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Nicolas Girard, MD, PhD, on NSCLC: New Data on Event-Free Survival With Nivolumab Plus Platinum-Doublet Chemotherapy
Nicolas Girard, MD, PhD, of the Institut Curie, discusses findings from the phase III CheckMate 816 trial, which is the first study with an immunotherapy-based combination to demonstrate improved event-free survival and pathologic complete response in the neoadjuvant setting for patients with...
Mantle Cell Lymphoma Previously Treated With BTK Inhibitor May Respond to a Newer BTK Inhibitor
The next-generation inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) may be effective in mantle cell lymphoma for patients previously treated with an older BTK inhibitor, according to results from the phase I/II BRUIN trial. These findings were reported at the 2021 American Society of Hematology (ASH)...
Diagnosis of Cancer Within 30 Days After Emergency Hospital Admission
In an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership study reported in The Lancet Oncology, McPhail et al identified the proportions of cancer diagnoses made within 30 days after emergency presentation and hospital admission. They also analyzed risk factors and outcomes for such diagnoses in a group ...
Effect of Changes to California Medicaid Dental Benefits on Earlier Diagnosis of Oral Cavity Cancer
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Kana et al found that changes to Medicaid dental benefits in California from comprehensive to emergency services—and then back to comprehensive—were associated with reduced, then increased, percentages of cases of oral cavity cancer...
Factors Contributing to Mortality and Second Cancer Incidence After Treatment for Testicular Cancer
In a Norwegian study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fosså et al identified factors associated with increased mortality and second cancer risk among testicular cancer survivors, including treatment factors and modifiable adverse health outcomes. Study Details The study included data...
Break Through Cancer Announces $50 Million in Grants to Researchers From Five Top Cancer Research Centers
Today, 1 year after its founding, Break Through Cancer announced $50 million in grants to support several cutting-edge research projects using a novel “TeamLab” structure—designed to maximize interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Sidney Kimmel...
Association of MRD Status With Outcomes After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma
In an analysis from the UK phase III MYELOMA XI trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, de Tute et al found that persistent measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative status after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and conversion from MRD-positive to -negative status were...
Data From the AACR Annual Meeting 2022
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting took place from April 8 to 13 in New Orleans. The AACR Annual Meeting brings together the cancer research community to share the latest advances in cancer science and medicine, from population science and prevention; to cancer...
Changes in the NCCN Guidelines on Colorectal Cancer Screening
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®) Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Colorectal Cancer Screening have recently incorporated significant changes, reflecting recommendations that will spare some patients unnecessary interventions and, in other cases, detect cancer earlier. The ...
Therapies Targeting DNA Damage Response Show Antitumor Activity
Results from two early-stage clinical trials show two drugs that target the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway in cancers—the ATR inhibitor elimusertib and the PARP inhibitor AZD5305—are safe and clinically beneficial in treating patients with advanced solid tumors. Principal investigator Timothy...
Researchers Seek to Expand Immunotherapy Options for Patients With Advanced Breast and Colorectal Cancers
Two presentations given at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2022 focused on promising strategies for making breakthrough immunotherapies work for more patients. Both studies report findings from clinical trials that advance a novel immunotherapy platform in...
Association Between Venous Thromboembolism Risk and Blood Type
A new study published by Englisch et al in the journal Blood Advances suggests that people with cancer and non-O blood types—such as types A, B, and AB—may face an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) 3 months after their initial diagnosis. Scientists have long strived to...
Longitudinal Patterns of Fatigue After Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
In an analysis from the French prospective CANTO study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vaz-Luis et al identified three trajectory groups for the risk of severe global fatigue over time among women treated for breast cancer, consisting of a high-risk group, deteriorating group, and...
Selumetinib in Children and Young Adults With Tumors That Have Activating MAPK Pathway Alterations
In a phase II trial (arm E of the NCI-COG Pediatric MATCH trial) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Eckstein et al found that the MEK inhibitor selumetinib showed little activity in pediatric and young adult patients with tumors harboring activating MAPK pathway mutations or fusions. As...
Study Findings Broaden Repertoire of Cancer-Relevant Genes
Following an analysis of over 12,000 human genes, research from Yale Cancer Center indicates there is cancer-relevant importance in a much larger proportion of human genes than current cancer research models suggest. Much of cancer biology research focuses on a few dozen well-studied genes called...
Third Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine Significantly Increases Immune Responses in Most Patients With Multiple Myeloma
Most immunocompromised people with multiple myeloma benefited from a third dose of COVID-19 vaccines—a promising sign after it was shown that two doses tended to not be sufficient for them. However, some people with multiple myeloma still remained vulnerable and may need a fourth dose or antibody...
Turnaround Times in Melanoma BRAF Testing and Effect on Time to Treatment Initiation
In a single-center study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Ceballos et al identified turnaround times for request and receipt of melanoma BRAF testing results. They also analyzed factors in differences in turnaround times and effects on time to initiation of treatment. The study included 66...
Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Women With Breast Cancer: The Pathways Heart Study
In an analysis from the prospective cohort Pathways Heart Study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Heather Greenlee, ND, PhD, and colleagues found that breast cancer survivors were at increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality compared with women without breast cancer, with...
