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Showing 2951 - 3000Positive Preliminary Data Seen for Axitinib Plus Pembrolizumab in Renal Cell Carcinoma
The combination of axitinib (Inlyta) plus pembrolizumab (Keytruda) can be added to the list of combination therapies that look promising in advanced renal cell carcinoma. In a phase Ib trial, almost three-quarters of patients with newly diagnosed advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with the...
Pembrolizumab Survival Advantage Upheld in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma
Patients with recurrent urothelial cancer had sustained improvement in overall survival at 2 years after they received second-line treatment with pembrolizumab (Keytruda) vs chemotherapy, according to an updated survival analysis of the phase III KEYNOTE-045 trial presented at the 2018...
Poorer Socioeconomic Status May Predict Lower Survival in Patients With Anal Cancer
Patients with lower income have a significantly reduced chance of surviving anal cancer, according to a new study led by investigators at NYU Langone Health’s Perlmutter Cancer Center published by Lin et al in the journal Cancer. The study shows that both overall and...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation to Erdafitinib for the Treatment of Metastatic Urothelial Cancer
On March 15, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to erdafitinib for the treatment of urothelial cancer. Urothelial cancer, most frequently in the bladder, is the sixth most common type of cancer in the United States. A Breakthrough Therapy ...
Patients With AML Have Reduced Risk of Early Mortality at NCI-Designated Cancer Centers
Researchers at the University of California (UC), Davis, have shown that patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who received their care at a National Cancer Institute (NCI) cancer center in California had a dramatically reduced risk of early mortality. Using data from the California Cancer...
Study Finds Patients Using an iPad App to Self-Order Tests Doubled Colon Cancer Screening Rates
According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States and the second leading cause of death from cancer. Projections by the ACS show that, this year, about 50,630 people will die from the disease. However, studies...
The Anesthesia Era: 1845–1875
The text and photograph on this page are excerpted from a four-volume series of books titled Oncology: Tumors & Treatment, A Photographic History, by Stanley B. Burns, MD, FACS, and Elizabeth A. Burns. The photo below is from the volume titled “The Anesthesia Era: 1845–1875.” The photograph...
Effect of Azithromycin on Airflow Decline–Free Survival After Allogeneic HSCT
The French phase III ALLOZITHRO trial, stopped early due to excessive hematologic relapse in the azithromycin group, showed worse airflow decline–free survival with azithromycin vs placebo after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for hematologic malignancy. The study findings were...
Legal Duties of Clinicians When Terminally Ill Patients With Cancer or Their Surrogates Insist on ‘Futile’ Treatment
Law and Ethics in Oncology explores the legal and ethical issues oncologists must be aware of in this era of precision medicine and changing health-care policy, both to protect patients’ rights and to safeguard against potential legal jeopardy. For years, ASCO and other medical societies have...
Osimertinib Improves Progression-Free Survival vs Standard EGFR Inhibitors in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC
AS REPORTED in The New England Journal of Medicine by Jean-Charles Soria, MD, PhD, of Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus and University Paris-Sud, and colleagues, the phase III FLAURA trial has shown a significant progression-free survival benefit with the third-generation epidermal growth factor...
No Evidence of Celecoxib Benefit Reported in Patients With Early Breast Cancer
TWO YEARS of treatment with celecoxib had no observed effect on 5-year outcomes of patients with early breast cancer in the large REACT trial presented at the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium.1 “There was no overall benefit observed in disease-free survival or overall survival for...
Acupuncture for the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
The ASCO Post’s Integrative Oncology series is intended to facilitate the availability of evidence-based information on integrative and complementary therapies commonly used by patients with cancer. In this installment, Ting Bao, MD, DABMA, MS, reviews the current data on the use of acupuncture...
Lutetium Lu-177 Dotatate in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
On January 26, 2018, the radiolabeled somatostatin analog lutetium Lu-177 dotatate (Lutathera) was approved for the treatment of somatostatin receptor–positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, including foregut, midgut, and hindgut neuroendocrine tumors, in adults.1,2 Supporting...
Neoadjuvant Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial (BrighTNess) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Loibl et al found that the addition of the PARP inhibitor veliparib to carboplatin and paclitaxel in neoadjuvant therapy did not increase pathologic complete response rate in women with triple-negative breast cancer. Study Details ...
EXPERT POINT OF VIEW: Timothy Gilligan, MD
“POUT IS an impressive study, given that the authors were able to complete a trial in this relatively rare cancer. We still need overall survival data to determine the role of adjuvant chemotherapy for upper tract urothelial cancer. We need to know if it makes people live longer or have a better...
Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer
ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY achieved robust improvements in disease-free survival and metastasis-free survival compared with surveillance in the phase III POUT study of patients with upper tract urothelial cancer.1 Further, there was an early trend toward improved overall survival with adjuvant...
Combination PARP and PD-1 Inhibition Shows Antitumor Activity in Advanced Malignancies
IN A PHASE I trial of patients with advanced solid tumors, the combination of pamiparib (BGB-290), a selective poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, and tislelizumab (BGB-A317), an agent targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor, was well tolerated while demonstrating...
