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Showing 351 - 400Adjuvant Radiotherapy With 24 vs 6 Months of ADT in Prostate Cancer
In a component of the phase III RADICALS-HD trial reported in The Lancet, Parker et al found that metastasis-free survival was improved with the addition of 24 months vs 6 months of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) to adjuvant radiotherapy in prostate cancer. A second component of the trial, not...
Risk Factors and Outcomes Among Women With Interval vs Screen-Detected Breast Cancer
In a Korean study reported in JAMA Network Open, Song et al identified risk factors for interval breast cancer vs screen-detected breast cancer and described mortality outcomes for women in the two categories. Study Details The retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health...
Cancer Incidence, Curative Treatment, and Overall Survival in the English Prison Population
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lüchtenborg et al found that the incidence of cancer increased in the prison population in England between 1998 and 2017; those with cancer were less likely to receive curative treatment and had poorer overall survival vs patients with cancer in the...
Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Adding Ruxolitinib to Front-Line Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Interval Debulking Surgery
In a phase I/II NRG Oncology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landen et al found that the addition of ruxolitinib to front-line paclitaxel/carboplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery improved progression-free survival in patients with stage III to IV ...
Early Breast Cancer: ALND or SLNB for ypN-Positive Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
In an analysis of clinical trials reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Brooks et al found no differences in long-term outcomes with the use of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) vs sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB)—usually paired with adjuvant radiotherapy—among patients with breast...
KEYNOTE-564: Adjuvant Pembrolizumab Improves Overall Survival vs Placebo in Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Toni K. Choueiri, MD, FASCO, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, and colleagues, the third prespecified interim analysis of overall survival in the phase III KEYNOTE-564 trial has shown significant benefit with adjuvant...
ALINA Trial: Adjuvant Alectinib Improves Survival vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in ALK-Positive NSCLC
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Yi‑Long Wu, MD, of Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, and colleagues, the phase III ALINA trial has shown significantly improved disease-free survival with adjuvant alectinib vs platinum-based chemotherapy...
Noninferiority of Simple vs Radical Hysterectomy for Pelvic Recurrence in Low-Risk Cervical Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Marie Plante, MD, of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec, and colleagues, the phase III CX.5 SHAPE trial has shown noninferiority of simple vs radical hysterectomy in the frequency of pelvic recurrence in women with low-risk cervical...
Atezolizumab/Cabozantinib vs Docetaxel in Previously Treated Metastatic NSCLC
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Joel Neal, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase III CONTACT-01 trial has shown no significant improvement in overall survival with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor atezolizumab (multiple targets, including MET, AXL, VEGFR2, RET, and FLT) plus the...
Use of Topical Diclofenac Gel to Prevent Capecitabine-Associated Hand-Foot Syndrome
In an Indian single-center phase III trial (D-TORCH) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Santhosh et al found that the nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory topical diclofenac gel significantly reduced the risk of capecitabine-associated hand-foot syndrome vs placebo gel in patients with breast ...
Pembrolizumab in High-Risk Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Andrea Necchi, MD, and colleagues, findings in cohort B of the phase II KEYNOTE-057 study indicated that pembrolizumab was active in patients with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive, high-risk non–muscle invasive bladder cancer. As noted by the...
Outcomes for Cancer Drugs Initially FDA-Approved With Immature Overall Survival Data
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Naci et al identified the degree to which initial U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of cancer drugs based on immature overall survival data were subsequently followed by reporting of overall survival results. Study Details The study...
Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: Addition of Relatlimab to Immunochemotherapy
In the phase II RELATIVITY-060 study, results of which were reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Susanna Hegewisch-Becker, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the addition of the LAG-3–blocking antibody relatlimab to first-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy did not improve the objective...
Adding Perioperative Nivolumab to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Resectable NSCLC: CheckMate 77T
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Tina Cascone, MD, PhD, and colleagues, interim analysis in the phase III CheckMate 77T trial has shown that the addition of perioperative nivolumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy improved event-free survival in patients with resectable non–small...
Nivolumab/Ipilimumab Boost in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
In a German-Austrian phase II study (TITAN-TCC) reported in JAMA Oncology, Grimm et al described outcomes with the use of nivolumab plus ipilimumab as an immunotherapeutic boost in metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Study Details In the multicenter trial, 169 patients were enrolled into two cohorts...
Pertuzumab Plus Trastuzumab for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer With HER2/3 Alterations
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Cannon et al, findings in a cohort of the phase II Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry (TAPUR) basket study showed that the combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab was active in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer with...
Multiple Myeloma: Is MRD Status at 1 Year After Treatment Predictive of Survival?
Results from the Prognostic Immunophenotyping in Myeloma Response (PRIMeR) study, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Marcelo C. Pasquini, MD, MS, and colleagues, found that undetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) status at 1 year after autologous hematopoietic cell...
Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Unresectable Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: Comparison of Agents
In a Chinese phase III trial (CRTCOESC) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jia et al found that neither capecitabine nor XELOX (capecitabine, oxaliplatin) improved 2-year overall survival vs cisplatin/fluorouracil as part of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with...
Donepezil for the Treatment of Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer Survivors After Adjuvant Chemotherapy
In the phase III WF-97116 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rapp et al found that treatment with the cognitive enhancer donepezil did not improve memory or other cognitive functions vs placebo in breast cancer survivors with cancer-related cognitive impairment 1 to 5 years after...
Previously Untreated Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Ibrutinib, Immunochemotherapy, and ASCT
As reported in The Lancet by Martin Dreyling, MD, PhD, and colleagues, results in the European Mantle Cell Lymphoma Network phase III TRIANGLE trial indicate that the addition of ibrutinib to immunochemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) significantly improved failure-free...
Marker for Distinguishing Renal Cell Carcinoma From Benign Renal Masses
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Xu et al found that higher levels of preoperative plasma kidney injury molecule-1 (pKIM-1) distinguished renal cell carcinoma from benign renal masses. As stated by the investigators, “Both clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinoma...
T-DXd for Advanced Solid Tumors With Activating HER2 Mutations
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bob T. Li, MD, PhD, MPH, and colleagues, the phase II DESTINY-PanTumor01 trial showed activity of fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) in patients with unresectable or metastatic solid tumors that have specific activating HER2 mutations. The antibody-drug...
Childhood Cancer Survivors: Genetic Risk Factors for Treatment-Related Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Im et al found that genetic variants associated with a risk of treatment-related type 2 diabetes mellitus among childhood cancer survivors of African or European ancestry posed a higher risk of diabetes among those of African ancestry. As...
Lymphoid Neoplasms: European National Health Expenditure and Long-Term Survival
In an analysis of the EUROCARE-6 data set reported in The Lancet Oncology, Milena Sant, MD, and colleagues found that patients with lymphoid neoplasms from European countries with greater health expenditure had improved 10-year age-standardized relative survival. Study Details The study involved...
Doublet for Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Leiomyosarcoma
In a phase Ib study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Van Tine et al established the recommended phase II dose of oral unesbulin in combination with dacarbazine for patients with locally recurrent, unresectable or metastatic, relapsed or refractory leiomyosarcoma. Unesbulin is a small...
Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv Plus Pembrolizumab Improves Survival vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Advanced Urothelial Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Thomas Powles, MD, Barts Cancer Institute Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, and colleagues, the phase III EV-302 trial has shown that the combination of the antibody–drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin-ejfv, which is...
Cell-Free DNA Blood-Based Test and Next-Generation Multitarget Stool DNA Test in Colorectal Cancer Screening
In two studies reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, investigators found that a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood-based test (ECLIPSE study)1 and a next-generation multitarget stool DNA test (BLUE-C study)2 both showed high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced...
Whole-Pelvic Radiation Therapy for Unfavorable-Risk Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sayan et al, analysis of long-term findings from the phase III Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Trial 05-043 showed that whole-pelvic radiation therapy (WPRT) was associated with favorable survival outcomes vs prostate-only radiation therapy (PORT)...
Impact of Age on Outcomes in Endometrial Cancer
In an analysis of data from the PORTEC-1, -2, and -3 trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wakkerman et al found that older age was associated with more aggressive tumor features and poorer outcomes in patients with endometrial cancer. Study Details The analysis included data from 1,801...
Addition of Durvalumab to Gemcitabine/Cisplatin in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: PROs in TOPAZ-1
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Howard A. Burris III, MD, FACP, FASCO, and colleagues, a patient-reported outcome (PRO) analysis from the phase III TOPAZ-1 trial showed no “detrimental effect” with the addition of durvalumab to gemcitabine/cisplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract...
Omission of Axillary Dissection After Nodal Downstaging With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Montagna et al found that patients with breast cancer with nodal downstaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a low rate of axillary recurrence, with no difference observed for staging with targeted axillary dissection vs sentinel lymph...
Local Recurrence of Endometrial Cancer: Radiotherapy With or Without Cisplatin
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ann H. Klopp, MD, PhD, and colleagues, results from an NRG Oncology/GOG trial showed “excellent” progression-free survival outcomes with radiation therapy alone for local recurrences of endometrial cancer, with the addition of cisplatin in...
Hemihepatectomy: Outcomes With Laparoscopic vs Open Surgery
In a phase III study (ORANGE II PLUS) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fichtinger et al found that among patients with indications for hemihepatectomy suitable for both laparoscopic and open approaches, of whom the majority had cancer, the laparoscopic approach was associated with a...
