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Showing 5951 - 6000Report Examines Online Learning for Children With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Thousands of schools transitioned to online learning in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, during which time many children with cancer faced significant challenges with their schooling. An opinion paper by Johns Hopkins experts, published by Thornton et al in JAMA Pediatrics, highlights some of the ...
Pembrolizumab in Previously Treated Patients With MSI-H/dMMR Endometrial Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by David M. O’Malley, MD, and colleagues, pembrolizumab showed durable activity in a cohort of patients with microsatellite instability–high or mismatch repair–deficient (MSI-H/dMMR) advanced endometrial cancer enrolled in the multicohort KEYNOTE-158...
Pretreatment Cardiovascular Disease and Events During Follow-up in Patients Receiving Curative-Intent Chemoradiation for Esophageal Cancer
In a Danish single-institution study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Søndergaard et al found a high rate of undetected or inadequately treated preexisting cardiovascular disease prior to the receipt of chemoradiation and a high rate of cardiovascular events during follow-up in patients undergoing ...
Long-Term Swallowing Quality-of-Life Results With Radiotherapy vs Transoral Robotic Surgery for Oropharyngeal Cancer
In a long-term longitudinal analysis of the phase II ORATOR trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Anthony Nichols, MD, and colleagues found that a statistically significant improvement in swallowing quality of life persisted through 3 years after treatment with radiotherapy vs...
PANTHER: No Significant Benefit for Pevonedistat Plus Azacitidine in Higher-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome
The phase III PANTHER trial, which evaluated pevonedistat plus azacitidine vs azacitidine alone in higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and low–blast count acute myeloid leukemia (AML), failed to meet its primary endpoint of event-free survival, though lessons...
Does Early Locoregional Therapy for the Primary Site Improve Survival in Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Breast Cancer?
In the phase III ECOG-ACRIN E2108 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Seema A. Khan, MD, MPH, and colleagues found no difference in overall survival with early locoregional therapy vs continued systemic therapy among women with newly diagnosed stage IV breast cancer and an intact...
Anthracycline Plus Taxane Reduces Risk of Breast Cancer Recurrence at 10 Years
In a large patient-level meta-analysis of 16 trials, presented at the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS),1 the combination of an anthracycline plus a taxane achieved a substantial 15% reduction in breast cancer recurrence at 10 years vs taxane chemotherapy alone, representing an...
Clinical Score May Assist in Guiding Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy Decisions for Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with lutetium-177 (Lu-177) dotatate is a treatment for well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved in 2018, but clinicians have lacked a metric for predicting its benefit on an individual patient basis....
Combination Therapies May Improve Outcomes Due to Independent, Rather Than Synergistic or Additive, Drug Action
Independent drug action—not synergy nor additivity—accounted for the clinical efficacy of nearly all examined combination therapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors in clinical trials, according to results from a retrospective analysis published by Palmer et al in Clinical Cancer Research....
Impact of a Healthy Lifestyle on Risk of Developing Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, or Type 2 Diabetes
In a study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Cao et al found that fulfillment of more components of a healthy lifestyle was associated with a reduced risk of developing cancer in a baseline cancer-free cohort, and a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in both the...
Durvalumab/Tremelimumab Improves Overall Survival vs Sorafenib in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: HIMALAYA
Results from the randomized international phase III HIMALAYA trial showed that a combination of the anti–PD-L1 immunotherapy durvalumab plus the anti–CTLA-4 immunotherapy tremelimumab reduced the risk of death by 22% in patients with stage III or IV unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma compared to ...
Study Finds Direct Oral Anticoagulants Significantly Decrease Recurrent Venous Thrombosis for Adult Patients With Cancer
Direct oral anticoagulants should be considered the standard of care to treat adult patients with cancer-associated thrombosis, according to a new, ongoing study by Mayo Clinic researchers published by Riaz et al in Mayo Clinic Proceedings. The report examined the results of four randomized...
