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Showing 2151 - 2200AI-Based Breast Cancer Risk Model: Multi-institution Validation
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yala et al found that using the artificial intelligence (AI)-based Mirai model across diverse populations resulted in consistently accurate predictions of breast cancer risk based on screening mammography. Study Details In the study, Mirai...
Evorpacept Alone and Combined With Pembrolizumab or Trastuzumab for Advanced Solid Tumors
In the phase I ASPEN-01 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Nehal Lakhani, MD, and colleagues found evidence of activity of the CD47-blocking protein evorpacept in combination with pembrolizumab or trastuzumab for the treatment of advanced solid tumors. As stated by the investigators, “Both...
Newer Agents on the Horizon for Refractory or Relapsed DLBCL
Although treating patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains challenging, some newer therapies on the horizon offer promise, including bispecific antibodies, anti-CD47 antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy,...
Changes in PSA Screening After 2017 USPSTF Guidance Revision
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Michael S. Leapman, MD, and colleagues found that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer has increased since the 2017 publication of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) draft guidance endorsing individual decision-making for...
Effect of Embedding a Palliative Care Nurse Practitioner in an Oncology Clinic
In a single-center study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, D’Ambruoso et al found that their Integrated Palliative Care and Oncology Program, which included the embedding of a palliative care nurse practitioner (PC-NP) in an oncology clinic, resulted in marked improvements in aspects of palliative ...
Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients Receiving Systemic Therapy for Solid Tumors
In a Dutch study (VOICE) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sjoukje F. Oosting, MD, and colleagues found that the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccine produced adequate antibody responses in a majority of patients receiving chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or chemoimmunotherapy for solid tumors, with...
Development of Phenotypic Spectrum Categorization for Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Kratz et al analyzed data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) TP53 Database to define a phenotypic spectrum categorization for Li-Fraumeni syndrome. As stated by the investigators, “Li-Fraumeni syndrome is a cancer predisposition...
Brain Substructure–Informed Radiotherapy Planning May Improve Neurocognitive Outcomes in Pediatric Patients With Medulloblastoma
In an analysis from the single-institution phase III SJMB03 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Acharya et al found that increasing radiation doses to the corpus callosum, frontal white matter, and hippocampus were associated with neurocognitive impairment in pediatric patients...
STAMPEDE Trial: Quality of Life With Abiraterone vs Docetaxel in Advanced Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
In an analysis from the STAMPEDE trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rush et al found that global quality of life was better with abiraterone acetate vs docetaxel, both given with prednisone/prednisolone and standard-of-care androgen-deprivation therapy, in men with locally advanced ...
Association of KRAS Variants With Outcomes After Curative Resection of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
In a Chinese single-institution cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Zhou et al found that the presence of somatic G12 KRAS variants was associated with poorer overall and disease-free survival in patients who had undergone curative resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Study Details The ...
Treatment Adherence, Toxicity, and Outcomes With Adjuvant Fluoropyrimidine Plus Oxaliplatin in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
In an analysis of data from the International Duration Evaluation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy (IDEA) database reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fontana et al found a greater risk of relapse and cancer-specific mortality after adjuvant fluoropyrimidine/oxaliplatin chemotherapy in patients...
Incidence of Pancreatic Cancer in the United States by Age and Sex, 2000–2018
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA, Gaddam et al found that the incidence of pancreatic cancer has increased in both men and women between 2000 and 2018, with a greater relative increase being observed in younger women. Pancreatic cancer incidence rates per 100,000 population...
Immunogenicity of SARS–CoV-2 Vaccines in Patients With Cancer
In a single-institution prospective cohort study (CANVAX Cohort Study) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Naranbhai and colleagues assessed the immunogenicity of SARS–CoV-2 vaccines in patients with cancer. They found that immunogenicity varied among vaccines and that both antibody...
Novel Drug Combination May Help Children With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Avoid Conventional Chemotherapy
A clinical trial recently published by Kutny et al in JAMA Oncology found that the combination of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide was highly effective in children with standard- and high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Nearly all patients in the trial survived for 2 years...
CheckMate 204: Long-Term Outcomes With Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Active Melanoma Brain Metastases
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Tawbi et al, final results of the phase II CheckMate 204 trial indicate good long-term outcomes with the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab in patients with asymptomatic active melanoma brain metastases, with poorer outcomes observed in those with...
Measurable Residual Disease Dynamics and Extended Follow-up in CLL14 Trial of Venetoclax/Obinutuzumab in Previously Untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
In an analysis of the pivotal CLL14 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Al-Sawaf et al found that venetoclax plus obinutuzumab was associated with higher rates of undetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) and prolonged MRD doubling time vs chlorambucil plus obinutuzumab at 3...
Rituximab Maintenance vs Response-Adapted Postinduction Strategy in Advanced Follicular Lymphoma
In an Italian phase III trial (FOLL12) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Luminari et al found that a response-adapted postinduction strategy resulted in poorer progression-free survival vs standard rituximab maintenance in patients with previously untreated advanced follicular lymphoma...
