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Showing 401 - 450LIBRETTO-431 Trial Shows Selpercatinib Is Effective in East Asian Patients With RET Fusion–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
A subgroup analysis of data from the LIBRETTO-431 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04194944) showed that the selective RET inhibitor selpercatinib safely improved progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab in East Asian patients diagnosed with RET fusion–positive...
Detecting Residual Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Although esophageal cancer in the United States is relatively rare, affecting about 22,400 people each year and making up about 1% of all cancer cases,1 the disease is common in East and Central Asia countries. Nearly 90% of patients with esophageal cancer in Asia are diagnosed with the squamous...
New Modeling Data Show Effective Detection and Health-Care Savings Associated With the Multitarget Stool DNA Test
New modeling data have been released that describe the projected impact of the first and only multitarget stool DNA test (marketed as Cologuard) on patients, health-care professionals, and the U.S. health-care system since its U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval 10 years ago. About the ...
Gift of Truth: Reflections on a Father’s Cancer Journey
It was a hot and humid Tuesday in July, and I distinctly remember being grateful for the air conditioning in the pastel-shaded waiting room of the oncology outpatient clinic. My father sat silently beside me. We knew this room well, as we did the doctor we had arrived to see. He had been my...
Age Is Just a Number: Treatment Considerations for Endometrial Cancer in Older Women
Endometrial cancer is most frequently diagnosed among women aged 55 to 65, with a median age at diagnosis of 64 years.1 In epidemiologic studies, women diagnosed with endometrial cancer at an older age are more likely to have high-grade disease, aggressive histology, deep myometrial invasion, lower ...
Breast Cancer Index Confirmed as Prognostic in a SOFT Trial–Derived Population
A prospective-retrospective translational study reported in JAMA Oncology by Ruth M. O’Regan, MD, and colleagues confirmed the prognostic value of the Breast Cancer Index (BCI) in a Suppression of Ovarian Function Trial (SOFT) trial–derived population of premenopausal women with early-stage,...
Patients With Rare Cancers May Face Increased Risk of Anxiety and Depression
The risk of developing mental health issues may be higher among patients who have rare cancers compared with those who have common cancers, according to a recent study published by Low et al in eClinicalMedicine. Background Rare cancers—those affecting fewer than 6 out of 100,000 individuals per...
Long-Term Look at Selpercatinib in RET-Activated Thyroid Cancer
In an analysis of the phase I/II LIBRETTO-001 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lori J. Wirth, MD, and colleagues provided the long-term outcomes of selpercatinib treatment among patients with RET-activated thyroid cancer. Study Details The analysis included patients with...
Causal Attribution of HPV Genotypes to Invasive Cervical Cancer
In a systemic analysis of global literature reported in The Lancet, Wei et al estimated the proportion of invasive cervical cancer cases caused by specific human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes. Study Details A literature search through February 2024 was performed to identify studies reporting HPV...
What Is the Optimal First-Line Therapy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia?
Is the optimal first-line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) monotherapy with a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor or some combination regimen? This clinical question was explored by two speakers at the 2024 Pan Pacific Lymphoma Conference, sponsored by the University of...
FDA OCE Invites Pediatric Cancer Advocates to Meet on October 15
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Oncology Center of Excellence (OCE) Pediatric Oncology Program invites members of the pediatric cancer advocacy community to participate in the 2024 OCE Pediatric Advocacy Forum on October 15. The purpose of this event is to strengthen collaboration and...
High-Risk Localized HCC: Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy vs Upfront Surgery
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of primary liver cancer, accounting for about 80% of all primary liver cancers in the United States, and is currently the sixth most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Although immunotherapy is now a mainstay for ...
Risk of Suicidal Behavior Among Spouses of Patients With Cancer
The risk of suicidal behavior may be increased among the spouses of patients with cancer, according to a retrospective Danish population-based cohort study reported by Liu et al in JAMA Oncology. Clinical and societal awareness was thus deemed essential, particularly during the first year after...
Cancer Mortality Among Adults With Learning Disabilities
Investigators have found that adults with learning disabilities may be more likely to die from cancer compared with those in the general population, according to a recent study published by Ward et al in BMJ Open. Background Many cancers are considered either preventable or treatable. However,...
FDA Approves Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant Durvalumab for Resectable NSCLC
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab (Imfinzi) with platinum-containing chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment followed by single-agent durvalumab as adjuvant treatment after surgery for adults with resectable (tumors ≥ 4 cm and/or node positive)...
Mouthwash-Based Test May Help Predict Head and Neck Cancer Recurrence
Researchers have examined whether a mouthwash-based test could detect biomarkers to help physicians predict disease recurrence in patients with head and neck cancer, according to a recent study published by Franzmann et al in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery. Background Head and neck...