Inotuzumab Ozogamicin for Pediatric Patients With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell ALL
In a phase II trial (Children’s Oncology Group AALL1621) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, O’Brien et al found that inotuzumab ozogamicin produced a high response rate in children and adolescents with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Study Details In the ...
Addition of Nivolumab to Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy for HER2-Negative, Unresectable, Advanced or Recurrent Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
In an Asian phase II/III trial (ATTRACTION-4) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yoon-Koo Kang, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of nivolumab to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy improved progression-free survival—but not overall survival—as first-line treatment of HER2-negative, unresectable, ...
Recent Study Aims to Improve the Quality of Cancer Care in Rural Areas
Despite growing national awareness of health-care inequities, cancer care for many rural Americans remains inadequate. To shed some light on the challenges faced by patients with cancer in rural areas, The ASCO Post spoke with Mary Charlton, PhD, Associate Professor of Epidemiology in the...
Durvalumab Plus Gemcitabine/Cisplatin Improves Survival in Patients With Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: TOPAZ-1
Biliary tract cancer is a rare and often fatal disease comprised primarily of bile duct and gallbladder cancers; it is diagnosed in about 12,000 individuals each year in the United States. The cancer has a 5-year relative survival rate of 25% for localized intrahepatic bile duct cancers and just...
PI3K Pathway Activation May Underlie Tamoxifen-Associated Uterine Cancer
Even though it is infrequent, uterine cancer can develop in patients treated with tamoxifen. A study presented at the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) suggests that the mechanism by which uterine cancers develop is tamoxifen-induced PI3K pathway activation.1 Patients treated with...
Study Finds Guideline-Concordant Cervical Cancer Screening Dropped From 2005 to 2019 Among Women in the United States
Rates of cervical cancer screening have dropped recently in the United States, with screening rates lowest among Asian and Hispanic women, as well as women who live in rural areas, are uninsured, or are sexual minorities, according to findings published by Ryan Suk, PhD, and colleagues in JAMA...
UICC to Launch 3-Year Campaign to Create More Equitable Access to Cancer Services
On February 4, 2022, the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) will launch a new 3-year campaign for World Cancer Day that brings together individuals, organizations, and governments around the world in an effort to create awareness and help close the gap in cancer care. The campaign...
Interferon-Alfa vs Hydroxyurea in Previously Untreated Patients With Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocythemia
In a phase III trial (MPD-RC 112) reported in the journal Blood, John Mascarenhas, MD, and colleagues found no difference in 12-month complete response rates between treatment with pegylated interferon-alfa vs hydroxyurea in previously untreated patients with high-risk polycythemia vera or...
New Study Examines Genetic Effects on Genitourinary Toxicity in Patients With Prostate Cancer
Although radiation can be an effective therapy for prostate cancer, about one in six men will experience more frequent or painful urination as a lingering side effect. These disruptive genitourinary toxicities can occur whether the patient receives conventionally fractionated radiotherapy or...
Durvalumab/Tremelimumab With or Without Radiotherapy in Resistant NSCLC
In a recent phase II clinical trial, the combination of the PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab and the CTLA-4 inhibitor tremelimumab curtailed tumor growth in some patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that was resistant to a single immunotherapy agent. The addition of radiation therapy to the...
Presurgical Chemosensitivity May Play a Role in Informing Postsurgical Treatment for Patients With Gastric Cancer
A study published by Deng et al in JAMA Network Open showed that chemotherapy after surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma was significantly associated with longer survival in patients with chemosensitive disease, but not in those with very sensitive or refractory disease. These findings suggest that...
Association of Genetic Alterations With Disease Characteristics and Response to Treatment in Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Franco et al found that RET and NTRK fusions were common somatic genetic alterations in pediatric patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and were associated with an increased risk of metastasis and poorer treatment outcome. Study ...