Effect of National HPV Vaccination Program on the Incidence of Cervical Cancer and Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Young Women in England
As reported in The Lancet by Falcaro et al, a register-based observational study has shown that the England national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine program, initiated in 2008 using a bivalent vaccine (Cervarix; HPV16/18), has been successful in reducing the rates of cervical cancer and grade 3...
NCI-Designated Cancer Center Compliance With CMS Price Transparency Rules
In a cross-sectional analysis reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Chino et al found that a minority of National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer centers (NCI-CCs) were fully compliant with Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) price transparency rules. Study ...
Outcomes and Toxicity With Single-Agent Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment in Patients With Cancer Aged ≥ 80 Years
In a multicenter international retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Nebhan et al found that single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with cancer aged ≥ 80 years appeared to be effective and generally well tolerated. As stated by the investigators, “Geriatric...
CDK4/6 Inhibitors Combined With Fulvestrant for Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: FDA Analysis of Overall Survival
In an exploratory U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pooled analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jennifer J. Gao, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment to fulvestrant resulted in a consistent overall survival benefit vs placebo plus fulvestrant in...
International Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Grading System: Detecting Adverse Outcomes
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Xu et al developed a two-tiered international medullary thyroid carcinoma grading system that identifies high-grade disease associated with poorer outcomes. As stated by the investigators, “Currently, there is no widely accepted...
Health-Related Quality of Life With Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy for Advanced Esophageal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Adenis et al found that health-related quality of life was maintained with both pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in the pivotal phase III KEYNOTE-181 trial, which included patients with advanced esophageal cancer who had received previous...
Adjuvant Gefitinib vs Cisplatin/Vinorelbine for Completely Resected EGFR-Mutant Stage II to IIIA NSCLC
In the Japanese phase III IMPACT trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tada et al found that adjuvant gefitinib did not improve disease-free survival vs cisplatin/vinorelbine in patients with completely resected stage II to IIIA EGFR-mutant non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the...
COVID-19 Sequelae Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in Patients With Cancer
In a retrospective European study reported in The Lancet Oncology, David J. Pinato, PhD, and colleagues found that among patients with cancer who recovered from COVID-19 infection, a substantial proportion have sequelae that can affect survival and oncologic outcomes. Among patients on systemic...
Effect of Geriatric Assessment and Management Recommendations on Adverse Events Related to Cancer Treatment
In a U.S. cluster-randomized trial (GAP70+) reported in The Lancet, Supriya G. Mohile, MD, and colleagues found that geriatric assessment and management recommendations reduced the incidence of grade ≥ 3 toxicity vs usual care among patients aged ≥ 70 years with incurable advanced cancers who were...
NSCLC in the United States: Update on Incidence, Prevalence, and Survival
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Apar Kishor Ganti, MD, MS, and colleagues found that the incidence of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has decreased in the United States in recent years. They also found that prevalence has increased, likely in association with more effective treatment and...
Adjuvant Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Node-Positive Breast Cancer
In a Korean phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Kim et al found that the addition of internal mammary node irradiation to adjuvant regional nodal irradiation did not improve 7-year disease-free survival in women with node-positive breast cancer. In an ad hoc analysis, however, benefit was...
Study Finds Patients Infected With COVID-19 Who Underwent Recent Cancer Treatment Are at Higher Risk of Adverse Outcomes
In a cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Mariana Chavez-MacGregor, MD, MSc, and colleagues found that patients with cancer infected with COVID-19 had poorer outcomes vs patients without cancer if they had received recent cancer treatment. Patients with cancer who had not received recent...
Germline Pathogenic Variants in Cancer Predisposition Genes and Risk for Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yadav et al found that germline pathogenic variants in the cancer predisposition genes ATM, BRCA2, CDH1, CHEK2, and PALB2 were associated with an increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, with no association with BRCA1...
Retrospective Study Examines Real-World Survival in U.S. Women Treated for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Gidwani et al found that among U.S. patients treated for early-stage breast cancer, those who were considered to be unrepresented in clinical trials have significantly poorer survival than those categorized as well represented....
Addition of FDG-PET/CT and Staging Laparoscopy to the Initial Staging of Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
In a Dutch cohort study (PLASTIC) reported in JAMA Surgery, Gertsen et al found that staging laparoscopy provided more diagnostic information resulting in change of treatment intent than F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in patients with...
Role of Age at Smoking Start and Cessation in Risk of Overall Cancer Mortality Among Current Smokers vs Never-Smokers
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Thomson et al found that current smokers had a threefold greater risk of overall cancer mortality between the ages of 25 and 79 years vs never-smokers, with risk being modulated according to age at smoking initiation and age at cessation in ...
Do Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With a Previous Cancer Diagnosis Have High Cure Probabilities?
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Engels et al found that patients with a previous cancer diagnosis who underwent solid organ transplantation had high cancer cure probabilities. Additionally, posttransplantation cancer-specific survival was associated with cancer cure...
