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Showing 1 - 50Cumulative Incidence of Advanced Breast Cancer in Japanese Women Aged 40 to 49 Years With Addition of Ultrasonography to Mammography Screening
As reported in The Lancet by Harada-Shoji et al, the Japanese J-START trial showed that adjunctive ultrasonography was associated with a reduced cumulative incidence of advanced breast cancer vs mammography alone in screening of asymptomatic women aged 40 to 49 years. Initial reports from the trial ...
Lung Cancer: Variability of Open-Source AI Models in EGFR Mutation Prediction
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Rakaee et al identified the accuracy of open-source artificial intelligence (AI) models in predicting the presence of EGFR mutations in samples from patients with lung adenocarcinoma, including according to ancestral subgroups. Study Details The study included...
KEYNOTE-905: Perioperative Immunotherapy Regimen Active in Cisplatin-Ineligible MIBC
A perioperative regimen of the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin-ejfv plus the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab significantly improved event-free survival, overall survival, and pathologic complete response rates compared to radical cystectomy alone in patients with muscle-invasive bladder...
External Validation Confirms Ability of AI Model to Stratify Recurrence Risk in Early-Stage Lung Cancer
A machine learning–based survival model, incorporating preoperative CT images and routinely available clinical data, outperformed standard clinical staging systems in predicting recurrence after surgery in patients with lung cancer, especially in stage I, and showed correlations with established...
Perioperative Immunotherapy Regimen Improves Outcomes in Cisplatin-Ineligible Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
A perioperative regimen of the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin-ejfv plus the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab significantly improved outcomes vs radical cystectomy alone in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who were ineligible for or declined cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Results...
Perioperative Immunotherapy Regimen Improves Outcomes in Cisplatin-Ineligible Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
A perioperative regimen of the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin-ejfv plus the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab significantly improved outcomes vs radical cystectomy alone in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who were ineligible for or declined cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Results...
New Guideline Reflects the Latest Evidence in Support of Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy for Patients With Breast Cancer
A joint task force composed of experts from the American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO), ASCO, and the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) has released new guidance for postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) for patients with breast cancer.1 This guideline—which is intended to replace the...
Thyroidectomy Without Postoperative Radioiodine Ablation in Low-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
In a UK phase III trial (IoN) reported in The Lancet, Mallick et al compared survival outcomes among patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer who underwent thyroidectomy with no postoperative radioiodine ablation vs thyroidectomy plus ablation. Study Details In the multicenter...
New Research Offers Reassurance About Localized Prostate Cancer Prognosis
A recent study out of Sweden found that people diagnosed with nonmetastatic low-risk prostate cancer later in life were 90% more likely to survive their cancer for their remaining life expectancy if they were treated according to NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines). Of...
FAPI PET/CT May Improve Staging in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer
Researchers have found that fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) may offer more accurate staging in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer than fluorine (F)-18–labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT, according to new findings ...
Rate of Second Primary Lung Cancers With Lobar vs Sublobar Resection of T1aN0 NSCLC
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Thomas E. Stinchcombe, MD, and colleagues, an analysis from the phase III Cancer and Leukemia Group B 140503/Alliance trial has shown high rates of second primary lung cancers with both sublobar and lobar resections for T1aN0 non–small cell lung...
Ilias Houda, MD, PhD Candidate, on Results of an EORTC Survey on NSCLC Resectability
Ilias Houda, MD, PhD Candidate, of Amsterdam University Medical Centers, discusses the differing opinions of thoracic surgeons when it comes to resection for stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The international EORTC survey showed there is no consensus, although respondents were more...
Association of Pathologic Lymph Node Regression After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Outcomes in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
In a UK study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Moore et al found that increased pathologic lymph node regression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with better outcomes in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Study Details The study involved patients treated with neoadjuvant...
PET/CT-FDG vs Conventional Staging in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
In a Canadian study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dayes et al found that positron-emission tomography/computed tomography–fluorodeoxyglucose (PET/CT-FDG) improved the detection of distant metastasis vs conventional staging in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. It also...
Outcomes After Minimally Invasive vs Open Surgery for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
In a Belgian single-institution retrospective study reported in JAMA Network Open, Topal et al found that minimally invasive pancreatic surgery (MIPS) was associated with better overall survival and disease-free survival vs open pancreatic surgery (OPS) for borderline resectable or resectable...
American Cancer Society Investigators Present Studies on COVID-19 Pandemic, Racial/Ethnic Disparities, and Coverage for Genomic Testing
Investigators at the American Cancer Society presented results of several studies during poster sessions at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting. Summaries of a few of these studies are provided here. COVID-19 and Cancer Mortality According to a new study led by researchers at the American Cancer Society,...
