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Showing 2601 - 2650FRESCO-2: Fruquintinib for Patients With Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Researchers reported study results showing that fruquintinib, a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR), significantly improved overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Findings...
Neoadjuvant Cemiplimab in Patients With Stage II to IV Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In an international, multicenter phase II clinical trial, 63.3% of patients with stage II to IV cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma saw their tumors nearly or completely eradicated when treated with the anti–PD-1 agent cemiplimab-rwlc before surgery. The results were presented by Gross et al at the...
Research Explores Multicancer Early Detection Blood Testing
Physicians, care providers, and payers may be preparing for a major shift in early cancer detection that will affect almost every stage of cancer diagnosis and treatment. New data supporting the accuracy of multicancer early detection blood testing, presented by Deb Schrag, MD, FASCO, MPH, at the...
SWOG S1801: Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Pembrolizumab for Patients With Stage IIIB to IV Melanoma
Patients with high-risk melanoma who received the anti–PD-1 therapy pembrolizumab both before and after surgery to remove cancerous tissue had a significantly lower risk of their cancer recurring than similar patients who received the drug only after surgery. These results from a study by the SWOG...
M14TIL: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Patients With Advanced Melanoma
A novel treatment strategy with personalized cell therapy significantly improved progression-free survival compared to standard immunotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma, according to results from the phase III M14TIL trial reported by John Haanen, MD, PhD, and colleagues at the European...
Nirogacestat for Progressive Desmoid Tumors: DeFi Trial
Significant improvements in progression-free survival and response rate—combined with reduced symptoms and better quality of life—were reported as outcomes of a new treatment approach for patients with desmoid tumors, benign but locally aggressive and invasive soft-tissue tumors. Through targeting...
PROSPER RCC: Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Prior to Nephrectomy Followed by Additional Nivolumab in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma
The ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group presented data from PROSPER RCC (EA8143), the first randomized phase III trial of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with kidney cancer, at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2022 (Abstract LBA67). Patients with high-risk renal cell...
Bispecific Antibodies and the Dawn of a New Era in Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
“I think the biggest innovations of the 21st century will be at the intersection of biology and technology. A new era is beginning!” —Steve Jobs Relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma remains a treatment challenge. Promising responses have been demonstrated with bispecific antibodies, with a...
How EQRx Aims to Reengineer the Health-Care System to Produce More Effective, Less Costly Cancer Drugs
The numbers are dizzying. The costs of cancer care in the United States are rising so fast that by 2030, it is projected the national cancer-attributable costs will total more than $246 billion, up from $183 billion in 2015—a 34% increase.1 And although the total global economic burden of cancer is ...
Reconciliation Bill Focuses on Health-Care Provisions
Update: On August 7, 2022, the Senate passed the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), a broad climate, tax, and health-care reconciliation bill, with a vote of 51 to 50. During a review of the IRA, the Senate parliamentarian removed provisions from the bill that would have required drug companies to pay...
ASCO Updated Guideline of Biomarkers in Metastatic Breast Cancer Supports PIK3CA, BRCA1/2, PD-L1 Testing
ASCO has issued a new practice guideline update on the use of biomarkers in the management of metastatic breast cancer.1 The updated guideline revisits recommendations from the 2015 guideline and addresses topics that have emerged since then in the move toward personalized medicine in metastatic...
Sacituzumab Govitecan in Pretreated Patients With Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Endocrine-Resistant Advanced Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hope S. Rugo, MD, FASCO, and colleagues, the phase III TROPiCS-02 trial has shown a significant progression-free survival benefit with sacituzumab govitecan-hziy vs chemotherapy in previously treated patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive,...
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Increased Risk of Recurrence: 30-Month Follow-up of KEYNOTE-564
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the 30-month follow-up of the phase III KEYNOTE-564 trial showed a continued disease-free survival benefit with adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma who are at increased risk...
BCMA x CD3 Bispecific T-Cell Redirecting Antibody ABBV-383 in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In a phase I trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, D’Souza et al found that the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) x CD3 bispecific T-cell redirecting antibody ABBV-383 was active in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Study Details In the ongoing trial, 124 patients...
Wall Street Doesn’t Believe in This Target
March 2, 2009. Just published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.1 And we even got the cover. Twists and turns of heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90), the chaperone, the evolutionary capacitor. Great name and important cancer target. People smiled when I talked about this at the Hsp90 conference....
V. Craig Jordan, CMG, OBE, PhD, DSc, FMedSci, the ‘Father of Tamoxifen,’ Recounts a Life of Adventure and Science
In 2019, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II appointed V. Craig Jordan, CMG, OBE, PhD, DSc, FMedSci, Companion of the Most Distinguished order of St. Michael and St. George (CMG), honoring his extraordinary scientific work in the development of selective estrogen receptor modulators, most notably...
Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy With Weekly Cisplatin for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
When combined with radiotherapy as definitive treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, cisplatin at a dose of 40 mg/m2 weekly is noninferior to cisplatin at 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, according to the results of the ConCERT trial.1 These findings were presented by Atul...
Postmarketing Colitis Cases May Be Associated With Alpelisib Use
In a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Sullivan et al described details of postmarketing cases of noninfectious colitis in patients with breast cancer reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that were considered possibly or probably related to alpelisib treatment. Key Findings A total of...
Addition of Telaglenastat to Cabozantinib in Previously Treated Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Nizar M. Tannir, MD, FACP, and colleagues, the phase II CANTATA trial showed no improvement in progression-free survival with the addition of the glutaminase inhibitor telaglenastat to cabozantinib in previously treated patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell...
Addition of Sintilimab and Bevacizumab Biosimilar to Chemotherapy for Patients With Advanced EGFR-Mutated NSCLC and Disease Progression on EGFR Inhibitors
In an interim analysis of the Chinese phase III ORIENT-31 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lu et al found that the addition of sintilimab and the bevacizumab biosimilar IBI305 to chemotherapy prolonged progression-free survival in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated nonsquamous non–small cell ...
Is PD-L1 Expression a Good Predictor of Survival Benefit in Patients With Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer Treated With Immunotherapy?
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase III trials of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer reported in JAMA Oncology, Harry H. Yoon, MD, MS, and colleagues found that PD-L1 expression was the strongest predictor of overall survival...
DART Trial: Concurrent Radiotherapy Plus Durvalumab Active in Older Patients With Locally Advanced Lung Cancer
Interim results of a phase II study have demonstrated the safety and feasibility of treating elderly and frail patients with locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the monoclonal antibody durvalumab during and after radiation therapy, without chemotherapy. The results of a...
FDA Approves Durvalumab-Based Combination for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer
On September 2, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved durvalumab (Imfinzi) in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer. TOPAZ-1 Efficacy was evaluated in TOPAZ-1 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:...
Luspatercept for Anemia in Patients With Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Long-Term Follow-up
In a long-term follow-up of the German phase II PACE-MDS trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Uwe Platzbecker, MD, and colleagues described erythroid, neutrophil, and platelet hematologic improvement rates with luspatercept treatment for anemia in patients with lower-risk...
Novel Pembrolizumab-Based Combination Under Study in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sadeghi et al found that EphrinB2 inhibition with soluble EphB4-human serum albumin (sEphB4-HSA) plus pembrolizumab appeared to exert substantial activity in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma, particularly among patients...
New Risk Stratification System for Completely Resected Stage II or III Colorectal Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology, Kleppe et al have developed a risk stratification system using the DoMore-v1-CRC marker and pathologic staging markers that may permit many patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer to avoid adjuvant chemotherapy. As stated by the investigators, “The...
Activity Shown for Novel Immunotherapy Combination in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer
Expanded data from the phase I C-800 study showed the immunotherapy combination of botensilimab and balstilimab appeared to be active in patients with microsatellite-stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer. The findings were reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) World...
New Cervicovaginal Epigenetic Test for Screening of Suspected Endometrial Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Herzog et al have developed a simple noninvasive test for screening for suspected endometrial cancer—the Women’s Cancer Risk Identification-Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Test for Endometrial Cancer (WID-qEC)—that has shown accuracy in...
Addition of T-VEC to Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Chesney et al, the phase III MASTERKEY-265 trial has shown no significant improvement in progression-free survival or overall survival with the addition of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) to pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma. Study...
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Organ-Preserving Surgery in Early Rectal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hagen F. Kennecke, MD, MHA, and colleagues, the Canadian Cancer Trials Group phase II NEO trial has shown that 3 months of neoadjuvant chemotherapy resulted in tumor downstaging and avoidance of radical surgery in a high proportion of patients with ...
ASTRO Issues Clinical Guideline on Radiation Therapy for IDH-Mutant Glioma
A new clinical guideline from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) provides recommendations on the use of radiation therapy to treat patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant grade 2 and grade 3 diffuse glioma. Evidence-based recommendations outline the multidisciplinary...
Can Patients With Low-Risk Nasopharyngeal Cancer Be Treated Safely With Radiotherapy Alone?
Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) alone may be considered an effective treatment option for “low-risk” T1–2N1 and T3N0 nasopharyngeal carcinoma, according to trial data presented by Jun Ma, MD, MS, Professor of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China,...
Cabozantinib Prolongs Progression-Free Survival in Previously Treated Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Marcia S. Brose, MD, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, and colleagues, the phase III COSMIC-311 trial has shown that cabozantinib produced a numerically higher objective response rate and significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs...
