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Showing 7501 - 7550Nodal Irradiation in Node-Positive Breast Cancer: It Is Not Time to Change Practice
Management of the regional nodes in breast cancer has evolved from the era of the extended radical mastectomy to exclusion of axillary dissection in appropriately selected patients. Throughout this evolution, studies of nodal irradiation have been shown to improve locoregional control, usually...
Regional Nodal Irradiation in Early Breast Cancer Yields Significant Disease-Free Survival Benefit in Two Trials
Two phase III trials recently reported in The New England Journal of Medicine indicated that the addition of regional nodal irradiation was associated with no or marginal overall survival benefit but significantly improved disease-free survival in patients with early-stage breast cancer.1,2 NCIC...
Reducing Racial Disparities in Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality Trends to Improve Outcomes
A recent report by DeSantis and colleagues from the American Cancer Society, summarized in this issue of The ASCO Post, presented breast cancer incidence and mortality data from an extensive analysis of the U.S. system of state-based tumor registries.1 The data showed that the incidence of breast...
Cobimetinib in BRAF-Mutant Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma in Combination With Vemurafenib
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs On November 10, 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration...
Trabectedin in Liposarcoma/Leiomyosarcoma: The Drug Is Approved, Now the Real Drug Development Begins!
Led by George Demetri, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, expert medical oncology investigators from leading academic sarcoma centers and Janssen Pharmaceuticals employees performed a phase III trial in order to provide evidence for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of...
Improved Progression-Free Survival With Trabectedin vs Dacarbazine After Chemotherapy Failure in Liposarcoma or Leiomyosarcoma
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, George D. Demetri, MD, of Harvard Medical School and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and colleagues found that treatment with trabectedin (Yondelis) significantly improved progression-free survival vs dacarbazine in patients...
Molecularly Targeted Therapy Brings New Hope to Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Hairy Cell Leukemia
The treatment of hairy cell leukemia is one of the great success stories in hematologic malignancies, with patients now having a survival that is only slightly inferior to an age-matched normal population. Purine analogs, such as cladribine, are the mainstay of first-line therapy, with...
Clinical Trial Design in Older Patients
Geriatrics for the Oncologist is guest edited by Stuart Lichtman, MD, FACP, FASCO, and developed in collaboration with the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG). Visit SIOG.org for more on geriatric oncology. Increasing age is directly associated with an increasing risk of cancer,...
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Appears to Have No Effect on Short-Term Outcomes in Breast Cancer Surgery
Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy within 30 days prior to breast cancer surgery did not appear to be at increased risk for overall postoperative complications, according to a study presented at the 2015 Breast Cancer Symposium.1 “Although on unadjusted analysis there were more...
Tumor Profiling of Breast Tumors in Older Patients Reveals Differences From Those of Younger Patients
Using multiplatform profiling, researchers have identified potentially targetable biomarker aberrations in a large cohort of geriatric breast tumors.1 According to the study, presented at the 2015 Breast Cancer Symposium, these data may help researchers to design clinical trials focusing on...
Olanzapine Significantly Reduces Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
The addition of olanzapine to standard antiemetics significantly reduced chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy, according to Rudolph M. Navari, MD, PhD, and colleagues. “As far as I know, this is the first trial that looked at no nausea as the ...
Mohamed Bentires-Alj, PharmD, PhD, Honored With 2015 AACR Outstanding Investigator Award for Breast Cancer Research
Mohamed Bentires-Alj, PharmD, PhD, was recognized with the 8th Annual American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Outstanding Investigator Award for Breast Cancer Research, funded by Susan G. Komen. He received the award at the 2015 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. The AACR Outstanding...
‘Substantial Number’ of Patients Requiring Palliative Radiotherapy for Stage IV NSCLC Are Overtreated
An analysis of data from 46,803 patients with stage IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received palliative chest radiation therapy found that 49% received radiotherapy for longer than 15 fractions, and 28% received more than 25 fractions. This treatment pattern “is inconsistent with the...
Women Coinfected With Human Papillomavirus Had Reduced Risk for Invasive Cervical Cancer
Women co-infected with low-risk and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) had a reduced risk for invasive squamous cervical carcinoma and a longer time to progression than did women infected with high-risk human papillomavirus alone, according to a Swedish study published in the Journal of the...
Better Quality of Life With Melphalan and Prednisone Used With Lenalidomide Than With Thalidomide
A phase III Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) trial (E1A060) comparing melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide (Thalomid) with melphalan, prednisone, and lenalidomide (Revlimid) in elderly patients with untreated multiple myeloma found that at the end of the induction period, patients...