AI Model May Help Predict Adverse Events From New Drug Combinations
Preliminary data from an artificial intelligence (AI) model could potentially predict side effects resulting from new combination therapies, according to results presented by Küçükosmanoğlu et al at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2022 (Abstract 6312). “Clinicians ...
Biomarker-Driven Assessment of Nivolumab, Nivolumab/Ipilimumab, and VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Clear Cell RCC
In the French phase II BIONIKK trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Vano et al assessed outcomes of first-line treatment with nivolumab with or without ipilimumab and VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors given according to characteristics of molecular subgroups in patients with metastatic clear cell...
New Bioinformatics Platform Optimizes Selection of Combination Cancer Therapies
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have developed a new bioinformatics platform that predicts optimal treatment combinations for a given group of patients based on co-occurring tumor alterations. In retrospective validation studies, the tool selected combinations that...
Patients With ALL and Certain Gene Regulation Patterns May Be Less Likely to Respond to CAR T-Cell Therapy
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells from patients whose cancers did not respond to CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy had gene regulation signatures that could potentially facilitate treatment resistance, according to results presented at the American Association for...
Association of Pretreatment Lymphocyte Count With Overall Survival and Benefit of Addition of Cisplatin to Radiotherapy in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In a UK observational cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Price et al found that pretreatment absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) was associated with overall survival and predictive of benefit of the addition of cisplatin to radiotherapy in patients with oropharyngeal squamous...
Ipilimumab Plus Nivolumab Improves Progression-Free Survival in Advanced Melanoma
Patients with advanced melanoma whose cancer does not respond to treatment with PD-1 inhibitors are often switched to treatment with a second type of immunotherapy drug, a CTLA-4 inhibitor such as the drug ipilimumab. In a phase II trial presented by Vanderwalde et al during the American...
Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab Shows Activity in Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors
In a single-institution phase II study reported in JAMA Oncology, Halperin et al found that the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab showed activity in treatment of advanced well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors. As stated by the investigators, “Therapies for patients with advanced...
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Resected Stage IIB or IIC Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet by Luke et al, the phase III KEYNOTE-716 trial has shown significantly prolonged recurrence-free survival with adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with high-risk completely resected stage IIB/IIC melanoma at both first and second interim analyses. The first...
Novel COVID-19 Vaccine May Provide Protection for Patients With B-Cell Deficiencies
CoVac-1, a new vaccine against SARS–CoV-2, induced T-cell immune responses in 93% of patients with B-cell deficiencies, including many patients with leukemia and lymphoma, according to results presented by Tandler et al at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2022...
In the Neoadjuvant Setting, Combination Immunotherapy With Durvalumab Is More Effective Than Durvalumab Alone for Early-Stage NSCLC
Combination immunotherapy with the anti–PD-L1 monoclonal antibody durvalumab and other novel agents outperforms durvalumab alone in the neoadjuvant setting for early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to research presented by Cascone et al at the American Association for Cancer...
New CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors Was Safe and Showed Early Efficacy
A new chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell product had an acceptable safety profile and showed early signs of efficacy as a monotherapy and in combination with an mRNA vaccine in patients with solid tumors, according to preliminary data from a phase I/II clinical trial presented by Haanen et al...
FDA Issues New Draft Guidance to Industry for Developing Plans to Enroll Participants From Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Populations
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a new draft guidance to industry for developing plans to enroll more participants from underrepresented racial and ethnic populations in the United States into clinical trials—expanding on the agency’s previous guidances for industry to...
Accounting for Genetic Factors That Cause Normal Variations in PSA Levels May Improve the Accuracy of Prostate Cancer Detection
The accuracy of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer could be improved by accounting for genetic factors that cause changes in PSA levels not associated with cancer, according to data presented by Kachuri et al during the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)...
Study Examines Disparities in Relapse Among Pediatric Patients With ALL
According to a large multiethnic study presented by Sok et al at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2022, Latinx children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative status were more likely to relapse compared with...
Maria Elena Martinez, PhD, MPH, on Colorectal Cancer Screening in Underserved Populations: COVID, Silver Linings, and Challenges Ahead
Maria Elena Martinez, PhD, MPH, of the University of California, San Diego Moores Cancer Center, provides an overview of the key components of the Accelerating Colorectal Cancer Screening and Follow-up through Implementation Science program, challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, and...
Electra D. Paskett, PhD, on Social Stresses and Cancer Treatment: An Expert Perspective
Electra D. Paskett, PhD, of The Ohio State University, discusses various factors that may contribute to cancer such as socioeconomic status, discrimination, violence, and access to health care. When clinicians identify these factors and intervene with access to services, it may be possible to...
Iván Márquez-Rodas, MD, PhD, on Advanced Melanoma: Efficacy of Intratumoral BO-112 With Systemic Pembrolizumab
Iván Márquez-Rodas, MD, PhD, of Spain’s Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, discusses final results of the phase II SPOTLIGHT203 study of systemic pembrolizumab in combination with intratumoral BO-112 for patients with advanced melanoma refractory to anti–PD-1–based therapy. The...