Study Reveals Racial Disparities in Guideline-Concordant Care for Patients With Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
In a large national study, Black patients diagnosed with early-onset colorectal cancer received worse and less timely care than their White counterparts. Differences in health insurance coverage type, a modifiable factor, according to the findings, accounted for the largest identified contributor...
Study Finds Screen-Detected Colorectal Cancers May Have More Favorable Stage Distribution Than Colorectal Cancers Detected Otherwise
In a population-based study conducted in nine European countries for which data on mode of detection were available (Belgium, Denmark, England, France, Italy, Ireland, the Netherlands, Slovenia, and Spain), the proportion of colorectal cancer cases detected by screening varied widely between...
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Resected Stage IIB or IIC Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet by Luke et al, the phase III KEYNOTE-716 trial has shown significantly prolonged recurrence-free survival with adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with high-risk completely resected stage IIB/IIC melanoma at both first and second interim analyses. The first...
Tumor Budding May Provide Independent Prognostic Value for Disease-Free and Overall Survival in Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer
Tumor budding is an emerging prognostic biomarker in colon cancer and currently influences decision-making in patients with pT1 and stage II colon cancer. In stage III colon cancer, its prognostic impact has been limited to small and retrospective cohorts. In a post hoc analysis of the IDEA-France...
Characteristics of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease–Related HCC vs HCC From Other Causes
In a meta-analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tan et al found that patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were more likely to have metabolic/cardiovascular comorbidity, less likely to have cirrhosis, and less likely to undergo...
Overall Survival With Laparoscopic vs Open Distal Gastrectomy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
As reported in JAMA Surgery by Huang et al, the Chinese phase III CLASS-01 trial has shown no difference in 5-year overall survival in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic vs open distal gastrectomy. The previously reported primary analysis of the trial showed no ...
Global Analysis of National Health System Characteristics and Breast Cancer Mortality and Stage at Diagnosis
In a global population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Duggan et al identified national health system characteristics associated with reduced breast cancer mortality, including higher Universal Health Coverage Service Coverage Index (UHC Index) rating and increased number of public...
Molecular Imaging May Improve the Staging and Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
For patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, molecular imaging may improve staging and clinical management of the disease, according to research published by Röhrich et al in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine. In a retrospective study of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, the...
Addition of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy to Surgery and Adjuvant S-1 in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
In the Korean phase III PRODIGY trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yoon-Koo Kang, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (DOS) to D2 gastrectomy followed by adjuvant S-1 was associated with improved progression-free survival in...
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Current Status and Future Directions
Although head and neck cancers include multiple histologies and primary sites, squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) originating in the oropharynx, oral cavity, larynx, or hypopharynx are the most common. Today, we recognize several different types of head and neck diseases, primarily those that are human ...
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Current Status and Future Directions
Although head and neck cancers include multiple histologies and primary sites, squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) originating in the oropharynx, oral cavity, larynx, or hypopharynx are the most common. Today, we recognize different types of head and neck cancers, primarily those that are human...
Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab in Lung Cancer: LCMC3 Trial Meets Primary Endpoint
Neoadjuvant treatment with single-agent atezolizumab in patients with stage IB to IIIB lung cancer resulted in a major pathologic response rate of 21% and a pathologic complete response rate of 7%, in the primary analysis of the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium 3 (LCMC3) study.1 The findings were...
Romain Cohen, MD, PhD, on Colon Cancer: Prognostic Value of Tumor Deposits
Romain Cohen, MD, PhD, of the Mayo Clinic and Sorbonne University, discusses a post-hoc analysis of phase III results from the CALGB/SWOG 80702 study, which showed that adding the number of tumor deposits, a negative prognostic factor, to the count of lymph node metastases may improve the accuracy...
ESMO Asia 2020: Performance of Immunoscore in Asian Patients With Early-Stage Colon Cancer
The Immunoscore assay can assess the risk of disease recurrence in Asian patients with early-stage colon cancer and may be used together with TNM classification to guide clinical decision-making, according to findings presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Asia Virtual...
Trends and Outcomes Among Hispanic Women of Different Races With Breast Cancer
In a National Cancer Database analysis reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Champion et al identified patterns in disease characteristics, time to surgery, and overall survival among Hispanic patients of different races and among Hispanic and non-Hispanic women of the same race. Study Details The...
Prognostic Impact of Tumor Deposits in Patients Receiving Adjuvant Therapy for Stage III Colon Cancer
In a post hoc analysis of the phase III IDEA France trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Delattre et al found that the presence of tumor deposits was associated with poorer prognosis in patients with stage III colon cancer receiving 3 or 6 months of adjuvant FOLFOX (fluorouracil,...
Hey Siri, Should I Get a Medical Degree?
I received a coffee mug from a physician colleague some years ago with the tag line: “Please do not confuse your Google search with my Medical Degree.” Physicians of all stripes and colors can relate to the agony of debunking a “Dr. Google” diagnosis. However, in a fast-evolving health-care...