Apatinib for Advanced Radioactive Iodine–Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
In an interim analysis of the Chinese phase III REALITY trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Lin et al found that apatinib, a highly selective VEGFR2 inhibitor, significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs placebo in patients with progressive, locally advanced or metastatic, radioactive...
FDA Approves Cabozantinib for Patients With Previously Treated Radioactive Iodine–Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
On September 17, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved cabozantinib (Cabometyx) for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer that has progressed following prior vascular endothelial growth...
Addition of Selumetinib to Adjuvant Radioactive Iodine in High-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ho et al, the phase III ASTRA trial showed no improvement in complete remission rate with the addition of selumetinib to adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) in patients with high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer. As stated by the investigators,...
Thyroidectomy With or Without Radioiodine for Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer
In the French phase III ESTIMABL2 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Leboulleux et al found that no use of radioiodine was noninferior to radioiodine ablation in the occurrence of functional, structural, or biologic events among patients undergoing thyroidectomy for low-risk...
First-Line Cisplatin Plus Gemcitabine or Fluorouracil for Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Final Overall Survival Analysis
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hong et al, the final overall survival analysis of the Chinese phase III GEM20110714 trial showed a significant benefit with gemcitabine/cisplatin vs fluorouracil/cisplatin as first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal...
Primary Transoral Surgery and Reduced-Dose Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for HPV-Positive Locally Advanced Oropharyngeal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Robert L. Ferris, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase II ECOG-ACRIN E3311 trial has shown high progression-free survival rates and good functional outcomes in patients with intermediate-risk human papillomavirus (HPV; p16)-positive locally advanced...
De-escalation of Radiation Therapy for HPV-Positive, Intermediate-Risk Oropharyngeal Cancer
De-escalated adjuvant radiotherapy appears to be safe in patients with surgically resectable, human papillomavirus (HPV)--positive oropharyngeal cancers, particularly in patients without extranodal extension or pN2 disease by American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition. These findings...
Radiotherapy Alone vs Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Low-Risk Nasopharyngeal Cancer
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in JAMA, Tang et al found that radiotherapy alone was noninferior to concurrent chemoradiotherapy in failure-free survival in patients with low-risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label multicenter trial, 341 patients were randomly assigned ...
Addition of Chemotherapy to Gefitinib in First-Line Treatment of Advanced NSCLC With EGFR Mutations
In an updated analysis of the Japanese phase III NEJ009 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Miyauchi et al found that gefitinib plus carboplatin/pemetrexed was associated with prolonged progression-free survival and progression-free survival 2—but loss of significance in overall...
Addition of Galunisertib to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
In a small phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yamazaki et al found that the TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor galunisertib appeared to show activity when added to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in previously untreated patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. As stated by the...
Blood Test Predicts Recurrence of HPV-Driven Oropharyngeal Cancer After Treatment
A blood-basedliquid biopsy may accurately predict recurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma following treatment, according to data presented at the 2022 Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancers Symposium.1 Results of the large, multi-institutional study...
Induction Chemotherapy With Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Capecitabine vs Cisplatin and Fluorouracil for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Li et al found that induction chemotherapy with paclitaxel, cisplatin, and capecitabine (TPC) prior to concurrent chemoradiation was associated with improved failure-free survival vs induction therapy with cisplatin and fluorouracil (PF) in...
Tislelizumab Plus Chemotherapy Improves Progression-Free Survival in Nasopharyngeal Cancer
The addition of the checkpoint inhibitor tislelizumab to first-line chemotherapy significantly reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 50% and, despite a 49% crossover rate, numerically boosted overall survival in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer, Zhang et al...
Head and Neck Cancer 2021–2022 Almanac
Head and neck cancer is the seventh most common cancer in the world, with 1.1 million new diagnoses reported annually.1 In the United States, the incidence of oral and pharyngeal cancers is over 54,000 cases per year, resulting in over 11,000 yearly deaths.2 Although smoking and alcohol consumption ...
Cabazitaxel in Advanced Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma
In a phase II EORTC Soft-Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Sanfilippo et al found that cabazitaxel showed activity in locally advanced, inoperable, or metastatic dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Study Details In the trial, 38 evaluable patients who had received no more...
Chronic Toxicity With Adjuvant Intensity-Modulated vs Conventional Radiation Therapy for Cervical or Endometrial Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Yeung et al, updated results of the phase III NRG Oncology RTOG 1203 trial show reduced chronic toxicity with adjuvant intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) vs conventional radiotherapy (CRT) in women with cervical or endometrial cancer. No...
Analysis of Outcomes in NCI-Sponsored Phase I Trials in Solid Tumors: 2000–2019
As reported in The Lancet by Chihara et al, analysis of outcomes in National Cancer Institute (NCI)-sponsored, investigator-initiated phase I trials in solid tumors over a 20-year period has shown a near doubling of objective response rate, with no increase in treatment-related mortality. Study...