Are Some Uterine Tumors More Aggressive in Black Patients?
Researchers have discovered that uterine serous carcinoma tumors in Black patients tend to express more aggressive and immunosuppressive features than tumors in White patients, according to a recent study published by Foley et al in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Uterine serous...
Dietary Risk Factors for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Researchers have found that diet-derived molecules known as metabolites may be the main drivers of early-onset colorectal cancer risk, especially those associated with red and processed meat, according to a recent study published by Jayakrishnan et al in npj Precision Oncology. Background Despite...
Novel Insights May Transform Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Patients With T-Lineage ALL
Researchers have uncovered that T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) may be frequently driven by genetic changes in noncoding portions of the DNA, according to a recent study published by Pölönen et al in Nature. The investigators believe these findings may lead to a paradigm shift in...
Corticosteroids for Immune-Related Adverse Events and Clinical Outcomes With ICIs for Solid Tumors
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Verheijden et al found that higher peak corticosteroid doses for patients with immune-related adverse events were associated with poorer outcomes in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for solid tumors. Study Details...
FDA Approves Axatilimab-csfr for Chronic GVHD
On August 14, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved axatilimab-csfr (Niktimvo), a colony-stimulating factor–1 receptor–blocking antibody, for the treatment of chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) after failure of at least two prior lines of systemic therapy in adult and pediatric...
Completion Axillary Lymph Node Dissection to Select Adjuvant Treatment in Breast Cancer and Associated Impairment of Arm Function
In an analysis involving the phase III SENOMAC trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, de Boniface et al found that the use of completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) to identify pN2-3 status (at least four nodal metastases) in patients with breast cancer, and thus qualification for...
Efficacy of ‘Symptom-Triggered Testing’ for Detection of Ovarian Cancer
“Symptom-triggered testing”—prompted by symptoms such as pain, abdominal bloating/swelling, and feeling full soon after starting to eat—detected early-stage aggressive ovarian cancer in one of four individuals affected, according to an analysis from the ROCkeTS trial published by Kwong et al in the ...
Combination Immunotherapies May Boost T-Cell Responses in Patients With Melanoma
Researchers may have uncovered how combination immunotherapies targeting the immune checkpoints PD-1 and LAG-3 may work together to activate immune responses in patients with melanoma, according to two recent studies published by Cillo et al and Andrews et al in Cell. The findings may shed light on ...
New Study May Unveil Prognostic Genetic Insights Into Colorectal Cancer
Researchers have reported novel genetic alterations and molecular classifiers of tumor variants in patients with colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by Nunes et al in Nature. Background “Since 2018, Uppsala University and BGI [Genomics] have carried out in-depth cooperation on...
ARPA-H Awards to Develop Novel Technologies in Cancer Surgery
More than 2 years ago, President Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden reignited the Cancer Moonshot with the goals of reducing the cancer death rate in the United States by at least half (preventing more than 4 million cancer deaths) by 2047 and improving the experience of people who are touched by...
Discontinuation of CML Therapy: Which Patients Are Ideal Candidates?
With the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has become a chronic disease for most patients. Furthermore, we now know that some patients can successfully stop treatment and remain in remission. “Stopping tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy is something we get a...
T-DXd in HER2-Positive Advanced Colorectal Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Kanwal Raghav, MD, and colleagues, the phase II DESTINY-CRC02 trial has identified the preferred dosage of single-agent fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) in patients with HER2-positive advanced colorectal cancer. Study Details In the international study, ...
Salpingectomy vs Tubal Occlusion
Women whose fallopian tubes are removed during sterilization via laparoscopy may have only marginally more surgical complications compared with those whose tubes are cut during tubal occlusion, according to a recent study published by Strandell et al in The Lancet Regional Health–Europe. The...
Cancer Cases and Mortality Among Men Predicted to Increase Globally
Investigators have uncovered disparities in the projected rates of future cancer incidence and mortality among men based on age and country’s socioeconomic status, according to a recent study published by Bizuayehu et al in Cancer. Background Prior research has shown that men may face higher rates...
Advanced GIST: Long-Term Outcomes With Discontinuation vs Continuation of Imatinib
In a long-term follow-up of a French phase III trial (BFR14) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jean-Yves Blay, MD, and colleagues found that discontinuation of imatinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) with at least stable disease was associated with markedly poorer...
Sacituzumab Govitecan May Be Effective at Treating Breast Cancer–Related Brain Tumors
The antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan-hziy may be effective in treating patients with breast cancer who have brain metastases or recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, according to a recent study published by Balinda et al in Nature Communications. Background About 50% of all female...
Pattern in Protein Production May Be Predictive of Side Effects From Immunotherapy in Patients With Melanoma
An activity pattern in certain genes responsible for building proteins known as spleen tyrosine kinases may predict the occurrence of severe side effects from immunotherapy in patients with melanoma, according to a recent study published by Monson et al in Clinical Cancer Research. Background...
