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Showing 751 - 8005α-Reductase Inhibitor Use and Progression of Bladder Cancer in South Korean Males
In a Korean cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, An et al found that men with prescriptions for 5α-reductase inhibitors prior to diagnosis of urothelial bladder cancer had better outcomes than those with no prior prescriptions. Study Details The study analyzed patient claims data from the...
Anthracycline-Related Cardiomyopathy and HP Gene Expression in Childhood Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Singh et al found that haptoglobin (HP) gene expression was associated with risk of anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy in childhood cancer survivors. Study Details In the study, messenger RNA sequencing was performed on total RNA from the peripheral...
Allostatic Load and Mortality in Patients With Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Network Open, Samilia Obeng-Gyasi, MD, MPH, and colleagues found that allostatic load—defined as “a cumulative measure of physiologic damage secondary to cognitive-emotional responses and perceptions to socioenvironmental stressors (ie, low socioeconomic status)”—was...
Microdoses of Incisional Antibiotics and Surgical Site Infections in Surgery for Skin Cancer
In a single-institution study conducted in New Zealand reported in JAMA Surgery, Goh et al found that microdoses of incisional antibiotics may reduce the risk of surgical site infections during surgery for skin cancer, as well as reduce the risk of infections requiring postoperative systemic...
SGLT2 Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Older, Anthracycline-Treated Patients With Cancer
In a population-based cohort study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Abdel-Qadir et al found that receipt of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors was associated with a reduced risk of hospitalization for heart failure—but not risk for heart failure—among patients aged ≥ 65 years with...
Diffusing Alpha-Emitter Radiation Therapy for Recurrent or Unresectable Skin Cancers
In a small study reported in JAMA Network Open, D’Andrea et al found that diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy—a novel solid tumor management strategy using alpha-particle interstitial brachytherapy—appeared to be safe and showed activity in patients with recurrent or unresectable skin...
Addition of First-Line Dalpiciclib to Letrozole or Anastrozole in Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer
In an interim analysis of a Chinese phase III trial (DAWNA-2) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Zhang et al found that the addition of the CDK4/6 inhibitor dalpiciclib to letrozole or anastrozole improved progression-free survival as first-line treatment in patients with advanced hormone...
Long-Term Outcomes With Single-Fraction vs Multifraction SABR for Pulmonary Oligometastases
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Shankar Siva, PhD, and colleagues, long-term outcomes of the Trans Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) 13.01 SAFRON II phase II trial showed no difference in overall survival with single-fraction vs multifraction stereotactic ablative body...
MGMT Promoter Methylation and Survival Outcomes in Low-Grade and Anaplastic Gliomas After Alkylating Chemotherapy
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Kinslow et al found that MGMT promoter methylation (mMGMT) was associated with improved survival outcomes in patients receiving alkylating chemotherapy for low-grade and anaplastic gliomas. Study Details The study involved 411 patients with grade II or III...
Tumor Genomic Profile and Risk for Arterial Thromboembolism in Patients With Solid Cancer
In a single-institution study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Stephanie Feldman, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues found that somatic KRAS and STK11 alterations were associated with increased risk of arterial thromboembolism in patients with solid tumors,...
Survival in Patients With Neuroblastoma on Reduced Therapy as a Result of Change in COG Risk Stratification
In an analysis recently reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology,1 Bender et al found that “excellent” survival outcomes were achieved in patients receiving reduced treatment for neuroblastoma as a result of reassignment to intermediate risk from high risk based on a change in the minimum age...
Circulating Tumor DNA Identified Prior to and During Treatment Is Associated With Poorer Outcomes in Primary CNS Lymphoma
In a collaborative study from the University of Freiburg and Stanford University reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jurik A. Mutter, BSc, of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, and colleagues found that circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) identified prior to and during treatment...
Effect of HER2 Expression Levels on Survival Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer Receiving Targeted Therapy Plus Endocrine Therapy
In a single-institution cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Jason A. Mouabbi, MD, and colleagues found no difference in survival outcomes between patients with hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer with low vs no HER2 expression who received targeted therapy and endocrine...
Anti–PD-L1 Combination vs Sunitinib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a meta-analysis reported in a research letter in JAMA Network Open, Maiorano et al found that first-line anti–PD-L1 treatment combinations did not significantly improve overall survival vs sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. A progression-free survival benefit was...
Prevalence of Functional Limitations in U.S. Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Patel et al found that the prevalence of self-reported functional limitations in U.S. cancer survivors increased between 1999 and 2018. Study Details The analysis included adults in the 1999 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)...
Retifanlimab-dlwr for Metastatic or Recurrent Locally Advanced Merkel Cell Carcinoma
On March 22, 2023, the anti–PD-1 antibody retifanlimab-dlwr was granted accelerated approval for adults with metastatic or recurrent locally advanced Merkel cell carcinoma.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in POD1UM-201 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03599713), a...