Apalutamide, Enzalutamide Improve Metastasis-Free Survival in Nonmetastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer
IN TWO SEPARATE TRIALS presented at the 2018 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, apalutamide and enzalutamide (Xtandi), respectively, reduced the risk of metastasis and prolonged metastasis-free survival in men with high-risk nonmetastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. In the SPARTAN trial,1,2...
Adjuvant Vemurafenib in Resected BRAF V600–Mutant Melanoma
In the international phase III BRIM8 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Maio et al found inconclusive evidence of benefit of adjuvant vemurafenib treatment in patients with BRAF V600–mutant melanoma. Study Details In the double-blind trial, 498 patients with fully resected...
FDA Authorizes Direct-to-Consumer Test That Reports Three Mutations in the BRCA1/BRCA2 Breast Cancer Genes
Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized the Personal Genome Service Genetic Health Risk (GHR) Report for BRCA1/BRCA2 (Selected Variants). It is the first direct-to-consumer (DTC) test to report on three specific BRCA1/BRCA2 breast cancer gene mutations that are most common in...
Use of Charity Assistance to Pay for Novel Oral Anticancer Agents
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Olszewski et al found that 36% of patients receiving novel oral anticancer agents in a Rhode Island academic research center received charity assistance to pay for treatment, including 47% of patients aged ≥ 65 years. Study Details The...
Nut Consumption in Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer
People with stage III colon cancer who regularly eat nuts are at significantly lower risk of cancer recurrence and mortality than those who don’t, according to findings published by Fadelu et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Findings The study followed 826 participants in the CALGB...
FDA Accepts BLA for Calaspargase Pegol in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
On February 28, Shire announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accepted the company’s biologics license application (BLA) for calaspargase pegol (Cal-PEG; SHP663). The investigational-stage compound is being reviewed as a component of a multiagent chemotherapeutic regimen...
Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy vs Radiotherapy in High-Risk Endometrial Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by de Boer et al, the phase III PORTEC-3 trial has shown no significant improvement in 5-year overall survival with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone in women with high-risk endometrial cancer. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however, was associated...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Julie R. Brahmer, MD, of the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, and colleagues, ASCO has released a clinical practice guideline on management of immune-related adverse events in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. To develop...
Larotrectinib in TRK Fusion–Positive Cancers in Adults and Children
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Drilon et al found that the oral tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor larotrectinib produced a high response rate and enduring responses in patients with TRK fusion–positive cancers. These fusions have been found to lead to...
Guadecitabine in Treatment-Naive Older Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia
The results of a phase II trial have shown high activity of guadecitabine, a next-generation hypomethylating drug, in treatment-naive older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The findings were reported in The Lancet Oncology by Hagop M. Kantarjian, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson...
Overall Survival With Carfilzomib vs Bortezomib in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
As reported by Meletios A. Dimopoulos, MD, of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, and colleagues in The Lancet Oncology, a prespecified interim analysis of the phase III ENDEAVOR trial has shown a significant overall survival benefit for carfilzomib (Kyprolis)...
Addition of Metronomic Chemotherapy to Dual Anti-HER2 Treatment in Older Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer
In the phase II EORTC 75111-10114 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wildiers et al found that the addition of metronomic oral cyclophosphamide to pertuzumab (Perjeta) and trastuzumab (Herceptin) improved progression-free survival in elderly or frail women with HER2-positive metastatic breast...
U.S. Incidence and Projected Rise of Merkel Cell Carcinoma
The number of U.S. cases of Merkel cell carcinoma is rising about six times faster than most other cancers, and at nearly twice the rate of melanoma. Paulson et al reported these findings in The Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, which are based on research conducted at the University...
Why Palliative Care Isn’t Just for Older Patients With Cancer
It is well established that adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer—defined by the National Cancer Institute as those between the ages of 15 and 39 years—have not reaped a comparable survival benefit as either younger or older adult cancer survivors over the past 4 decades, despite...
Providing Cancer Treatment Without Patient Consent
Law and Ethics in Oncology explores the legal and ethical issues oncologists must be aware of in this era of precision medicine and changing health-care policy, both to protect patients’ rights and to safeguard against potential legal jeopardy. Increasingly, across the United States, hospitals are...
Does Treatment With Tumor-Treating Fields Plus Temozolomide Influence Quality of Life in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma?
A DETAILED quality-of-life analysis of the phase III EF-14 trial of tumor-treating fields (Optune) in combination with temozolomide for the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma was published by Taphoorn et al in JAMA Oncology.1 This secondary endpoint analysis showed the addition of...
Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Preventing VTE in Patients With Cancer
THE FIRST TWO randomized trials to directly compare direct oral anticoagulants vs low–molecular-weight heparin for management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer suggest that direct oral anticoagulants may become the new standard of care.1,2 Direct oral anticoagulants appear to...
