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Showing 2101 - 2150Effect of Recent Prior Radiotherapy on Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
In a pooled analysis of individual patient data from trials in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration database reported in JAMA Oncology, Anscher et al found that patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy within 90 days prior to the start of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment were not at...
Single-Cell Transcriptomic and Imaging Atlas of Colorectal Polyps Provides Insights for Cancer Surveillance
A team of researchers has revealed some of the mechanisms by which polyps develop into colorectal cancer, setting the framework for improved surveillance for the disease. Their study, published by Chen et al in the journal Cell, describes findings using a single-cell transcriptomic and imaging...
Does Geography Play a Role in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer in Young Black Men?
Although the incidence and mortality rates in colorectal cancer have dropped by 3.6% each year from 2007 to 2016 for people aged 55 and older—mainly because of increased colorectal cancer screening, advances in therapy, and reductions in smoking—these rates have increased by 2% each year during the ...
Trends in Population-Level Stage Shift and Mortality Among U.S. Patients With NSCLC: 2006–2016
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Raja Flores, MD, and colleagues found that a population-level shift to earlier-stage diagnosis has been accompanied by a reduction in population-level mortality during recent years in U.S. patients with non–small cell lung cancer...
Imaging Biomarker May Help to Risk-Stratify Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
A team of scientists has used artificial intelligence (AI) to identify which patients with certain head and neck cancers may benefit from reducing the intensity of treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Their findings were published by Corredor et al in the Journal of the National...
Disconnect Between Expectations and Outcomes: Major Factor in Treatment-Related Regret Among Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer
“A disconnect between patient expectations and outcomes” is a major contributor to treatment-related regret among patients with localized prostate cancer, according to a study published in JAMA Oncology.1 The disconnect, “both as it relates to treatment efficacy and adverse effects, appears to...
Comparison of Efficiency of USPSTF vs PLCO Criteria in Determining Eligibility for Lung Cancer Screening
In an interim analysis of a prospective cohort study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tammemägi et al found that the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial 2012 risk prediction model (PLCOm2012) may be more efficient than U.S. Preventive Services Task Force 2013 (USPSTF2013)...
Pretreatment Disease Burden and Outcomes With Commercial Tisagenlecleucel in Pediatric/Young Adult B-Cell ALL
In an analysis from the Pediatric Real-World Chimeric Antigen Receptor Consortium reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Schultz et al found that pretreatment high disease burden was associated with poorer outcomes in pediatric and young adult patients who received commercial...
Study Examines Global Cancer Burden From 2010 to 2019
Cancer deaths rose to 10 million and new cases jumped to over 23 million globally in 2019, according to a new study from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington School of Medicine published in JAMA Oncology. At the start of the decade in 2010, total...
Study Finds Fully Vaccinated Patients With Cancer and Breakthrough COVID-19 Infection Remain at High Risk for Severe Outcomes
A study evaluating the clinical characteristics and outcomes of fully vaccinated patients with cancer who had breakthrough COVID-19 infections indicated they remained at high risk for hospitalization and death. The report, published by Schmidt et al in Annals of Oncology, showed that fully...
Long-Term Outcomes According to Residual Cancer Burden After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
In an analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yau et al found that increasing residual cancer burden (RCB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with poorer event-free survival across breast cancer subtypes. Study Details The study included patient-level data on RCB and other clinical and ...
FDA Takes Multiple Actions to Expand Use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
On January 3, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) amended the emergency use authorization (EUA) for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to expand the use of a single booster dose to include use in individuals aged 12 to 15 years; shorten the time between the completion of primary...
MRD Response–Adapted Therapy in Patients Receiving Daratumumab, Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone Plus AHCT for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
In the phase II MASTER trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Luciano J. Costa, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that daratumumab, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (Dara-KRd) induction; autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT); and measurable residual disease (MRD) ...
Second-Line Tisagenlecleucel vs Standard of Care in Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Bishop et al, the phase III BELINDA trial showed no improvement in event-free survival with second-line tisagenlecleucel vs standard of care including salvage chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients ...
NYU Langone Opens Center Dedicated to Blood and Marrow Transplants
NYU Langone Health’s Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center opened a new state-of-the-art center to treat people with hematologic malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. The new center, led by Samer Al-Homsi, MD, MBA, Clinical Professor in the Department of Medicine and...
Daratumumab in Front-Line Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Transplant-Ineligible Multiple Myeloma: Questions Emerge From MAIA Trial
In the past decade, use of immunotherapy has arisen as a novel adjunct to multiple myeloma therapy. Daratumumab is the first anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody to be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in November 2015, for use in treating relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.1...
MAIA Trial: Daratumumab Added to Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone Improves Overall Survival in Transplant-Ineligible Multiple Myeloma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Thierry Facon, MD, of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, and colleagues, a prespecified interim analysis of overall survival in the pivotal phase III MAIA trial has shown a significant benefit with the addition of daratumumab to...