Eighth Edition of the AJCC Staging Manual Offers a More Personalized Approach to Patient Classification
This year marks the 60th anniversary of the creation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), whose founding mission was to standardize the anatomic staging of cancer based on the size of a tumor and any spread to nearby tissue (T); the spread of the cancer to nearby lymph nodes (N); and...
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: 2019 Updates
In 1996, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®) published its first set of Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®), covering eight tumor types. NCCN Guidelines are now published for more than 70 tumor types and topics. Some of the key updates for 2019 were presented...
Breast Cancer Surgical Terminology Should Be Updated to Reflect Modern Medical Practice
BREAST CANCER is a microscopic disease, with most patients presenting with “localized” stage I to III disease, for which they are offered curative-intent surgery often accompanied by radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. More accurately, we now know that patients with localized...
Preventing Locoregional Recurrence of Breast Cancer Should Not Deter Efforts to Decelerate Therapy
“SURGEONS AND radiation oncologists are obsessed with locoregional recurrence of breast cancer,” Monica Morrow, MD, FASCO, remarked at the 2018 Lynn Sage Breast Cancer Symposium, Chicago. Working to prevent locoregional recurrence, “even if it may not be the major threat to mortality, is...
CONVERT Trial: Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy to Treat Elderly Patients With Limited-Stage SCLC
Elderly patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) showed similar survival and toxicity compared to younger patients when treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. These study findings were published by Christodoulou et al in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology. SCLC constitutes ...
Assessment of the 8th Edition of the AJCC TNM Staging System in Cohort With Resected Pancreatic Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, van Roessel et al found that the recently released 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system for pancreatic cancer provided better distribution among cases and some increase in prognostic...
MUC16 Mutation, Tumor Mutation Load, and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Li et al found that MUC16 mutation was associated with increased tumor mutation load and improved prognosis in gastric cancer. The study involved analysis of genomic data from 437 gastric cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; discovery set) and...
AJCC Breast Cancer Staging System More Clinically Relevant
THE RECENTLY issued 8th revision to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Breast Cancer Staging System incorporates tumor biology and prognostic stage groups and thus has become more accurate and clinically relevant, according to two speakers at the 2018 Miami Breast Cancer Conference.1,2...
Validation of the Consensus Immunoscore for Classification of Colon Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by Pagès et al, an international collaboration has validated the consensus Immunoscore for colon cancer as a predictive tool for recurrence of disease. Study Details An international consortium of 14 centers in 13 countries, led by the Society for Immunotherapy of ...
Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, MD, on Breast Cancer Staging: New and Important Changes
Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses the 8th edition of the TNM staging system, which includes prognostic stage groups based on clinical and pathologic factors combined with grade and hormone and HER2 status.
Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes and Survival in Hypopharyngeal/Laryngeal Cancer
A study using National Cancer Database data has shown that the number of metastatic nodes is a primary independent factor associated with an increased mortality risk in patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers. The study was reported in JAMA Oncology by Allen S. Ho, MD, of the Samuel...
Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes and Survival in Hypopharyngeal/Laryngeal Cancer
A study using National Cancer Database data has shown that the number of metastatic nodes is a primary independent factor associated with an increased mortality risk in patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers. The study was reported in JAMA Oncology by Ho et al. Study Details The study ...
Melanoma Mutations: What You Need to Know
CLINICIANS ARE now well acquainted with BRAF mutations in advanced melanoma, but there is more to genomics in this disease than identifying BRAF and prescribing a BRAF inhibitor. At the 2017 Debates and Didactics Conference, held at Sea Island, Georgia, Melinda L. Yushak, MD, MPH, of Emory...
IASLC 2017: Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Survival Rates Higher Among Patients Treated at Academic Centers
As non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survival rates have increased over time, new research sheds light on how NSCLC outcomes are significantly influenced by the type of treatment facility where patients undergo care. Bhagirathbhai Dholaria, MD, of the Moffitt Cancer Center, presented these...
Expert Point of View: Kelly M. McMasters, MD, PhD
“More and more, we are finding that traditional anatomic TNM staging has significant limitations in predicting prognosis, especially in such cases where response to therapy is an important consideration,” commented session moderator Kelly M. McMasters, MD, PhD, a surgical oncologist at the...
New Lung Cancer Staging Manual Set to Modify Clinical Practice
A revised tumor classification based on 70,967 evaluable patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 6,189 patients with small cell lung cancer is now available to lung cancer specialists around the world in the form of the 8th edition of the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM)...
WCLC 2016: New Lung Cancer Tumor Staging Manual to Shape Clinical Treatment
A revised tumor classification based on more than 70,000 non–small cell lung cancer patients and 6,100 small cell lung cancer patients is now available to lung cancer specialists around the world in the form of the 8th edition of the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) classification. The...
