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Showing 29601 - 29650The Evolving Role of Surgery in Germ Cell Tumors
Over the past several decades, the role of postchemotherapy surgery for advanced testicular cancer has evolved with regard to patient selection, surgical planning, lymph node dissection, and surgical technique. To add clarity to this complex clinical setting, The ASCO Post recently spoke with...
College of American Pathologists Publishes Recommendations for Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance
Recommendations from the United States Preventive Services Task Force and randomized trials have drawn attention to overtreatment of localized, low-risk prostate cancer. PSA screening and changing consensus on PSA testing practices are among the many factors that contribute to the overdiagnosis and ...
Enzalutamide and the Landscape of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Integrating New Indications With Existing Agents
The androgen receptor axis is a validated target for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Several perturbations in this pathway are postulated to lead to androgen-independent growth, including androgen receptor mutation and amplification as well as the autocrine production of...
PREVAIL Trial: Enzalutamide Before Chemotherapy Prolongs Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
The androgen-receptor inhibitor enzalutamide (Xtandi) has been shown to prolong survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with progressive disease after chemotherapy. In the phase III PREVAIL trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Tomasz M. Beer, MD, of...
EGFR as a Therapeutic Target for Gastroesophageal Cancer—or Is It Really?
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is often amplified and its protein overexpressed in upper gastrointestinal cancers—and overexpression has prognostic value. With the advent of monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors against EGFR, we have witnessed a rash of randomized...
No Overall Survival Improvement but Some Palliative Benefit With Gefitinib in Esophageal Cancer Progressing Postchemotherapy
In what may be the first randomized trial of systemic therapy in this setting, Susan J. Dutton, MSc, of University of Oxford, United Kingdom, and colleagues evaluated the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib vs placebo in patients with esophageal cancer...
Supportive Care in Pediatric Patients With Cancer: Recent Developments in Treating Febrile Neutropenia
Recent developments in supportive care for children with cancer can be broken down into three categories: doing the simple things well, applying evidence-based medicine to daily practice, and extending the benefits to everyone, according to Scott C. Howard, MD, of St. Jude Children’s Research...
NEPA for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Key Endpoints and Additional Analyses Show Strong Efficacy
For the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, NEPA, a novel combination of a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist and the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist palonosetron (Aloxi), has been studied in three pivotal trials that were recently published in the Annals of Oncology.1-3 Further...
MASCC Awards Honorary Lifetime Membership
The Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) has awarded Honorary Lifetime Membership status to Hans-Jürg Senn, MD, based on his commitment, vision, and extraordinary service to the Society and its publication Supportive Care in Cancer, according to Society News, the MASCC...
Mucositis Remains a Challenge in Head and Neck Cancer
Chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer requires intensive supportive care by a knowledgeable and proactive multidisciplinary team, according to Avraham Eisbruch, MD, Professor of Radiation Oncology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. “Aggressive chemoradiotherapy has improved the cure...
90 Countries Participate in the 5th World Congress of the International Federation of Head and Neck Oncologic Societies in New York
A spectacular parade of nations from 90 countries led by the Emerald Society Pipes and Drums from the New York City Police Department opened the 5th World Congress of the International Federation of Head and Neck Oncologic Societies (IFHNOS) on July 27 in New York City. The 4-day event was held in...
Tackling the Heterogeneity of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Triple-negative breast cancer is now recognized as a very complex subtype for which one treatment will not be applicable to all, according to Mohammad Jahanzeb, MD, Professor of Clinical Medicine at the University of Miami and Director of the UM Sylvester Deerfield Campus, who gave an update on...
Rational Strategies Are Advancing Combination Lymphoma Therapies
Rational strategies informed by knowledge of a drug’s molecular mechanisms are helping to bring new combinations of lymphoma therapies to the clinic, according to Anas Younes, MD, Chief of the Lymphoma Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York. The Challenge of Too Many Drugs...
Precision Medicine: Precisely Where Are We Really?
Having attended ASCO Annual Meetings for almost 40 years, I believe that this year’s 50th anniversary celebration was one of the best ever. In many of the presentations and discussions, I experienced a sense of reality about the true state of cancer management that in previous years has sometimes...
New Research Presented in Wilms Tumor, Pediatric Sarcoma, Head and Neck Cancer, and Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
In the past few months, numerous presentations from this year’s ASCO Annual Meeting have been covered in depth in the pages of The ASCO Post and online at ASCOPost.com. The brief summaries below capture additional important highlights that have not been covered thus far. We hope you will find them...
Expert Point of View: Federico Cappuzzo, MD
Federico Cappuzzo, MD, Director of the Medical Oncology Department at Istituto Toscano Tumori, Ospedale Civile, Livorno, Italy, pointed out that the abstracts presented by Spigel et al and Camidge et al at the ASCO Annual Meeting explored the same target but with different results. The first...
Mixed Results for Targeting MET in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Two different abstracts explored the potential for MET as a therapeutic target in patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with different results. A phase III study found that onartuzumab, an antibody that targets the MET receptor, combined with erlotinib (Tarceva) was not as...
