherapy, according to...
ASTRO Issues Clinical Guideline on Radiation Therapy for Basal Cell and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas
A new clinical guideline from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) provides recommendations on the use of radiation therapy to treat patients diagnosed with the most common types of skin cancers. The guideline details when radiation treatments are appropriate as stand-alone therapy...
Single-Fraction vs Multifraction Radiotherapy for Patients With Spine Metastases
Spinal canal compression is a common complication in patients with cancer if disease metastasizes to the spine—about 3% to 5% of patients with cancer develop it. Radiotherapy is used to control pain and alleviate symptoms. According to results from the SCORAD randomized clinical trial, published by ...
Survey of Anticipation and Experience of Adverse Effects in Patients Receiving Radiotherapy
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Reshma Jagsi, MD, DPhil, and colleagues found that most patients undergoing radiation therapy for cancer reported that they did not experience anticipated radiotherapy adverse effects, or that the adverse effect was no worse than expected....
Pembrolizumab in Refractory Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the phase II KEYNOTE-199 study, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Antonarakis et al, pembrolizumab showed activity and had an acceptable safety profile in patients with treatment-refractory metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Study Details The trial was conducted at 85 ...
Early Research Shows Potential New Targets in Treating Glioblastoma, Colorectal Cancer, and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Glioblastoma multiforme, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma represent some of the most difficult-to-treat cancers and collectively cause more than 114,000 deaths each year in the United States. A trio of recently published basic research studies in these cancers have found...
First-Line Atezolizumab Plus Nab-paclitaxel in Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Second Overall Survival Interim Analysis
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Peter Schmid, MD, and colleagues, the prespecified second interim analysis of overall survival in the phase III IMpassion130 trial has shown no overall survival benefit with the addition of atezolizumab to nab-paclitaxel as first-line treatment of unresectable, ...
A Systematic Approach to Identifying the Molecular Factors That Lead to Cancer Progression
Although gene mutations are the primary drivers of carcinogenesis, an array of complex and tumor-specific molecular interaction networks determine cancer cell behavior. To learn more about this line of inquiry, The ASCO Post recently spoke with Andrea Califano, Dr., Professor of Chemical Biology...
People With Mental Illness Receive Less Cancer Screening vs General Population
Results from a systematic review and comparative meta-analysis show that despite increased mortality from cancer in people with mental illness, this population receives less cancer screening compared to the general population. These findings were published by Solmi et al in The Lancet Psychiatry....
Risk of Asparaginase-Associated Pancreatitis in Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rank et al found a similar risk of asparaginase-associated pancreatitis in older children, adolescents, and adults and greater associated morbidity in adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated according to the Nordic Society of...
Study Links Sustained Weight Loss to Reduced Breast Cancer Risk
A new study finds that women who lost weight after age 50 and kept it off had a lower risk of breast cancer than women whose weight remained stable, helping answer a vexing question in cancer prevention.1 The reduction in risk increased with the amount of weight lost and was specific to women not...
FDA Approves Enzalutamide for Patients With Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
On December 16, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved enzalutamide (Xtandi) for patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. The FDA previously approved enzalutamide for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. ARCHES Trial Efficacy was investigated in...
Lung Cancer Expert Julie R. Brahmer, MD, MSc, Was an Early Believer in Immunotherapy—and Still Is
Lung cancer specialist Julie R. Brahmer, MD, MSc, comes from a long line of Midwest farmers who still run a family operation. “I’m originally from what I would call the middle of nowhere in Nebraska. My father is a sixth-generation farmer, and my mother is a nurse. I was inclined toward medicine at ...
Immunotherapy for Head/Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Questions Raised by KEYNOTE-048
There is a new first-line treatment option for patients with newly diagnosed, recurrent, or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. As reported by Burtness et al in The Lancet, pembrolizumab improved overall survival vs the standard-of-care regimen of cetuximab and platinum-based...
TIVO-3: Third- or Fourth-Line Tivozanib vs Sorafenib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Brian I. Rini, MD, and colleagues, the phase III TIVO-3 trial has shown a statistically significant increase in progression-free survival with tivozanib vs sorafenib as a third- or fourth-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Study Details The...
