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Showing 7901 - 7950Association Between Postdischarge Bleeding in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome and Subsequent Cancer Diagnosis
Bleeding during the first 6 months after discharge from the hospital for acute coronary syndrome may be linked to subsequent cancer diagnosis, according to research presented by Muñoz Pousa et al at the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2019 (Abstract P677). “Our results suggest that patients ...
ASCO Expands Therapeutic Options for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Patients With Cancer
ASCO has updated its recommendations for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer. “The recommendations were last updated in 2015, but since then, new, significant publications have emerged, which prompted this update,” said Nigel S. Key, MBChB, of the...
Is It Time to Intervene in Smoldering Myeloma?
Early intervention in smoldering multiple myeloma prevents progression to symptomatic disease and should be strongly considered for patients meeting new criteria for high risk, according to Sagar Lonial, MD, Professor and Chair of Hematology and Medical Oncology and the Anne and Bernard Gray...
2019 Quality Care: End-of-Life Care in Western Washington State vs Alberta, Canada
In a study to be presented by Khaki et al at the 2019 ASCO Quality Care Symposium, researchers found more aggressive end-of-life measures—including use of chemotherapy and admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU)—were employed in the last 30 days of life in Western Washington state vs Alberta,...
2019 Quality Care: Cost of Treatment, Prior Authorization of Treatment Plans May Cause Barriers to Care
Drug costs and requirements for prior authorization of treatment plans pose barriers to cancer treatment and can potentially affect outcomes for many patients, according to two studies that will be presented at the ASCO Quality Care Symposium. The studies respectively examine how the high...
2019 Quality Care: Clinical Trial Enrollment May Be Associated With Reduced Mortality in Patients With Metastatic Lung Cancer
Researchers from the University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle investigated the relationship between participation in a clinical trial and overall survival in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cristina Merkhofer, MD, MHS, will present...
TITAN Trial: Apalutamide Adds to Options for Men With Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Androgen-deprivation therapy has been, and remains, the standard of care for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Patients are often surprised to know that was all we would do to control their disease and sometimes asked why they would not get chemotherapy, as for other cancers. I would take...
FDA Recommendation on Duodenoscopes With Disposable Components
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended that duodenoscope manufacturers and health-care facilities transition to different types of duodenoscopes that may pose less risk to patient safety. Specifically, because of challenges with cleaning these devices for reuse and persistent...
Study Explores Efficacy of Lower-Dose Olanzapine in Combination With Standard Antiemetic Regimen
Olanzapine at a 5-mg dose, when combined with aprepitant, palonosetron, and dexamethasone, significantly reduced the risk of delayed nausea and vomiting in patients receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy, according to new research. The study investigators believe this approach may be considered a...
What Role Do Physicians Play in Health Promotion Among Patients With Cancer?
A recent study published by Stump et al in Cancer indicated that certain physicians who care for patients with cancer do not often promote healthy lifestyle changes to cancer survivors, and they may fear that providing such advice would distress or overwhelm patients. The findings are noteworthy...
Key Predictors of Response Rates to PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor Therapy Across Cancer Types
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Lee and Ruppin found that CD8-positive T-cell abundance, tumor mutational burden, and high PD1 gene expression were the strongest predictors of response to anti–programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) treatment across cancer...
Pyrotinib or Lapatinib With Capecitabine in Previously Treated HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
In a Chinese phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ma et al, the combination of the pan-ErbB inhibitor pyrotinib and capecitabine improved response rate vs lapatinib/capecitabine in women with HER2-positive relapsed or metastatic breast cancer previously treated with...
Many Choices Now for Men With Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: How to Decide?
Based on the recently published ENZAMET, ARCHES, and TITAN trials,1-3 we now have several choices of systemic combination therapies for men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer; the ENZAMET trial is reviewed in this issue of The ASCO Post. In 2019, men are now faced with decisions of...
Text Instructions and Reminders May Improve Colonoscopy Adherence Rates
Having text message conversations with patients 1 week before they are scheduled for a colonoscopy decreased “no-show” rates, according to a recent study published by Mahmud et al in Health Education & Behavior. Through sending reminders and instruction, the team increased the rate of...
Exposure to Secondhand E-Cigarette Aerosols Increasing Among Middle and High School Students
A growing number of middle and high school students are being exposed to secondhand aerosols from electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) by living with or being around individuals who are vaping, according to data from a national survey. Such exposure increased rapidly in 2018 compared to the years...
High-Deductible Health Plans, Access to Care, and Emergency Department Use Among Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Zheng et al found that patients with cancer and high-deductible health plans had increases in delayed/forgone care, an effect that was attenuated for those with health savings accounts. Emergency department use was similar across insurance...
Role of the YAP Regulatory Network in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Researchers have decoded a chain of molecules that are critical for the growth and survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. They say their findings, published by Murakami et al in Developmental Cell, suggest that inhibiting the YAP biologic network may effectively regress early-stage...