Expert Point of View: Melinda L. Telli, MD
The potential of individualizing systemic treatment based on BRCA1/2 status has not yet been realized. BRCA1/2 germline status currently does not factor into systemic therapy decisions,” said Melinda L. Telli, MD, of Standard University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, who discussed the...
Studies Assess Response to Platinum Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Studies in triple-negative breast cancer presented at the 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting sought to determine predictors of response to platinum agents. One identified a subset of responders to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but prediction proved more elusive in metastatic disease. Neoadjuvant Carboplatin The...
Expert Point of View: Lauren C. Harshman, MD
In her discussion of the renal cell carcinoma studies at the ASCO Annual Meeting, Lauren C. Harshman, MD, Assistant Professor of Medical Oncology at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, suggested, “Given the plateau in efficacy with current treatments, there is space and need for agents with new...
Anti–PD-1 Agent Shows Activity in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma can be added to the growing list of tumors that respond to programmed death (PD)-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors, according to the results of the CheckMate trials, presented at the 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting. The phase II CheckMate-010 trial evaluated three doses of nivolumab as a ...
Who Will Care for Patients With Cancer?
The workforce numbers show a disturbing trend. According to a recent study by ASCO, by 2025, overall demand for oncology services is projected to grow by 40%, but physician supply is predicted to increase by only 25%, generating a shortage of 2,258 oncologists providing full-time equivalent...
Does the United States Have the Best Health-Care System in the World?
Many concerns were raised and dire speculations predicted during the further implementation of the Affordable Care Act this year. So far, the trickling news is good: An estimated total of 20 million people gained coverage under the new law as of May 1,1 about 6 million enrolled in the law’s...
Recent FDA Drug Approvals Foster Growing Treatment Armamentarium for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Rare B-Cell Lymphomas
Recent approvals announced by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have led to increased treatment options for managing several difficult-to-treat hematologic B-cell cancers. The newly approved drugs and/or their indications include the oral PI3K delta inhibitor idelalisib (Zydelig) for the...
Pioneer in Fight Against Tobacco, Emanuel Farber, MD, PhD, Dies at 85
On December 11, 1969, a soft-spoken pathologist wearing outsized spectacles answered a long and complex series of questions by the legal team representing Liggett & Myers Tobacco Company, the maker of Chesterfield cigarettes. The tobacco lawyers contended that one Leslie Thayer—a lifelong...
Jesse L. Steinfeld, MD, and The War on Cancer
In “Stories on the History of Cancer,” available on ASCO’s Cancer.Progress.Net, past ASCO presidents and other oncology luminaries discuss the founding of ASCO, the early days of cancer treatment, and the notable changes that have occurred since then—both in the care of people with cancer and in...
Jesse L. Steinfeld, MD, Past Surgeon General, ASCO President, Dies at 87
The 1964 Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health started a culture change in the way Americans viewed tobacco and their health, and has saved countless million of lives. But the 1964 Report remained scientifically ambiguous on certain vital issues, such as the effect smoking had on the...
First Prospective Study of Rare Lymphoma Shows Promising but Inconclusive Results With DA-EPOCH-R
Presenting “the first prospective study” of mediastinal gray zone lymphoma, researchers from the National Cancer Institute reported that DA-EPOCH-R (infusional dose-adjusted etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide with vincristine, prednisone, and rituximab (Rituxan) and filgrastim (Neupogen)...
Simple Bedside Assessment of Pain and Itch Is Valuable Tool for the Evaluation of Suspicious Skin Lesions
A prospective, clinicopathologic study involving 268 patients with biopsy-proven basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, or melanoma in situ “revealed that pain is associated with histologic features that involve deeper dermal processes in [squamous cell carcinoma]...
Patient, Tumor Characteristics Associated With BRAF and KRAS Mutations
KRAS and BRAF V600E mutations were nearly mutually exclusive and associated with specific patient and tumor characteristics, such as age and smoking status, according to an analysis of data from the N0147 phase III trial for stage III colon cancer. Primary tumors were assessed for KRAS and BRAF...
Prolonged TV Viewing, Other Sedentary Behaviors Linked to Increased Risk of Particular Cancers
“Prolonged TV viewing and time spent in other sedentary pursuits is associated with increased risks of certain types of cancer,” concluded a meta-analysis of data from 43 observational studies including more than 4 million people and 68,936 cancer cases. A positive association with overall...
15-PGDH Expression in Normal Mucosa May Be Biomarker for Aspirin Prevention of Colorectal Cancer
Aspirin use reduces the risk of colorectal cancer at least in part via inhibition of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2, COX-2) pathways. Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; 15-PGDH, HPGD) is a metabolic antagonist of PTGS2 and is downregulated in...
Small Molecule Induces Catastrophic Vacuolization and Death of Glioblastoma Cells
In a study reported in Cell, Kitambi and colleagues screened patient-derived glioblastoma cells to identify targetable cellular processes gained by these cells that are not necessarily involved in malignancy. They found that a quinine derivative (NSC13316) selectively compromised viability of...