RxPONDER Update Explores Benefit of Chemotherapy in Subgroups
Updated results of the SWOG S1007 RxPONDER trial confirmed the key takeaway from the previous analysis: adjuvant chemotherapy benefits premenopausal women but not postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative disease, one to three positive lymph nodes, and a 21-gene Oncotype DX ...
Expert Point of View: Mikkael A. Sekeres, MD
Mikkael A. Sekeres, MD, of Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, called the results of the AGILE study “very promising.” He moderated a press briefing that featured the abstract at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition. “Patients with the...
AGILE Study: Addition of Ivosidenib to Azacitidine Triples Median Overall Survival in Difficult-to-Treat AML Population
In patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with an IDH1 mutation who were ineligible for intensive chemotherapy, the addition of the IDH1 inhibitor ivosidenib to azacitidine significantly improved survival vs azacitidine alone, according to data presented at the 2021 American...
Educational Intervention Increases Knowledge About Prostate Cancer and Intention to Screen Among High-Risk Patients
In a study published by Charnita Zeigler-Johnson, PhD, MPH, and colleagues in the Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, gathering men at high risk for developing prostate cancer for discussion about prostate cancer or other health concerns increased their knowledge about prostate cancer...
New Research Aims to Uncover Cellular Source of Barrett’s Esophagus
Two recent studies correct a long-standing misconception about the origins of Barrett’s esophagus and, in doing so, may point to new avenues of treatment or prevention to lower the risk of esophageal cancer. The first study, published by Singh et al in the journal Gastroenterology, demonstrated...
Antibiotics After Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Lower-Extremity Bone Tumors: Comparison of Two Intravenous Regimens
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, researchers in the Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimens in Tumor Surgery Investigators group found that 5 days vs 1 day of postoperative intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis did not reduce the incidence of surgical site infection and was associated with more...
Paclitaxel/Carboplatin vs Paclitaxel/Ifosfamide in Chemotherapy-Naive Patients With Uterine Carcinosarcoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Powell et al, the phase III NRG Oncology GOG-0261 trial has shown that paclitaxel/carboplatin is noninferior to paclitaxel/ifosfamide in terms of overall survival among chemotherapy-naive patients with uterine carcinosarcoma. Study Details The...
Is the Development of Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events Correlated With Response to Immunotherapy?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the standard of care for many patients with advanced cancers; however, these medications cause cutaneous adverse events in 20% to 40% of all patients who receive them. A study by Tang et al published in JAMA Dermatology indicated that these side effects may...
ASTRO Issues Clinical Guideline on External-Beam Radiation Therapy for Primary Liver Cancers
A clinical guideline from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) provides guidance on the use of radiation therapy to treat adult patients with primary liver cancers using external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Evidence-based recommendations outline indications and optimal EBRT...
Second-Line T-DXd Improves Progression-Free Survival Across HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Subgroups
The antibody-drug conjugate fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) lengthened progression-free survival and improved objective response rate compared to the antibody-drug conjugate ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) after trastuzumab and taxane therapy in women with HER2-positive metastatic breast...
New Study Examines Septic Shock in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies
Research published by Manjappachar et al in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network examined the impact of septic shock on people with hematologic malignancies. They found that the mortality rate was 67.8% at 28 days, and only 19.4% of patients remained alive after 90 days. The...
Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab vs Sunitinib in Previously Untreated Patients With Metastatic RCC: Final Overall Survival Analysis of IMmotion151
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Robert J. Motzer, MD, and colleagues, the final overall survival analysis of the phase III IMmotion151 trial has shown no significant difference for atezolizumab plus bevacizumab vs sunitinib in previously untreated patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma...
Study Uses Data From a Nationally Representative Colonoscopy Registry to Gather Information on Early-Onset Colorectal Precancerous Lesions
In a study published in the journal Gastroenterology, Trivedi et al described an increase in early-onset colorectal cancer and precancerous polyps, based on a large, nationally representative study of patients younger than 50 who underwent colonoscopy. It was the first large-scale study to look at...
