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Showing 2301 - 2350Liquid Biopsy Plus MRI for Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Breast Cancer
Cirmena et al discussed whether using a liquid biopsy test to assess plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) integrity could improve the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting the achievement of complete response among patients with locally advanced breast cancer who had received...
Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy Boosts Pathologic Complete Response Rate for Patients With Resectable NSCLC
Neoadjuvant nivolumab plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy significantly improved pathologic complete response (pCR) rates compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with resectable stage IB to IIIA non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to results of the randomized, phase III, open-label...
Tebentafusp: First Treatment to Improve Overall Survival in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Treatment with tebentafusp, a novel bispecific fusion protein, reduced the risk of death from metastatic uveal melanoma at 14 months by half, compared with available treatments, in a phase III study presented by Piperno-Neumann et al at the virtual American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)...
Unselected Autologous Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy for Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma
Treatment with unselected autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) showed early clinical efficacy among patients with advanced melanoma, according to results presented by Hawkins et al during week 1 of the virtual American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2021 (Abstract ...
Novel Insights in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Highlights From 2020 ASH Meeting
To complement The ASCO Post’s comprehensive coverage of the 2020 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, here are several abstracts selected from the meeting proceedings focusing on novel clinical trial findings in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). For full details of...
Lung Cancers With Rare EGFR Mutations Being Tackled by Novel Agents
Next-generation inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations showed promise in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in early-phase trials presented during the International Association Society for Lung Cancer 2020 World Conference on Lung...
Cardiovascular Concerns With the Use of VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) have proved to be effective drugs in the treatment of many solid tumors. However, their clinical benefit may come at the cost of cardiovascular toxicity if clinicians are not vigilant and proactive. During...
Novel Decision-Making Tool for Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Patients With Prostate Cancer
According to a retrospective study, the combined clinical and cell-cycle risk (CCR) score may be able to accurately predict which patients with intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer will have little additional benefit from androgen-deprivation therapy added to dose-escalated radiotherapy and...
Yoga in Oncologic Care: An Evidence-Based Treatment to Improve Outcomes
The ASCO Post’s Integrative Oncology series is intended to facilitate the availability of evidence-based information on integrative and complementary therapies sometimes used by patients with cancer. Increasingly, patients with cancer desire nonpharmacologic strategies for managing their...
Breast Cancer Screening With Clinical Breast Examination in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Globally, breast cancer surpassed lung cancer as the most common cancer among women, with an estimated 2.3 million cases in 2020.1,2 Approximately 685,000 women will die of breast cancer in 2020 around the world. Approximately 24.5% of all cancers in women are breast cancer, and 15.5% of...
Clinical Breast Examination Screening Results in Lower Stage at Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Reduced Breast Cancer Mortality in India
In an Indian study reported in the British Medical Journal, Indraneel Mittra, MD, PhD, of Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, and colleagues at Tata Memorial Centre found that breast cancer screening with clinical breast examination vs active surveillance resulted in...
Adverse Events in Patients With Melanoma Treated With Ipilimumab: Results of a Toxicity Monitoring Program
In a single-institution study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Menjak et al found that a nurse-led telephone surveillance program for toxicity associated with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma led to earlier identification of toxicities and earlier intervention, with an apparent...
Cardiovascular Disease in Hematologic Malignancies: Who Is at Risk?
Given the improvements in diagnostic strategies, treatment, and supportive care, long-term survival is now an expected outcome for a large majority of patients with hematologic malignancies. Unfortunately, radiation therapy and anthracyclines, which form the backbone of front-line treatment, have...
Risk of Leukemia in Pediatric Patients With Down Syndrome
In a recent study reported by Marlow et al in The Journal of Pediatrics, researchers assessed the risk of leukemia in children with Down syndrome. Their findings pointed to stronger-than-expected associations between Down syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Down syndrome is one of the most...
Oral Azacitidine in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, MD, and colleagues found that oral azacitidine significantly improved red blood cell (RBC) transfusion independence vs placebo in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. An increase in early...
Role of Antibody-Drug Conjugates Across Breast Cancer Subtypes
For the treatment of breast cancer, antibody-drug conjugates are emerging as effective players that could impact all subtypes of this disease, according to Kevin Kalinsky, MD, MS, Director of the Glenn Family Breast Cancer at the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta. In the...
Diet and Exercise Intervention May Increase Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Pediatric Patients With Leukemia
Research published by Orgel et al in the journal Blood Advances showed that restricting calories, reducing fat and sugar intake, and increasing physical activity may boost the effectiveness of chemotherapy for older children and adolescents with leukemia. This intervention, which improved...
Is Tumor Mutational Burden Alone Sufficient to Predict Response to Immunotherapy?
In a letter to the editor published in The New England Journal of Medicine, Benoit Rousseau, MD, and colleagues presented evidence that high tumor mutational burden (TMB) alone is not sufficient to predict improved outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with solid tumors. As...