Dysregulated Cell-Cycle Progression and Akt Hyperactivation in Cancer
Akt plays important roles in cell proliferation, survival, and metabolism. Akt hyperactivation contributes to tumorigenesis and is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is known that activation of Akt results from phosphorylation at S473 and T308, but it ...
Fusion Protein Improves Dendritic Cell Penetration, Raising Prospect of Efficient Cancer Vaccine
Immunotherapy with dendritic cells in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy may eliminate minimal disease burden by generating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Improving the cytosolic bioavailability of tumor-specific antigens to improve access to HLA class I molecules would result in better...
BET Bromodomain Inhibition Highly Active in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer after androgen ablation therapy is primarily due to deregulated androgen receptor signaling. Treatment with agents that target such signaling, such as abiraterone (Zytiga) and enzalutamide (Xtandi), has been successful. However, durable response...
2014 Oncology Meetings
SEPTEMBER American Society for Radiation Oncology Annual MeetingSeptember 14-17 • San Francisco, California For more information: www.astro.org Cancer Medicine and Hematology 2014September 14-19 • Boston, Massachusetts For more information: www.hmscme.com/cancermedicine 18th Annual Meeting:...
NIH Announces Launch of Precision Medicine Trials in Early-Stage Lung Cancer
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently announced the launch of the Adjuvant Lung Cancer Enrichment Marker Identification and Sequencing Trials, or ALCHEMIST. The purpose of the trial, which has three components, is to identify patients with early-stage lung cancer whose tumors harbor...
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk Decreases Rapidly After Starting Regular Physical Activity
Postmenopausal women who in the past 4 years had undertaken regular physical activity equivalent to at least 4 hours of walking per week had a lower risk for invasive breast cancer compared with women who exercised less during those 4 years, according to data published recently in Cancer...
Royal Society Presents 2014 Royal Medal to Tony Hunter, PhD, FRS, Salk Professor
Tony Hunter, PhD, FRS, has been awarded the 2014 Royal Medal for Biological Sciences by the Royal Society, an international fellowship of scientists based in the United Kingdom. The award recognizes Dr. Hunter, Director of Salk Institute Cancer Center in San Diego, for his contributions to the...
Expect Questions and Perhaps Unrealistic Expectations
A recent study reporting the absolute 20-year survival benefit from contralateral prophylactic mastectomy was less than 1% for women with stage I and II breast cancer without BRCA mutations runs counter to common perceptions about the risk of contralateral breast cancer among these women and the...
Survival Benefit of Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy Less Than 1% at 20 Years, but Numbers of Procedures Have Increased
For women with stage I and II breast cancer without BRCA mutations, the absolute 20-year survival benefit from contralateral prophylactic mastectomy was less than 1%, regardless of age, estrogen receptor status, and cancer stage, according to a decision analysis study using a Markov model to...
Patient Guides Available Through ASCO University Bookstore
ASCO Answers: Managing the Cost of Cancer Care explains the various costs associated with cancer treatment, including health-care coverage through the Affordable Care Act. It also provides a list of financial resources available to help offset expenses related to care and tips for organizing...
Cancer Has Given Me Courage
In 1986, I was pregnant with my third child and excited to be interviewing for a job on the assembly line at a General Motors plant near my home in Brodhead, Wisconsin. Hiring requirements included a physical examination and a chest x-ray, which was done by my obstetrician to avoid any radiation...
Mark Del Beccaro, MD, Named Senior Vice President, Chief Medical Officer of Seattle Children’s Hospital
Seattle Children’s has announced that Mark Del Beccaro, MD, has been appointed as Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer (CMO) effective October 1, 2014. Dr. Del Beccaro, who currently serves as Vice President of Medical Affairs, will replace David Fisher, MD, who is retiring. “Mark has...
Peter Pisters, MD, Appointed President and Chief Executive Officer, University Health Network, Canada
Mr. John Mulvihill, Chair of the Board of Trustees of University Health Network (UHN), Canada, and Chair of the Board’s Selection Committee for the President and CEO, recently announced that Peter Pisters, MD, will serve as UHN’s next President and CEO, beginning January 1, 2015. Dr. Pisters is...
September Is Prostate Cancer Awareness Month
In recognition of September as Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, The ASCO Post is pleased to share the following reminders, adapted in part from the American Cancer Society: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men, behind skin cancer, and it affects one in seven men in his...
NIH Awards Two New Grants to Explore the Understanding of Genomics Research in Africa
Two grants totaling more than $300,000 will support studies on genomic literacy among Africans as it relates to research conducted in Africa by African investigators. The 3-year grants are part of the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) program, funded by the National Institutes of...
Gynecologic Cancer Care: Collaboration With Resource-Challenged Ethiopia
Over the past 40 years, largely because of universal Pap screening, cervical cancer deaths have been drastically reduced in the United States and other wealthy industrialized countries. However, cervical cancer is still a leading cause of cancer death among women in resource-challenged areas of the ...
Ongoing Clinical Trials Actively Recruiting Patients With Kidney Cancer
The information in this Clinical Trials Resource Guide includes actively recruiting clinical studies for patients with kidney cancer. The list includes a pilot study and observational, randomized, and nonrandomized phase II and phase III studies evaluating new therapies, combination therapies,...