ORIENT-31: Novel Four-Drug Regimen Evaluated in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC
A four-drug combination of the anti–PD-1 antibody sintilimab, the bevacizumab biosimilar IBI305, plus pemetrexed and cisplatin chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ...
The Cancer Research Institute in Morocco: A Center of Excellence Illustrating Progress in Africa in the Age of Global Oncology
The enthusiasm behind the open access initiative sprang from the need for scientific research that is accessible to everyone worldwide. Open knowledge based on open access also aimed to increase good research practices such as reproducibility and transparency.1 This movement was launched by...
Measurable Residual Disease Kinetics: A Potential New Tool in CLL
Achieving undetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) is an important milestone in the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as well as those with other hematologic malignancies undergoing treatment. Now a small phase II study, presented at the 2021 American Society of...
Identifying Women With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Who May Benefit From Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy
Results of the phase III randomized KEYNOTE-355 trial showed that the addition of the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab to investigator’s choice of first-line chemotherapy improved progression-free and overall survival in women with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer compared with placebo and...
More Than Two Dozen SABCS Presenters Receive Research Scholarships
Several of the researchersand scientists at the 42nd annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), held December 10–14, attended the event on the basis of scholarships awarded through SABCS and its cosponsor, the American Association of Cancer Research (AACR). The goal of the scholarships is...
NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer: Panel Clarifies Role of Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
In October 2021, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) prostate caycer panel modified its guidelines (NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology [NCCN Guidelines®]) for low-risk prostate cancer to remove the word “preferred option” for active surveillance, giving equal weight to...
I Don’t Know Why I Got Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Throughout my adolescence and early adulthood, I had been plagued with digestive issues, including bouts of gastritis and constipation, which seemed normal for me and wasn’t too concerning. But by the time I turned 30, in 2015, the acid reflux I had been experiencing became so frequent and...
Solving the Conundrum of Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Although research so far has failed to uncover the root causes of the development of young-onset colorectal cancer, what is certain is that although colorectal cancer rates are declining in older adults, they are on a steady rise in people younger than age 50, especially those between the ages of...
Positive Practice Changes After the COVID-19 Pandemic: From the Advanced Practice Provider Perspective
The COVID-19 pandemic may have changed some aspects of health care forever. At the 2021 JADPRO Live Virtual event, a panel discussion focused on how several cancer centers faced challenges, and what changes the participants view as positive.1 JADPRO Live is an annual educational conference for...
WHO Launches a New Classification System for Pediatric Tumors, Incorporating Morphology, Immunohistochemistry Analysis, and Molecular Characteristics
A review article by Pfister et al published in Cancer Discovery summarizes the inaugural classification of pediatric tumors soon to be published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as part of the new World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors series, including an online ...
Effect of TP53 Alterations on Outcomes of CD19-Targeted CAR T-Cell Therapy for Patients With Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In a single-center retrospective study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shouval et al found that the presence of TP53 alterations was associated with poorer outcomes in patients treated with CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy (CD19–CAR-T) for relapsed or...
Impact of Small Cell Undifferentiated Histology on Outcomes in Pediatric Hepatoblastoma
In an analysis from the Children’s Oncology Group study AHEP0731 reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Trobaugh-Lotrario et al found that the presence of small cell undifferentiated histology elements did not appear to adversely affect outcomes in pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma....
FDA Approves Abatacept-Based Combination for Prophylaxis of Acute Graft-vs-Host Disease
On December 15, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved abatacept (Orencia) for the prophylaxis of acute graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), in combination with a calcineurin inhibitor and methotrexate, in adults and pediatric patients aged 2 years and older undergoing hematopoietic stem...
Masayuki Umeda, MD, on Pediatric AML: Identifying a Key Subtype-Defining Lesion
Masayuki Umeda, MD, of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, discusses his research which showed that UBTF-TD (upstream binding transcription factor-tandem duplications) define a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia that previously lacked a clear oncogenic driver. UBTF-TD is associated with...
Global Burden of Cancer in Adolescent and Young Adult Patients in 2019
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, researchers working collectively as the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Collaborators identified cancer incidence and mortality rates in 2019 among individual aged 15 to 39 years globally and according to country...
POLARIX: Pola-R-CHP vs R-CHOP for Previously Untreated Patients With DLBCL
The POLARIX study found patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) had a significantly higher likelihood of survival without disease progression 2 years after receiving a new drug combination known as pola-R-CHP (polatuzumab vedotin-piiq with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and...
Study Examines Socioeconomic Status and Cervical Cancer Incidence in New York City
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Cham et al found that cervical cancer incidence increased with decreasing socioeconomic status index scores across neighborhoods in New York City (NYC). Study Details The population-based, cross-sectional study included data on women...