Matthew Manning, MD, on Resolving Racial Disparities in the Treatment of Breast and Lung Cancers
Matthew Manning, MD, of Cone Health Cancer Center, discusses findings that showed changes to the way cancer care is delivered may help eliminate racial disparities in survival among patients with early-stage lung and breast cancers. Identifying and addressing obstacles that kept patients from...
Characteristics, Effects, and Outcomes of SARS–CoV-2 Infection in Pediatric Patients With Cancer
In an article published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Emily E. Johnston, MD, MS, and colleagues detailed characteristics, effects on cancer treatment, and outcomes of SARS–CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients with cancer based on data from The Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report...
Primary Transoral Surgery and Reduced-Dose Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for HPV-Positive Locally Advanced Oropharyngeal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Robert L. Ferris, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase II ECOG-ACRIN E3311 trial has shown high progression-free survival rates and good functional outcomes in patients with intermediate-risk human papillomavirus (HPV; p16)-positive locally advanced...
Five-Year Follow-up of Olaparib Maintenance for Newly Diagnosed Patients With Advanced BRCA-Mutant Ovarian Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Susana Banerjee, MBBS, PhD, and colleagues, 5-year follow-up of the pivotal phase III SOLO-1/GOG 3004 trial has shown a median progression-free survival of 56 months with maintenance olaparib following response to platinum-based chemotherapy in newly diagnosed...
Definitive Radiotherapy Without Systemic Therapy for Oligometastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a single-center phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tang et al found that definitive radiotherapy in place of systemic therapy was feasible and effective for the treatment of oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma. As stated by the investigators, “The role of radiotherapy in metastatic ...
Modified FOLFIRINOX vs Cisplatin/Gemcitabine for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer
In the phase II portion of a French phase II/III trial (PRODIGE 38 AMEBICA) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Phelip et al found that modified (m) FOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin, irinotecan, leucovorin, and fluorouracil) did not improve 6-month progression-free survival vs the combination of...
Overall Survival With Laparoscopic vs Open Distal Gastrectomy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
As reported in JAMA Surgery by Huang et al, the Chinese phase III CLASS-01 trial has shown no difference in 5-year overall survival in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic vs open distal gastrectomy. The previously reported primary analysis of the trial showed no ...
Hepatic Arterial Infusion of FOLFOX vs Transarterial Chemoembolization for Unresectable Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Li et al found that hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin; FOLFOX-HAIC) improved overall survival vs transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as first-line treatment for...
Integrated Molecular-Morphologic Risk Predictor for Recurrence of Meningioma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Maas et al developed a novel integrated molecular-morphologic risk classification score that improved prediction of disease recurrence in patients with meningioma. Study Details The study involved DNA methylation, copy-number, and mutation...
Rates of Occult Gastric Carcinoma in Patients With Hereditary Lobular Breast Cancer Due to CDH1 Genetic Variants
In a single-institution prospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Gamble et al found that patients with hereditary lobular breast cancer due to CDH1 variants also had a high prevalence of occult signet ring cell gastric carcinoma. Study Details The study involved 283 patients from 151...
First-Round Results of Prostate Cancer Screening for Men With Pathogenic Variants in Mismatch Repair Genes
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bancroft et al, the first round of prostate cancer screening in the IMPACT study of men with pathogenic variants in mismatch repair genes showed an increased risk of prostate cancer in carriers of MSH2 and MSH6 variants compared with noncarrier controls. As...
Survey of U.S. Oncologists on Genetic Counseling and Testing for Black Women With Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ademuyiwa et al, a survey of U.S. breast oncologists showed that physicians believe that Black women with breast cancer face more barriers to genetic counseling and testing compared to White women with breast cancer. Study Details The study...
Addition of Enasidenib to Azacitidine in Newly Diagnosed IDH2-Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Courtney D. DiNardo, MD, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the phase II portion of a phase Ib/II trial (AG221-AML-005) showed that the addition of the oral mutant IDH2 protein inhibitor enasidenib to azacitidine significantly improved overall response rate ...
Nivolumab for Relapsed Malignant Mesothelioma: Improvements in Progression-Free and Overall Survival
In the phase III CONFIRM trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Dean A. Fennell, FRCP, PhD, and colleagues found that nivolumab improved progression-free and overall survival vs placebo in patients with relapsed malignant mesothelioma. In October 2020, the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab...
Addition of Vincristine, Topotecan, and Cyclophosphamide to Five-Drug Interval-Compressed Chemotherapy for Ewing Sarcoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Leavey et al, the phase III Children’s Oncology Group AEWS1031 trial showed no improvement in event-free or overall survival with the addition of vincristine, topotecan, and cyclophosphamide (VTC) to standard five-drug interval-compressed...
Baseline Health-Related Quality of Life and Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Cancer
In an analysis of SWOG clinical trials reported in JCO Oncology Practice, David Hui, MD, MS, MSc, and colleagues found that better baseline health-related quality of life was associated with better survival outcomes in patients with advanced cancer. Study Details The study involved a review of...