Omidubicel-onlv to Reduce Time to Neutrophil Recovery and Incidence of Infection in Hematologic Malignancies
On April 17, 2023, omidubicel-onlv was approved for use in adult and pediatric patients (≥ 12 years) with hematologic malignancies who are planned for umbilical cord blood transplantation following myeloablative conditioning to reduce the time to neutrophil recovery and the incidence of infection.1 ...
Tumor Mutational Burden and Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Cancers Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
In a study reported in JAMA Network Open, Charu Aggarwal, MD, MPH, and colleagues found that patients with advanced solid cancers and a high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H) had improved overall survival with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy vs those with a low tumor mutational burden (TMB-L)....
Addition of Panitumumab to Trifluridine/Tipiracil in Anti-EGFR Treatment Rechallenge in Refractory RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the Italian phase II VELO trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Napolitano et al found that anti-EGFR treatment rechallenge with the addition of panitumumab to trifluridine/tipiracil improved progression-free survival in the third-line setting for patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal...
Radical Cystectomy vs Trimodality Therapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In a retrospective analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Zlotta et al found that trimodality therapy was associated with similar outcomes compared to radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Study Details The study involved 722 patients with clinical stage T2–T4N0M0...
Assay Prediction of pCR in Patients With HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel, Trastuzumab, and Pertuzumab
In an analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Waks et al found that the HER2DX assay performed well in predicting the likelihood of pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer receiving de-escalated neoadjuvant treatment with paclitaxel, trastuzumab, and...
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children With Cancer and COVID-19
In a U.S. cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Martin et al described the clinical course and potential factors associated with post–COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children with cancer also infected with COVID-19. Post–COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome is a...
Late Major Surgical Intervention in Survivors of Childhood Cancer
In an analysis from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Dieffenbach et al found that childhood cancer survivors had a heavy cumulative burden of late major surgical interventions. Study Details The study involved data from the CCSS on 5-year survivors of...
Specialist Palliative Care for Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery for Cancer
In a single-center trial reported in JAMA Surgery, Shinall et al found that specialist palliative care did not improve quality of life or survival vs usual care in patients undergoing nonpalliative major abdominal surgery for cancer. Study Details In the trial, 235 patients scheduled for specified...
Augmented Early Intensification and Higher Consolidation Methotrexate Dosing Show No Benefit in Childhood ALL
Results of the Intercontinental-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster 2009 trial in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Campbell et al. Findings included no benefit of augmented early intensification in intermediate-risk or high-risk patients and no...
Use of 5α-Reductase Inhibitors and Prostate Cancer Mortality
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Baboudjian et al found no significant association between the use of 5α-reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) and the risk of prostate cancer mortality. As stated by the investigators, “Recently, several large, high-quality analyses have...
First-Line Venetoclax Combinations vs Chemoimmunotherapy in Fit Patients With CLL
In the phase III GAIA–CLL13 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Barbara Eichhorst, MD, and colleagues found better outcomes with venetoclax plus obinutuzumab and venetoclax, obinutuzumab, and ibrutinib compared with chemoimmunotherapy as first-line treatment in fit patients with ...
Trastuzumab/Pertuzumab Plus Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel or Endocrine Therapy in Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer
In a German phase II trial (WSG-TP-II) reported in JAMA Oncology, Gluz et al found that the addition of neoadjuvant paclitaxel monotherapy to trastuzumab/pertuzumab resulted in a higher pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-positive early breast...
Implantable Ultrasound Device to Open Blood-Brain Barrier for Peritumoral Delivery of Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel in Recurrent Glioblastoma
In a small single-institution phase I trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sonabend et al found that an implantable device for low-intensity pulsed ultrasound with concomitant administration of intravenous microbubbles (LIPU-MB) may be safely used to open the blood-brain barrier to permit...
Does Prediagnosis Smoking Cessation Improve Overall Survival in Patients With NSCLC?
In a cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Wang et al found that overall survival in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who stopped smoking prior to their cancer diagnosis was better than overall survival among those who were current smokers at the time of their diagnosis. Study ...
Addition of Bevacizumab to Trifluridine/Tipiracil in Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Prager et al, the phase III SUNLIGHT trial has shown prolonged overall survival with the addition of bevacizumab to trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD-TPI) in previously treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. As stated by the...
Potential Utility of Polygenic Risk Scores in Cancer Screening in the United Kingdom
In a modeling study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Huntley et al found that the extension of UK cancer screening programs for breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers to a polygenic risk score (PRS)-defined high-risk group of patients with cancer may improve cancer case detection and avoidance of ...
Long-Term Risk Prediction for Invasive Breast Cancer: AI System Plus Volumetric Density on Screening Mammography
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vachon et al found that the combination of an artificial intelligence (AI) imaging algorithm, together with measures of breast density on mammography screening, were capable of long-term prediction of risk of invasive breast cancer. As stated ...