Image-Guided Percutaneous Thermal Ablation for Advanced Gynecologic Cancers
A study published by Yuan et al in the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology found using percutaneous image-guided needle-based thermal ablation—the precise application of extreme heat or cold to a tumor using sophisticated imaging in a single outpatient session—is a safe and effective...
Gene Sequencing, Esophageal Brushings May Identify Patients With Barrett’s Esophagus at Risk for Cancer Progression
A combination of esophageal brushing and extensive genetic sequencing of the sample collected may detect chromosome alterations in people with Barrett’s esophagus, identifying patients at risk for progressing to esophageal cancer. These findings were published by Douville et al in ...
Improving Survival for Patients With Stage II Pancreatic Cancer: Chemotherapy Followed by Resection
Patients with stage II pancreatic cancer who are treated with chemotherapy followed by resection live nearly twice as long as patients who receive only chemotherapy, according to a recent study published by Amanda K. Arrington, MD, MHM, FACS, and colleagues in the Journal of the American College of ...
Low-Dose Tamoxifen for Reduction of Mammographic Density in Women Undergoing Breast Cancer Screening
In the Swedish phase II KARISMA study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Eriksson et al found noninferior mammographic density reduction and reduced vasomotor symptoms following tamoxifen therapy at 2.5, 5, and 10 mg vs the standard dose of 20 mg among women undergoing breast cancer...
Role of Whole-Genome Sequencing in Identifying Patients With MGUS at Risk of Progression to Multiple Myeloma
A study published by Oben et al in Nature Communications has shown that whole-genome sequencing can help determine which patients with a multiple myeloma precursor condition known as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or smoldering myeloma may be at risk for progression to...
Detection of Emphysema Among Patients With or Without Prior COPD Diagnosis Undergoing Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer
In a prospective cohort study reported in Clinical Imaging, researchers in the International Early Lung Cancer Action Program (I-ELCAP) identified emphysema in nearly one-quarter of patients undergoing baseline low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer. Three-quarters of those...
Addition of Pegaspargase Intensification to Standard Low-Intensity Chemotherapy Backbone in Pediatric Low-Risk B-Cell ALL
In an analysis from the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) AALL0331 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mattano et al found that the addition of pegaspargase intensification did not improve the high rate of continuous complete remission achieved with a standard COG low-intensity...
Mutations in CTCs May Predict Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Various genetic alterations in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were associated with clinical outcomes and resistance to hormone therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, according to research published by Gupta et al in Molecular Cancer Research. Although only a...
Chronic Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated With Adjuvant Immunotherapy for Advanced Melanoma
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Patrinely et al found that chronic immune-related adverse events occurred in a high proportion of patients receiving adjuvant PD-1–targeted therapy for high-risk resected melanoma and frequently persisted even during prolonged follow-up....
Studies Presented at SGO Annual Meeting Examine Racial Health-Care Disparities in Patients With Gynecologic Cancers
Two studies presented at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2021 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer highlighted the importance of addressing racial inequities in gynecologic cancers, including improving minorities’ low participation rates in clinical trials of women’s cancers. Clinical Trial...
Does Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Drink Increase Colorectal Cancer Risk?
Consumption of ultra-processed food and drink could increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. This was the conclusion of a large study published by Romaguera et al in Clinical Nutrition based on questionnaires about food behaviors completed by around 8,000 people in Spain. The study, the...
Despite Access to Clinical Trials, Patients From Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Areas Have Worse Cancer Outcomes
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Joseph A. Unger, PhD, and colleagues, a large retrospective observational study investigating the association between socioeconomic deprivation and outcomes among patients with cancer enrolled in clinical trials has found that compared to patients...
Expert Point of View: Elizabeth Smyth, MD
The overall survival benefit for PD-L1 CPS ≥ 5 tumors in CheckMate 649 is a game-changer. An oxaliplatin doublet plus chemotherapy should become a standard of care for these patients,” according to Elizabeth Smyth, MD, an oncology consultant at Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust in...
An Integrated Framework for Improving Outcomes in Pancreatic Cancer
Drawing on several lines of ongoing research, David A. Tuveson, MD, PhD, has created a theoretical framework to consider while developing clinical trials in pancreatic cancer. In his keynote lecture at the 2020 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer, ...
New Maintenance Therapies in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Aim to End Perpetual Chemotherapy
The advent of effective combination chemotherapies has changed the treatment landscape for metastatic pancreatic cancer, extending median survival and leading to durable responses in a subset of patients. However, perpetual chemotherapy is cumulatively toxic, leading to progressive bone marrow...
In Cholangiocarcinoma, Does Chemotherapy Response Vary According to FGFR2 Status?
With inhibitors of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion and other genetic alterations now in clinical trials for cholangiocarcinoma, there is interest in better understanding what FGFR2 genetic alterations mean for patients. In particular, little is known about the effects of FGFR2...