ZUMA-7 Primary Analysis: Second-Line Axicabtagene Ciloleucel Quadruples Event-Free Survival in Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In the primary analysis of the phase III ZUMA-7 trial, the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy axicabtagene ciloleucel led to a fourfold increase in event-free survival over the standard of care in the second-line treatment of relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma, according to...
Study Identifies Factors for Severe COVID-19 Illness Among Patients With Acute Leukemia or MDS
In separate analyses of 257 patients with acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who developed COVID-19 and are part of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) RC COVID-19 Registry for Hematology, both neutropenia and having active MDS or leukemia (vs being in remission) were found to...
European OnCovid Registry Analysis of Time-Dependent COVID-19 Mortality in Patients With Cancer
As reported in JAMA Oncology by researchers from the OnCovid Study Group, an updated analysis of the European OnCovid registry indicated that mortality due to COVID-19 infection has decreased over time for patients with cancer during the pandemic. Study Details The study included real-world data on ...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment in Patients Aged 65 and Older With Advanced Melanoma: Association Between Sex and Survival
In a study reported in JAMA Network Open, Jang et al found that women with advanced melanoma receiving combination immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy with nivolumab/ipilimumab as their most recent immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (all with prior ipilimumab treatment) had a poorer survival...
Isatuximab/RVd Meets Primary Endpoint of MRD Negativity for Newly Diagnosed, Transplant-Eligible Patients With Multiple Myeloma
For the first-line treatment of newly diagnosed, transplant-eligible patients with multiple myeloma, the achievement of measurable residual disease (MRD) negativity was significantly greater when the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody isatuximab was added to the standard three-drug induction regimen of...
ASH RC COVID-19 Registry for Hematology: Risk Factors for Hospitalization and Death Among Patients With Hematologic Malignancies Infected With COVID-19
Patients with blood cancers, particularly those with more advanced disease, are at increased risk for serious COVID-19 outcomes, including an elevated chance of severe illness or death from infection, according to an analysis of more than 1,000 patients in the ASH Research Collaborative (RC)...
Ivosidenib/Azacitidine vs Azacitidine Alone in Patients With Newly Diagnosed IDH1-Mutated AML
In the phase III AGILE trial, the combination of ivosidenib and azacitidine was found to be superior in treating newly diagnosed patients with IDH1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared to azacitidine alone in terms of event-free survival, the study’s primary endpoint. The combination also...
Antibody Response to Second Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Patients With AML and MDS
In one of the largest studies to date of the antibody response to vaccination against COVID-19 in people who had been treated for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), patients responded well to two doses of the Moderna mRNA vaccine and saw a pronounced increase in levels ...
Activity of Mosunetuzumab in Pretreated Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Follicular Lymphoma
The bispecific antibody mosunetuzumab achieved deep and durable remissions as monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma who had received two or more prior lines of therapy, according to pivotal results of a phase I/II trial presented at the 2021 American Society of...
Study Reveals Underrepresentation of AYA Hispanic Patients in a Large ALL Clinical Trial
A study of U.S. adolescent and young adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) found that Hispanic patients were significantly underrepresented in a large clinical trial compared with the general patient population. The study, presented by Muffly et al at the 2021 American Society of...
Outcomes Among Pediatric and Young Adult Patients With ALL Differ By Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status
A study of nearly 25,000 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) aged up to 30 years old revealed significant gaps in survival rates between White, Hispanic, and Black patients, as well as worse outcomes among those of lower socioeconomic status. Biologic or genetic factors accounted for...
Expect Questions on Use of Low-Dose Aspirin to Help Prevent Colorectal Cancer
Following a review of new data and additional analyses of previous data concerning colorectal cancer, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) “concluded the evidence is inadequate that low-dose aspirin use reduces colorectal cancer incidence or mortality.”1 Consequently, a draft...
Update on the Role of Low-Dose Aspirin in Colorectal Cancer Prevention
Updating its 2016 recommendation on the use of aspirin to prevent cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issued a draft recommendation statement. It noted the potential harms of daily aspirin, with the most serious being bleeding in the...
The High Price of Pain
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from 1999 to 2019, nearly 247,000 people died from overdoses involving prescription opioids in the United States. According to the CDC, the problem can be broken into three waves. The first began with an increase in prescribing...
Early Operation With General Anesthesia
The text and photograph here are excerpted from a four-volume series of books titled Oncology: Tumors & Treatment, A Photographic History, The Anesthesia Era 1845–1875 by Stanley B. Burns, MD, FACS, and Elizabeth A. Burns. The photograph appears courtesy of Stanley B. Burns, MD, and The Burns...
The History of Medical Oncology in Europe, 1955–1985
In part 1 of this two-part review, we looked at early pioneers in the field of medical oncology in Europe, as well as the development of international cooperative trials and the formation of European oncology societies (see related articles below). In part 2, we explore how the field of medical...