Association of Regular Aspirin Use With Colorectal Cancer Risk According to Lifestyle Factors
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Sikavi et al found that regular aspirin use was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer overall and among individuals with less healthy vs more healthy lifestyles. Study Details The prospective cohort study focused on data from 107,655 participants...
Cannabis Use and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Gallagher et al found that individuals with cannabis-related disorder were at an increased risk of head and neck cancer vs those without cannabis-related disorder. Cannabis-related disorders are defined by the excessive use of...
Gestational Diabetes and Risk for Breast Cancer
Women who develop gestational diabetes may not have a higher likelihood of being diagnosed with breast cancer, according to recent findings that will be presented by Christensen et al at the upcoming European Association for the Study of Diabetes Annual Meeting 2024 (Abstract 180). Background...
Metastasis-Directed Radiation Therapy Plus Chemotherapy in Oligometastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Researchers have demonstrated that adding metastasis-directed radiation therapy to standard-of-care chemotherapy may improve progression-free survival in patients with oligometastatic pancreatic cancer, according to a recent study published by Ludmir et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology and...
Can Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab Set a New Standard for Unresectable Stage III NSCLC?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including atezolizumab, have been evaluated in several phase II trials for neoadjuvant therapy in resectable lung cancer, both with and without chemotherapy, such as the LCMC3 trial and CheckMate 816. Ongoing studies, including the IMpower030 trial, are further...
Visceral Pleural Invasion and Recurrence Risk in Patients Undergoing Surgery for NSCLC
In an analysis from the CALGB 140503 trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Nasser Altorki, MD, and colleagues found that pathologically identified visceral pleural invasion was associated with poorer outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Study Details The trial ...
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Association of ctDNA With Recurrence Risk
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Akaike et al found that detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was associated with an increased risk of recurrence in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. Study Details In the study, a tumor-informed ctDNA assay was used in 319 patients...
EGFR- and ALK-Altered NSCLC: TKIs With Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases
In a retrospective study (TURBO-NSCLC) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pike et al found that the addition of upfront stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment prolonged time to CNS progression vs TKI treatment...
Lorlatinib vs Crizotinib in Advanced ALK-Positive NSCLC: 5-Year Outcomes From Phase III CROWN Trial
In an article in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, corresponding author Benjamin J. Solomon, MBBS, BS, PhD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, and colleagues provided a long-term analysis of 5-year outcomes from the phase III CROWN trial.1 Median progression-free survival had not been...
FDA Approves Immunotherapy for Relapsed or Refractory CTCL
On August 8, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved denileukin diftitox-cxdl (Lymphir), a novel immunotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. Denileukin diftitox is...
Efficacy of a JAK2/mTOR Inhibitor Combination in Controlling Acute Graft-vs-Host Disease
Adding a Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitor to standard immunosuppressive drugs may not improve prevention of acute graft-vs-host disease in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing treatment with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, according to a recent study published by Pidala...
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, Early Menopause May Be Linked to Increased Risk of Breast Cancer
The risk of developing breast cancer may be increased among some women who undergo menopause prior to age 46, according to a recent study published by Allen-Brady et al in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Background Early menopause occurs in women aged 40 to 45 years. Primary ...
Physician Community Comes Together to Urge Congress to Act on Medicare Payment Reform
ASCO, along with more than 100 medical organizations and societies, sent a letter to members of the U.S. House and Senate leadership urging Congress to prioritize and advance several bills and legislative proposals that would provide greater fiscal stability for physicians and reform key elements...
Cancer Screening Estimated to Cost $43 Billion Annually in United States
Cancer screening may cost more than $40 billion annually in the United States, according to a recent study published by Halpern et al in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Study Methods and Results In the recent modeling study, investigators used national health-care survey and cost resources data to ...
Metastatic NSCLC Survival Rates in the Immunotherapy Era
The survival rates of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have improved since the introduction of the first immunotherapeutic in this population in the United States in 2015, according to a recent study published by Wang et al in Cancer. NSCLC accounts for up to 90% of all...
FDA Approves IDH1/2 Inhibitor for Certain Patients With Astrocytoma or Oligodendroglioma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved vorasidenib (Voranigo), an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) and -2 (IDH2) inhibitor, for adult and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with grade 2 astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma with a susceptible IDH1 or IDH2 mutation, following...
Radiation Alone May Be as Effective as Chemoradiation in Patients With Low-Risk Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant head and neck cancer that is highly prevalent in the southern and southwestern provinces of China. Although the incidence of the cancer is less than 1 per 100,000 in Europe, the United States, and the Pacific, data from the International...