Update on Phase III JAVELIN Lung 200 Trial of Avelumab Monotherapy in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced NSCLC
On February 15, updated results were made available from the phase III JAVELIN Lung 200 trial comparing avelumab (Bavencio) to docetaxel in patients with unresectable, recurrent, or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease progressed after treatment with a...
EXPERT POINT OF VIEW: Ann H. Partridge, MD, MPH, FASCO
“The simple questions are whether ovarian function suppression adds clinical benefit in premenopausal women, and is ovarian function suppression better with an aromatase inhibitor or tamoxifen,” said formal discussant of these trials, Ann H. Partridge, MD, MPH, FASCO, Professor of Medicine at...
Combined Medical and Psychological Approach May Help Couples Reclaim Intimacy After Prostate Cancer Treatment
“To what extent do treatments for prostate cancer impact sexual functioning? To a great extent,” Christian Nelson, PhD, Chief, Psychiatry Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, told participants at the 11th Annual Oncofertility Consortium Conference in Chicago.1 Most men with...
Cabozantinib Improves Survival in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Patients with previously treated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma derived a survival benefit from cabozantinib (Cabometyx), in the phase III CELESTIAL trial.1 “Cabozantinib represents a new treatment option for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after prior systemic anticancer...
Laryngeal Preservation: All Patients Need a Voice
Following the publication of two landmark studies in the United States,1,2 laryngeal preservation with combined chemoradiotherapy has become standard practice as opposed to laryngectomy for patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer. The Department of Veterans Affairs Laryngeal Cancer Study...
Combination Immunotherapy in DNA Mismatch Repair–Deficient/Microsatellite Instability–High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Overman et al, findings in the nivolumab (Opdivo) plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) cohort of the CheckMate-142 study indicate a high response rate and durable responses with the combination in previously treated patients with DNA mismatch...
ASCO Examines the Current Oncology Clinical Pathways Landscape
ASCO has released its review of leading oncology pathway vendors in the United States. “Oncology Clinical Pathways: Charting the Landscape of Pathway Providers,” published in the Journal of Oncology Practice (JOP), examines the clinical pathways offered by six commercial vendors using...
2018 SURVIVORSHIP: Therapeutic Sexual Aids Frequently Not Available for Cancer Survivors Who Need Them
Cancer care guidelines recommend that cancer survivors who experience sexual dysfunction after cancer treatment use therapeutic aids to help improve their sexual health. However, a new study of 25 leading cancer centers found that 87% of the centers reported having no sexual aids available on site...
2018 GU CANCERS SYMPOSIUM: Combination Therapy Shows Antitumor Activity in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Combining the antiangiogenic agent axitinib (Inlyta) with the immunotherapy pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was found to have promising antitumor activity and no unexpected side effects in an early-phase clinical trial in patients with advanced kidney cancer who had not been previously treated. The full...
Avelumab Active in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma After Platinum Failure
AS REPORTED in The Lancet Oncology by Manish R. Patel, MD, of Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, and colleagues, the anti–programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody avelumab (Bavencio) produced durable responses in patients with locally advanced or metastatic...
Pembrolizumab Active in Thymic Carcinoma
In a single-center phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Giaccone et al found that pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced durable responses in patients with recurrent thymic carcinoma. Study Details In the study, 40 evaluable patients with advanced disease progressing after at least one line ...
Updates of Key Studies Differ on Relative Benefit of Nab-Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer
TWO IMPORTANT STUDIES, both updates of earlier findings and presented at the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, provided different findings as to the relative benefit of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel (Abraxane), vs solvent-based paclitaxel in breast cancer. “The two studies...
EXPERT POINT OF VIEW: Neil P. Shah, MD, PhD; Joseph M. Connors, MD; and Kenneth C. Anderson, MD
NEIL P. SHAH, MD, PhD, Leader of the Hematopoietic Malignancies Program at the University of California, San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Cancer Comprehensive Cancer Center, noted that BLU- 285 could fill an “unmet medical need” for a KIT inhibitor that is “both potent and selective.” He pointed ...
Amyloid-Targeting Antibody Elicits Organ Responses in Patients With Amyloidosis
IN PREVIOUSLY treated patients with amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, the chimeric fibril-reactive monoclonal antibody 11-1F4 (CAEL-101) produced organ responses in about two-thirds of patients in a phase Ia/b trial reported at the 2017 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting &...
Daratumumab Shows Efficacy in Amyloid Light-Chain Amyloidosis
DARATUMUMAB (DARZALEX) may be an effective treatment for systemic amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, according to phase II studies reported at the 2017 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition.1,2 While the cohorts were small and the arms uncontrolled, the findings...
Does Treatment With Tumor-Treating Fields Plus Temozolomide Influence Quality of Life in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma?
A detailed quality-of-life analysis of the phase III EF-14 trial of tumor-treating fields (Optune) in combination with temozolomide for the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma was published by Taphoorn et al in JAMA Oncology. This secondary endpoint analysis demonstrated that the...