T-DXd vs Physician’s Choice of Therapy in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: PROs in DESTINY-Breast02
In an analysis of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in the DESTINY-Breast02 trial published in The Lancet Oncology, Tanja Fehm, MD, and colleagues found that general health status/quality of life was maintained over time with fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) vs physician’s choice of therapy...
Dato-DXd in Advanced or Metastatic HR-Positive/HER2-Negative or Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In the phase I TROPION-PanTumor01 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Aditya Bardia, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the antibody-drug conjugate datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) was active in patients with locally advanced or metastatic hormone receptor...
Durvalumab After Chemoradiotherapy in Unresectable NSCLC: Real-World Use and Outcomes
In a U.S. retrospective cohort study (SPOTLIGHT) reported in JAMA Network Open, Mooradian et al found that a substantial proportion of patients with unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) did not receive consolidation durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy—but those who did had...
United Kingdom’s First Cardio-Oncology Service: 10-Year Experience
In a research letter published by Andres et al in JACC: CardioOncology, staff from Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in London described their experience over 10 years in the UK’s first cardio-oncology service. Study Details The study involved data from the initial ...
Relapsed or Refractory CD7-Positive Leukemia or Lymphoma: CAR T-Cell Therapy Plus HSCT Without GVHD Prophylaxis
In a Chinese study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Hu et al found that sequential CD7 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) without graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis was effective in patients with...
Premastectomy Radiotherapy, Surgery, and Immediate Breast Reconstruction
In a single-center phase II trial reported in JAMA Network Open, Schaverien et al found that a strategy of premastectomy radiotherapy and immediate breast reconstruction was feasible in patients undergoing surgery for breast cancer. Study Details A total of 49 patients with cT0–T3, N0–N3b breast...
Liposomal Irinotecan vs Topotecan in Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by David R. Spigel, MD, and colleagues, the phase III RESILIENT Part 2 trial has shown no overall survival benefit with second-line liposomal irinotecan vs topotecan in patients with small cell lung cancer whose disease progressed on or after...
Risk of Arterial Thromboembolism in Japanese Patients With Cancer
In a Japanese retrospective study reported in JACC:CardioOncology, Gon et al identified the incidence and outcomes of arterial thromboembolism in patients with cancer. Study Details The study used data on 97,448 patients with cancer (median age = 70 years) from the Osaka Cancer Registry linked with ...
Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: NECTIN4 Amplification and Response to Enfortumab Vedotin
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Klümper et al established a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay to measure NECTIN4 copy number variations and found that NECTIN4 amplification was associated with high activity of the anti-NECTIN4 antibody-drug conjugate...
Salvage Reirradiation for Locally Recurrent Prostate Cancer: 7-Year Follow-up
In an update of a Norwegian trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ekanger et al found that long term, salvage reirradiation for locally recurrent prostate cancer was feasible and associated with good outcomes. Study Details The study included 38 patients with locally recurrent disease ...
Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Addition of LuPSMA to Enzalutamide
In an interim analysis of the Australian phase II ENZA-p trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Emmett et al found that the addition of lutetium-177–labeled PSMA-617 (LuPSMA) to enzalutamide improved prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression-free survival in the first-line treatment of patients...
Pediatric AML: Comparison of Induction Regimens
In the phase III AML2012 trial, which had early termination of enrollment and results of which were reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tierens et al found that mitoxantrone-based induction resulted in better outcomes vs liposomal daunorubicin–based induction in pediatric patients with...
Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed Hodgkin Lymphoma: Preexisting Heart Failure and Survival Outcomes
In a study reported in JACC: CardioOncology, Upshaw et al found that preexisting heart failure was associated with an increased risk of lymphoma and cardiovascular mortality among patients aged ≥ 65 years who were newly diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma. The study used linked Surveillance,...
Impact of Propofol Exposure on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children With High-Risk ALL
In an analysis from the Children’s Oncology Group phase III AALL1131 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Alexander et al found that exposure to propofol was associated with an increased risk of impairment in reaction time/processing speed at 1 year after treatment in children with...
MRI-Guided Duration of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a Dutch phase II study (TRAIN-3) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Anna van der Voort, MD, and colleagues found that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected complete radiologic response after only three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in many patients with stage II to III HER2-positive...
Immunotherapy Plus FOLFIRI for Advanced Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
In a French noncomparative phase II trial (PRODIGE 59-FFCD 1707-DURIGAST) reported in JAMA Oncology, Tougeron et al found limited activity of FOLFIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan) plus durvalumab or durvalumab/tremelimumab in the second-line treatment of advanced...
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Overall Survival in KEYNOTE-564
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Toni K. Choueiri, MD, FASCO, and colleagues, the third prespecified interim analysis of overall survival in the phase III KEYNOTE-564 trial has shown a significant benefit with adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with clear cell renal...