Familial Clonal Hematopoiesis in Individuals With a Mutation in Telomere-Related Gene POT1
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, DeBoy et al found that individuals carrying germline heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the telomere-related gene POT1 had long telomeres and may be at risk for benign and malignant neoplasms as part of a familial clonal...
Patient-Reported Outcomes From the NRG Oncology/RTOG 0815 in Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer
In an analysis of the phase III NRG Oncology/RTOG 0815 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Benjamin Movsas, MD, and colleagues found few differences in patient-reported outcomes among patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer receiving short-term total androgen suppression...
Addition of Short-Term ADT to Dose-Escalated Radiotherapy in Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Daniel J. Krauss, MD, and colleagues, the phase III NRG Oncology/RTOG 0815 study showed no significant improvement in overall survival with the addition of short-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) to dose-escalated radiotherapy in patients...
Ibrutinib and Rituximab vs Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, and Rituximab in Previously Untreated Patients With CLL
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Peter Hillmen, MBChB, PhD, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the UK phase III FLAIR trial has shown significantly improved progression-free survival with ibrutinib and rituximab vs fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) in previously untreated...
Interruption of Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy to Attempt Pregnancy in Women With Breast Cancer
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Ann H. Partridge, MD, MPH, and colleagues found that temporary interruption of adjuvant endocrine therapy to attempt pregnancy was not associated with an increased short-term risk of breast cancer events among women with hormone...
Ruxolitinib for Patients With Polycythemia Vera Intolerant or Resistant to Hydroxycarbamide
In a UK phase II trial (MAJIC-PV) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Harrison et al found that ruxolitinib produced a higher complete response rate vs best available therapy in patients with polycythemia vera intolerant of or resistant to hydroxycarbamide. Study Details In the...
Lenalidomide in Previously Treated Children With Low-Grade Gliomas
In a Children’s Oncology Group phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Katherine E. Warren, MD, and colleagues found that lenalidomide showed activity in children with pilocytic astrocytomas and optic pathway gliomas who did not respond to initial therapy. As noted by the...
Longitudinal Change in Mammographic Breast Density and Risk of Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Jiang et al found that breast density decreased over time among patients undergoing mammographic screening for breast cancer, but that the decrease was smaller in the affected breast among patients who developed breast cancer vs the decrease observed in...
Abiraterone Acetate Plus Prednisolone With or Without Enzalutamide in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer Initiating ADT
In an analysis of the final results of two STAMPEDE platform phase III trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gerhardt Attard, PhD, and colleagues found that the addition of enzalutamide to abiraterone plus prednisolone did not appear to improve survival outcomes and was associated with worse...
Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv With Pembrolizumab in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
On April 3, 2023, enfortumab vedotin-ejfv with pembrolizumab was granted accelerated approval for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma ineligible for cisplatin-containing chemotherapy.1,2 Enfortumab vedotin-ejfv is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting nectin 4....
Detection of Early Emphysema During Lung Cancer Screening: Opportunities to Optimize Health
In an article in Annals of the American Thoracic Society, James L. Mulshine, MD, of the Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Medicine, Rush University, and colleagues maintained that the high frequency of emphysema newly identified during low-dose computed tomography (CT) lung cancer screening...
Tucatinib Plus Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive, Refractory, RAS Wild-Type, Unresectable or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by John H. Strickler, MD, and colleagues, the phase II MOUNTAINEER trial has shown the activity of the combination of tucatinib plus trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive, chemotherapy-refractory, RAS wild-type, unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer....
Pain Control for Localized Spine Metastases: Stereotactic Radiosurgery vs Conventional Radiotherapy
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Ryu et al, the phase III portion of the NRG Oncology/RTOG 0631 trial showed no benefit in pain relief with use of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) vs conventional external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in patients with one to three sites of vertebral metastases. Study...
Extension of Adjuvant Anastrozole After Initial Therapeutic Regimen in Postmenopausal Patients With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
In a Japanese phase III trial (AERAS) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Iwase et al found that an additional 5 years of adjuvant anastrozole after 5 years of anastrozole or tamoxifen followed by anastrozole was associated with improved disease-free survival vs no further anastrozole...
Does Stem Cell Transplantation Extend Survival in Patients With Advanced Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas?
In a French study (CUTALLO) reported in The Lancet, de Masson et al found that patients with advanced-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphomas who were able to undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) had prolonged progression-free survival vs matched patients receiving...
Induction Failure in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients With T-Cell ALL
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, O’Connor et al found that pediatric and young adult patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) who did not respond to induction therapy had poorer outcomes vs those with induction response. The investigators also attempted...
Sotorasib in Pretreated Patients With KRAS G12C–Mutated NSCLC: 2-Year Analysis of CodeBreaK100
In an analysis published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Grace K. Dy, MD, and colleagues report 2-year outcomes of the CodeBreaK100 phase I/II trial of sotorasib in previously treated patients with KRAS G12C–mutated locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). According...