FDA Issues Draft Guidance Encouraging Inclusion of Male Patients in Breast Cancer Clinical Trials
A draft guidance issued by the U.S. Food Drug Administration (FDA) on August 26 includes draft recommendations for the inclusion of male patients in breast cancer clinical trials. Historically, males either have not been included in clinical trials for drugs to treat breast cancer, or inclusion of...
Prognostic Tool for Advanced, Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors Treated With a Somatostatin Analog
In the GETNE-TRASGU study (Spanish Group of Neuroendocrine and Endocrine Tumors Treated With Analog of Somatostatin in Gastroenteropancreatic and Unknown Primary NETs) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Carmona-Bayonas et al developed a predictive model for progression-free survival in...
Selinexor/Dexamethasone in Triple-Class Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In the phase IIb STORM Part 2 study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Chari et al found that the combination of oral selinexor and dexamethasone produced responses in patients with multiple myeloma refractory to prior treatment with an alkylating agent, immunomodulatory agent, and...
FDA Clears Next-Generation Scalp-Cooling Device
ON JUNE 27, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted clearance of the DigniCap Delta scalp-cooling system to Dignitana, for use by health-care providers in the United States. The device is a fourth generation of the DigniCap scalp-cooling system. It is indicated to reduce the...
Some Practices May Not Be Subject to USP and Standards
ASCO recently received clarification from the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) around the newly revised USP General Chapter <797> Pharmaceutical Compounding Standards–Sterile Preparations and USP General Chapter <800> Hazardous Drugs–Handling in Health-Care Settings, which become...
Looking at Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality by Gleason Score and Race
Black men suffer disproportionately from prostate cancer, both in terms of incidence and mortality, compared with their white counterparts. However, a newer study conducted by investigators at the University of California, San Francisco, and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, found that black...
Darolutamide for Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
On July 30, 2019, darolutamide was approved for the treatment of patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.1,2 Approval was based on findings in the double-blind phase III ARAMIS trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02200614), in which 1,509 patients were randomly assigned ...
Tumor Size and Grade Matter, and Ovarian Ablation by Chemotherapy May Explain Subgroup Anomaly in TAILORx
At the 2019 ASCO Annual Meeting, and simultaneously in The New England Journal of Medicine, we heard the third paper reporting results from TAILORx.1,2 The first, in 2015,3 indicated that women with node-negative breast cancers with Oncotype DX recurrence scores less than 11 did extremely well...
Can Some Women With HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Forgo Surgery?
Breast cancer researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, are beginning to select patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who might forgo surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. While this fine-tuning is currently intended to inform clinical trials—in particular, to ...
Virtual Reality May Improve Pain, Vision, Functioning in Patients With Cancer
Virtual reality can be used to improve functioning in patients with cancer, according to David Rhew, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Vice President and General Manager of Enterprise Healthcare, Samsung Electronics America. Research has shown that this technology can decrease pain and improve vision, as...
Polypharmacy Associated With Functional Decline in Older Patients With Advanced Cancer
Polypharmacy (ie, the concurrent use of eight or more medications) and potentially inappropriate medications may be associated with functional impairment in older adults with advanced cancer, according to research presented by Mostafa Mohamed, MBBCh, at the Multinational Association of Supportive...
FDA Clears Next-Generation Scalp-Cooling Device
ON JUNE 27, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted clearance of the DigniCap Delta scalp-cooling system to Dignitana, for use by health-care providers in the United States. The device is a fourth generation of the DigniCap scalp-cooling system. It is indicated to reduce the...
FDA Approves Pexidartinib for Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor
ON AUGUST 2, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval to pexidartinib (Turalio) capsules for the treatment of adult patients with symptomatic tenosynovial giant cell tumor associated with severe morbidity or functional limitations and not responsive to improvement with surgery. ...
Opioids for Cancer Pain: A Review of the Evidence and Current Challenges
In the wake of the opioid crisis in the United States, patients with cancer pain are often undeservedly confronted with rigid barriers to receiving the opioids they need. To compound this problem, the research around opioids in cancer pain has been limited—placebo-controlled trials are lacking,...
Optimal First-Line Therapy for Stage IV Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Immunotherapy Alone or With Chemotherapy?
Recent studies in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have shown benefit for combining checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy. Should combinations, therefore, be the first choice for treating patients with newly diagnosed stage IV disease? Two lung cancer experts debated this point at the 2019...
All Oncologists Are Geriatric Oncologists...They Just Don’t Know It Yet
You don’t have to be a geriatrician to properly evaluate and manage older patients with cancer. The wave of older patients with cancer predicted over 30 years ago is now fully upon us. The oncology community finds itself ill-prepared to manage the increased number of older patients. It is not just...
Expert Point of View: Thomas Paul Slavin, Jr, MD
Thomas Paul Slavin, Jr, MD, of City of Hope National Medical Center, where he is Assistant Clinical Professor in the Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics, and a Program Member of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, commented on these substudy findings. The...