Tina Cascone, MD, PhD, on NSCLC: New Findings From the NeoCOAST Trial on Durvalumab-Based Therapy
Tina Cascone, MD, PhD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses the findings of the phase II NeoCOAST study, which showed that combination immunotherapy with the anti–PD-L1 monoclonal antibody durvalumab and other novel agents resulted in numerically higher major pathologic...
Novel Approach Using Off-the-Shelf Preactivated NK Cells Shows Efficacy in CD-30 Positive Lymphoma
Natural killer (NK) cells derived from donated umbilical cord blood and activated with a novel bispecific antibody known as AFM13 (which targets CD16A and CD30) were shown to be effective in patients with pretreated and refractory CD30-positive lymphoma. The overall response rate was 89% in...
Sotorasib Achieves Durable Responses in KRAS G12C–Mutated Lung Cancer
Sotorasib, the first KRAS G12C inhibitor approved for the treatment of KRAS G12C–mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), continues to demonstrate meaningful and durable efficacy at 2-year follow-up in the phase II CodeBreaK 100 trial. At a median follow-up of 15.3 months, 2-year overall...
Ari M. VanderWalde, MD, MPH, MBioeth, on Melanoma: New Data on Ipilimumab and Nivolumab
Ari M. VanderWalde, MD, MPH, MBioeth, of The West Clinic, discusses results from the S1616 trial involving patients with metastatic or unresectable melanoma who had primary resistance to PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors. Compared with ipilimumab alone, the combination of ipilimumab plus nivolumab benefited ...
Vivek Subbiah, MD, on Designing Clinical Trials for Precision Oncology
Vivek Subbiah, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, talks about innovative design of clinical studies that may help demonstrate clinical benefit in precision medicine and advance treatment to deliver the right intervention to the right patient at the right time (Abstract DC06).
Pediatric Patients With Cancer in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries Faced a Significantly Higher Mortality Risk During the COVID-19 Pandemic
During the first 9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with pediatric cancer from lower- and middle-income countries faced a higher risk of all-cause mortality than those in high-income countries, according to data presented by Elhadi et al at the American Association for Cancer Research...
Patients With Lung Cancer and a Genetic Variant Linked to Autoimmune Disease May Be Especially Responsive to Immunotherapy
A variant of the CTLA-4 gene associated with autoimmune disease was found to be more frequent in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who experienced an exceptionally high response to anti–PD-1 immunotherapy and a higher rate of immune-related side effects than in a comparable cohort of ...
Recurrent Noninvasive Breast Tumors May Not Always Be Related to the Primary Lesion
More than 10% of cases of recurrent ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast were de novo tumors that occurred independently of the primary lesion and had distinct genetic alterations, according to data presented by Kader et al during the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual...
An AI Model May Predict Elevated Pancreatic Cancer Risk Using Electronic Health Records
An artificial intelligence (AI) model trained using sequential health information derived from electronic health records identified a subset of individuals with a 25-fold risk of developing pancreatic cancer within 3 to 36 months, according to results presented by Placido et al at the American...
Deciphering Clinical Outcomes Through Molecular Profiling: The IMmotion151 Trial
Over the past decade, an improved understanding of kidney cancer biology together with the development of novel systemic therapies have substantially improved the outcomes of patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC).1 Following extensive clinical investigations, combinations...
Reflections on the Evolution of Clinical Care Since the Passage of the National Cancer Act of 1971
Recently, I had the honor of coauthoring a chapter with Eric P. Winer, MD, President-Elect of ASCO, on the evolution of clinical cancer care since the enactment of the National Care Act of 1971 for the book A New Deal for Cancer: Lessons From a 50-Year War, by Abbe R. Gluck and Charles S. Fuchs,...
Expert Point of View: Mark E. Robson, MD
“OlympiA is clearly a practice-changing trial, and olaparib should be offered to patients meeting the entry criteria for the study,” said Mark E. Robson, MD, Chief of the Breast Medicine Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York. Dr. Robson was invited to discuss the findings of...
OlympiA Trial: Adjuvant Olaparib Significantly Improves Overall Survival in Germline BRCA-Mutated Breast Cancer
The OlympiA trial of adjuvant olaparib in patients with HER2-negative, high-risk early-stage breast cancer and BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations has now demonstrated a significant overall survival benefit, reducing the risk of death over placebo by 32% and yielding an absolute improvement of 3.8% at 3...
Congress Increases Federal Funding for Cancer Research
President Biden is soon expected to sign into law the Fiscal Year (FY) 2022 omnibus funding bill, which provides funding for all federal agencies through September 30, 2022. The bill was passed by the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate during the week of March 7, 2022. The bill...
Rapid Guideline Revises Recommendations for Adjuvant Therapy in Patients With Early-Stage Lung Cancer
A rapid recommendation update to an ASCO guideline offers revised parameters for adjuvant therapy in patients with resected non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have stage IB to IIIA disease.1,2 The new guidance reflects the findings from two randomized clinical trials that assessed the use of...