FGFR2 Inhibitor Infigratinib Active in Chemotherapy-Refractory Cholangiocarcinoma
The novel targeted agent infigratinib (BGJ398) showed clinically meaningful activity against chemotherapy-refractory cholangiocarcinoma in patients with fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR2) fusions and rearrangements. The confirmed overall response rate was 23% (34% confirmed/unconfirmed), the ...
Molecular Testing in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Understanding How, When, and What to Profile
“In line with the emergence of targeted therapies, molecular biomarker testing in metastatic colorectal cancer has evolved over the past decade,” noted Jeanne Tie, MD, MBChB, FRACP, who acknowledged there is confusion about the best ways to use molecular testing in the clinic. Dr. Tie, who is...
Two Studies Validate Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Short-Course Radiotherapy or Long-Term Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
In the treatment of resectable, locally advanced rectal cancer, researchers are trying to identify the most effective chemotherapy regimens, the best radiotherapy approaches, and the optimal sequence of these modalities. Two phase III trials presented during the ASCO20 Virtual Scientific Program...
Expert Point of View: Autumn McRee, MD
DESTINY-CRC01 study discussant, Michael S. Lee, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, called the findings “most promising” for the subsequent anti-HER2 treatment of HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer. The...
Fam-Trastuzumab Deruxtecan-nxki Shows Benefit in Refractory Colorectal Cancer
Having recently gained approval in metastatic breast cancer, fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) is now proving its worth in metastatic colorectal cancer, according to results of the phase II DESTINY-CRC01 study in patients with HER2-positive disease.1 T-DXd is an antibody-drug conjugate...
Adagrasib for Patients With Advanced KRAS G12C–Mutated NSCLC
Treatment with the KRAS G12C inhibitor adagrasib showed clinical activity in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring a KRAS G12C mutation, confirming its role as a therapeutic target. Results from the KRYSTAL-1 trial were reported at the European Lung Cancer Virtual...
Inclusion of Surveillance Ejection Fraction in Predicting Risk of 10-Year Left-Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Survivors of Childhood Cancer
In a Dutch study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Leerink et al found that the addition of ejection fraction measurement at the time of first surveillance echocardiogram improved prediction of 10-year risk of left-ventricular systolic dysfunction vs prediction based on cumulative anthracycline and ...
Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes: Putting the Pieces Together
With the widespread use of multigene panels for germline genetic testing, understanding the cancer risks associated with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (ie, mutations) has become increasingly necessary. To identify which genes are breast cancer susceptibility genes, population studies...
U.S. Population–Based Study of Prevalence of and Risk Associated With Breast Cancer–Predisposition Genes
In a U.S. population–based, case-control study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Chunling Hu, MD, PhD, of the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, and colleagues identified the prevalence of and breast cancer risk associated with germline pathogenic variants in established and...
Cancer Control in Egypt: Investing in Health
Egypt is a country of 1,010,408 km2 located on the northeast corner of Africa with a population exceeding 100 million. In 2018, there were about 134,632 new cancer cases and 89,042 cancer-related deaths in Egypt. Liver and breast cancers are the most common tumors in terms of incidence and...
Female Breast Cancer Surpasses Lung Cancer as the Most Commonly Diagnosed Cancer Worldwide
Cancer ranks as a leading cause of death in every country in the world, and, for the first time, female breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer, overtaking lung cancer, according to a collaborative report from the American Cancer Society (ACS) and the International Agency for Research...
SGO and FWC Issue Joint Statement on the Elimination of HPV
United in their commitment to eliminate human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancer, the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) and the Foundation for Women’s Cancer (FWC) recently endorsed a series of vaccine recommendations. HPV vaccines are among the most effective vaccines available worldwide,...
Gynecologic Oncology Leader Named at New Jersey’s Only NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital (RWJUH) have named James K. Aikins, Jr, MD, FACOG, FACS, Chief of Gynecologic Oncology at Rutgers Cancer Institute and Chief of Gynecologic Oncology Services at RWJUH. He will also serve as Program Director for the...
ITACA Trial: No Survival Benefit for Tailoring Adjuvant Chemotherapy in NSCLC
Tailoring adjuvant chemotherapy based on the expression of two molecular markers did not lead to a survival advantage in patients with completely resected stage II to III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the phase III ITACA trial. This result was presented during the virtual edition of the...
LuPSMA Outperforms Cabazitaxel for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in Phase II Trial
Following disease progression on docetaxel, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radionuclide therapy reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 37% vs cabazitaxel in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in the TheraP phase II trial reported at the 2021...
Cardiovascular Risks Associated With Checkpoint Inhibitors and CAR T-Cell Therapy
In just a few years, immunotherapy has risen to become a pillar of cancer care, leading to significantly improved response rates and even cures in previously intractable diseases. Leveraging the immune system to treat cancer, however, also increases the potential for serious off-target effects....