Exploratory Analysis Shows DNA Methylation Assay Highly Specific for Cancer Detection
A cell-free DNA test based on the presence of DNA methylation has proven highly specific as a multicancer detection test and appears especially good at detecting high-risk malignancies. In most cases, it can also accurately pinpoint the tumor’s tissue of origin, researchers reported at the 2019...
What Causes Liver Injury During Treatment With Pembrolizumab
Immunotherapy as a treatment for advanced solid cancers has rapidly evolved over the past decade—often yielding remarkable results. However, its use has also given way to new adverse effects, including drug-induced gastrointestinal and liver toxicities. “Checkpoint inhibitors are a game changer...
Long-Term Follow-up of Patients With Melanoma, Kidney Cancer, and Lung Cancer Receiving Nivolumab
As reported by Suzanne L. Topalian, MD, and colleagues in JAMA Oncology, long-term follow up of patients from a phase I expansion cohort study indicated 5-year overall survival rates of 34.2%, 27.7%, and 15.6% among patients who received nivolumab monotherapy for advanced melanoma, renal cell...
Healthy Lifestyle for Young Adult Cancer Survivors
GUEST EDITOR Integrative Oncology is guest edited by Jun J. Mao, MD, MSCE, Laurance S. Rockefeller Chair in Integrative Medicine and Chief of Integrative Medicine Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York. The survival rates of adolescent and young adults with cancer have risen ...
Almost 20 Years Later, Breast Fitness Is More Relevant Than Ever
BOOKMARK Title: Breast Fitness: An Optimal Exercise and Health Plan for Reducing Your Risk of Breast CancerAuthors: Anne McTiernan, MD, PhD; Julie Gralow, MD; and Lisa TalbottPublisher: St. Martin’s PressPublication Date: October 2000 (first edition)Price: $48.75, hardcover, 352 pages The...
Oral Antibiotics and Risk of Colon or Rectal Cancer
In an extensive data mining analysis of British medical records, researchers found that taking even a single course of antibiotics might boost—albeit slightly—the risk of developing colon cancer, but not rectal cancer, a decade later. The findings, reported by Zhang et al in Gut,...
Impact of Genes on Total Number and Type of Nevi
A study by Duffy et al in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology reported on specific gene variations affecting the number and types of moles on the body and their role in causing skin cancer. “The goal was to investigate the genetic underpinnings of different mole classes, or...
What Causes Liver Injury During Treatment With Pembrolizumab
Immunotherapy as a treatment for advanced solid cancers has rapidly evolved over the past decade—often yielding remarkable results. However, its use has also given way to new adverse effects, including drug-induced gastrointestinal and liver toxicities. “Checkpoint inhibitors are a game changer...
Atezolizumab Plus Chemotherapy and Bevacizumab in First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Lung Cancer
In late 2018, atezolizumab was approved for use in combination with bevacizumab, paclitaxel, and carboplatin for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with no EGFR or ALK genomic tumor aberration.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was ...
Should You Become an Expert Witness in a Legal Proceeding? Here Are the Pros and Cons
Hundreds of oncologists are working “side gigs” as expert witnesses in a wide range of medicolegal settings. With increasing conflict related to liability and insurance coverage, the demand continues to grow for objective physicians who are not involved in a specific case, have no personal...
Racial Reporting and Representation in Oncology Trials
New research published by Loree et al in JAMA Oncology found that race and race subgroup analysis reporting does not occur frequently and that black and Hispanic populations are underrepresented in oncology trials that have led to U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals. The study raises...
Total Cumulative Chemotherapy Dose and Survival in Breast Cancer
Physicians should attempt to maintain full doses of chemotherapy, especially early in the course of treatment, for patients with intermediate- or high-risk breast cancer, according to research published by Veitch et al in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. The...
Adavosertib Plus Gemcitabine and Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
In a phase I dose-escalation trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cuneo et al established the phase II dose of the Wee1 kinase inhibitor adavosertib in combination with gemcitabine and radiotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Wee1 inhibition impedes DNA damage response and ...
Risk of Cardiovascular Adverse Events in Patients With Melanoma Treated With Combined BRAF and MEK Inhibition vs BRAF Inhibition Alone
In a meta-analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Mincu et al found that the risk of some types of cardiovascular adverse events was higher with combined BRAF and MEK inhibitor treatment vs BRAF inhibitor monotherapy in patients with melanoma. The meta-analysis included 2,317 patients in five...
Relationship Between Sleep Apnea and Cancer Risk in Women
Women with severe sleep apnea appear to also have an elevated risk of developing cancer, according to findings from a study by Pataka et al in the European Respiratory Journal. No causal relationship was demonstrated, but a link between nocturnal hypoxia in women and higher cancer risk was...
NCORP Expands to More Sites
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has awarded 53 grants to researchers in the NCI Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) to conduct multisite cancer clinical trials and cancer care delivery studies in their communities. In addition to seven research hubs, these NCI grants went to 32...