Addition of Abiraterone Acetate and Prednisolone With or Without Enzalutamide to ADT in High-Risk Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer
In a meta-analysis of two STAMPEDE platform phase III trials reported in The Lancet, Gerhardt Attard, PhD, and colleagues found that the addition of abiraterone acetate and prednisolone with or without enzalutamide to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) was associated with improved metastasis-free...
Developing a Comprehensive System for Personalized Survivorship-Centered Care Plans
By 2040, the number of cancer survivors in the United States is expected to climb from 17 million today to 26.1 million, with most living 5 years or more after their diagnosis. However, many of these survivors will need ongoing monitoring for treatment-related side effects and cancer recurrence...
EMERALD Trial: Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader as Second- or Third-Line Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer
Use of the first investigational oral selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) elacestrant significantly reduced the risk of death or disease progression and lengthened progression-free survival compared with standard-of-care endocrine therapy with fulvestrant or an aromatase inhibitor in...
Effect of Recent Prior Radiotherapy on Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
In a pooled analysis of individual patient data from trials in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration database reported in JAMA Oncology, Anscher et al found that patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy within 90 days prior to the start of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment were not at...
Response-Adapted Omission of Radiotherapy and Comparison of Consolidation Therapy in Pediatric Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
In analyses from the European EuroNet-PHL-C1 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Mauz-Körholz et al found that radiotherapy could be omitted in pediatric patients with intermediate- or advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma who had adequate response to induction with OEPA (vincristine,...
Single-Cell Transcriptomic and Imaging Atlas of Colorectal Polyps Provides Insights for Cancer Surveillance
A team of researchers has revealed some of the mechanisms by which polyps develop into colorectal cancer, setting the framework for improved surveillance for the disease. Their study, published by Chen et al in the journal Cell, describes findings using a single-cell transcriptomic and imaging...
Does Geography Play a Role in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer in Young Black Men?
Although the incidence and mortality rates in colorectal cancer have dropped by 3.6% each year from 2007 to 2016 for people aged 55 and older—mainly because of increased colorectal cancer screening, advances in therapy, and reductions in smoking—these rates have increased by 2% each year during the ...
Trends in Population-Level Stage Shift and Mortality Among U.S. Patients With NSCLC: 2006–2016
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Raja Flores, MD, and colleagues found that a population-level shift to earlier-stage diagnosis has been accompanied by a reduction in population-level mortality during recent years in U.S. patients with non–small cell lung cancer...
Imaging Biomarker May Help to Risk-Stratify Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
A team of scientists has used artificial intelligence (AI) to identify which patients with certain head and neck cancers may benefit from reducing the intensity of treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Their findings were published by Corredor et al in the Journal of the National...
Portable Prostate Cancer Screening Test May Help Reach Underserved Patients
A portable, rapid prostate cancer screening kit could provide early warning to populations with a higher incidence of prostate cancer and may particularly aid those with limited access to health care. The proof-of-concept test, described by Srinivasan et al in Current Research in Biotechnology, is...
Be Realistic About What Patients Can Expect After Prostate Cancer Treatment
More than 1 in 10 patients with localized prostate cancer experienced treatment-related regret, a study published in JAMA Oncology suggests. And the major driver of that regret seems to be a disconnect between patient expectations and outcomes.1 In an interview with The ASCO Post, the study’s lead...
Disconnect Between Expectations and Outcomes: Major Factor in Treatment-Related Regret Among Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer
“A disconnect between patient expectations and outcomes” is a major contributor to treatment-related regret among patients with localized prostate cancer, according to a study published in JAMA Oncology.1 The disconnect, “both as it relates to treatment efficacy and adverse effects, appears to...
Health-Related Quality of Life With Enzalutamide vs Standard of Care for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: ENZAMET Trial
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Stockler et al, enzalutamide was associated with worsening in several quality-of-life domains—but not in overall health and quality of life—vs standard of care in the phase III ENZAMET trial evaluating the efficacy of the agent for patients with...