ESMO Immuno-Oncology 2019: First-Line Immunotherapy Combination for Patients With Advanced NSCLC and Comorbidities or Poor Performance Status
First-line treatment with the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab was safe and provided encouraging overall survival results in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as in patients with NSCLC traditionally not eligible for clinical trials—such as those who had...
ESMO Immuno-Oncology 2019: CXCR4 Inhibitor in Combination With Pembrolizumab/Chemotherapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
When the CXCR4 inhibitor BL-8040 was combined with the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in the second-line setting, the regimen showed promising antitumor activity in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. These findings were...
ESMO Immuno-Oncology 2019: Sitravatinib/Tislelizumab Shows Antitumor Activity in Ovarian Cancer
Results from a phase Ib study reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Immuno-Oncology Congress 2019 showed manageable safety and encouraging antitumor activity in patients with advanced ovarian cancer treated with the novel combination of sitravatinib and tislelizumab. These...
Nadine M. Tung, MD, on HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: INFORM Trial of Cisplatin vs Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide
Nadine M. Tung, MD, of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, discusses cisplatin vs doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (AC) as neoadjuvant treatment in BRCA-mutation carriers with HER2-negative breast cancer. Although cisplatin as a single agent shows activity in this setting, the pathologic complete...
Marie-Jeanne T.F.D. Vrancken Peeters, MD, PhD, on Omitting Breast Surgery: Results of the MICRA Trial
Marie-Jeanne T.F.D. Vrancken Peeters, MD, PhD, of the Netherlands Cancer Institute, discusses an interim study analysis showing that ultrasound-guided core biopsies of the breast in patients with excellent response on MRI after neoadjuvant systemic therapy may not be accurate enough to safely...
SABCS 2019: Oral vs Intravenous Paclitaxel for Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer
Patients with metastatic breast cancer who received an oral formulation of paclitaxel had better response and survival and less neuropathy than patients who received intravenous paclitaxel, according to results of a phase III trial presented at by Umanzor et al at the San Antonio Breast Cancer...
SABCS 2019: Residual Cancer Burden After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy as a Predictive Tool
A large meta-analysis of patients with breast cancer showed that residual cancer burden after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an accurate long-term predictor of recurrence and survival across all breast cancer subtypes, according to data presented by Yau et al at the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer...
SABCS 2019: ctDNA May Be an Independent Predictor of Disease Recurrence in Patients With Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
The detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer treated with surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an independent predictor of disease recurrence, according to a phase II study investigating the potential of using ctDNA to detect...
SABCS 2019: Does Treatment With Pembrolizumab Improve Pathologic Complete Response in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Lymph Node Involvement?
The addition of the checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and as adjuvant therapy increased the rates of pathologic complete response in patients with triple-negative breast cancer who had lymph node involvement, according to results from the KEYNOTE-522 trial, which were...
SABCS 2019: 6-Year Analysis of the Addition of Pertuzumab to Trastuzumab Plus Chemotherapy as Adjuvant Therapy
Data from the 6-year analysis of the APHINITY trial showed that adding pertuzumab to the previous standard treatment of trastuzumab plus chemotherapy after surgery continued to reduce the risk of recurrence and death in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer, according to findings...
SABCS 2019: IBIS-II Study Finds Long-Term Preventive Benefit With Anastrozole Among Postmenopausal Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer
A 10-year median follow-up analysis of the IBIS-II trial on the efficacy and safety of the aromatase inhibitor anastrozole for healthy postmenopausal women at increased risk of developing breast cancer has found that the therapy reduced the likelihood of breast cancer incidence by 50% and had few...
ASH 2019: Blinatumomab vs Standard Chemotherapy for Pediatric Patients With Relapsed B-ALL
Blinatumomab improved survival in children with relapsed B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) compared with standard chemotherapy, accordings to findings from a study presented by Brown et al at the 2019 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition (Abstract LBA-1)....