Expect Questions About Prostate Cancer Screening and Active Surveillance
A study finding that the incidence of prostate cancer has declined in recent years may at first seem like good news to physicians and patients, but, as widely reported by the media, the decline is not seen as an indication that prostate cancer has become less prevalent, but that screening for it...
Decline in PSA Testing and Incidence of Early Prostate Cancer Coincide With 2012 Recommendation Against PSA Screening
Two recent studies1,2 found that the rates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening have declined since the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended against PSA screening in 2012. One of those studies additionally found that the incidence of early-stage prostate cancer also...
Beautiful Imperfections
The ASCO Post is pleased to reproduce installments of the “Art of Oncology” as published previously in the Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO). These articles focus on the experience of suffering from cancer or of caring for people diagnosed with cancer, and they include narratives, topical essays,...
Perceptions of End-of-Life Care Differ Sharply Between African Americans and White Americans
Studies demonstrate that patients with advanced cancer who are not actively engaged in planning their end-of-life care often receive overly aggressive, physically taxing, costly and unnecessary treatment toward life’s end. Recent findings indicate that African Americans appear to be more apt to...
SIOG Annual Conference Explores Global Perspectives on Geriatric Oncology and Supportive Care
The 15th Annual Conference of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) took place in Prague, Czech Republic, over 3 days (November 12–14, 2015). At the heart of the meeting were presentations on supportive care, comprehensive geriatric assessment and treatment—so that we fully...
Cancer Survivor Suleika Jaouad Opens AACI/CCAF Annual Meeting, Susan Dentzer Moderates Discussion
Suleika Jaouad was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia at age 22, shortly after her graduation from Princeton University. She is a columnist for The New York Times Well blog, “Life Interrupted,” which chronicles her journey as a young woman living with cancer. Ms....
Are Academic Cancer Centers a National Treasure?
The Association of American Cancer Institutes (AACI) is developing a marketing campaign to highlight the value of academic cancer centers to their communities and the nation. Called “The Academic Difference,” the 2-year campaign is the initiative of AACI President George J. Weiner, MD, Director of...
ASH Honors Baseball Hall of Famer With Outstanding Service Award
The American Society of Hematology (ASH) recognized Rod Carew, Baseball Hall of Famer and Advocate for the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP)/Be the Match, at the 57th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition in Orlando, Florida, for his outstanding support of biomedical research and the practice of...
2015 NCI Outstanding Investigator Award Recipients
The first class of National Cancer Institute (NCI) Outstanding Investigator Award recipients showcases the cutting edge of oncologic research and the 43 investigators behind it. NCI’s Outstanding Investigator Award supports accomplished leaders in cancer research, who are providing significant...
Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Elderly: Trial Data Stir Hope for the Transplant Option
Older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have high relapse rates after induction chemotherapy, low survival rates, and fewer treatment options compared with younger patients. One of the options for both younger and older patients is hematopoietic cell transplantation, but relatively few...
A: Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System
Question 1: Based on the rationale for the current “standard of care” for primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS, what is the optimal induction therapy? Correct Answer: C. A high-dose methotrexate–based regimen. Expert Perspective Untreated primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS ...
Q: Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System
The ASCO Post is pleased to present Hematology Expert Review, an occasional feature that includes a case report detailing a particular hematologic condition followed by questions. Answers to each question appear on page 84 with expert commentary. In the November 10 issue of The ASCO Post, part 2 of ...
Selected Abstracts From 2015 ASH Annual Meeting
Here are several abstracts selected from the proceedings of this year’s American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition, highlighting therapeutics in acute leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes. For full details of these study abstracts, visit...
Necitumumab in Metastatic Squamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On November 24, 2015, necitumumab (Portrazza) was approved for use ...
Surgical Excision Without Radiation Therapy in Women With Low-Risk Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Lawrence J. Solin, MD, of Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, and colleagues reported the 12-year results from the ECOG-ACRIN E5194 trial in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Among women with ductal carcinoma in situ with low-risk clinical and pathologic characteristics, they found...
Phase III Trials Fail to Show Noninferiority of Surgical Outcome for Laparoscopic vs Open Resection in Rectal Cancer
Two phase III trials, reported in JAMA by James Fleshman, MD, of Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, and colleagues1 and Andrew R. Stevenson, MBBS, FRACS, of the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, and colleagues,2 failed to show noninferiority of surgical outcome for laparoscopic...
Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer Improves Survival—in Taiwan
A large study presented at the 2015 European Cancer Congress in Vienna found that patients with advanced oropharyngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer had improved survival if their primary treatment included surgery.1 The caveat is that these patients were treated in Taiwan, and the results may not be...
Nivolumab as Single-Agent Treatment for BRAF V600 Wild-Type Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On November 24, 2015, nivolumab (Opdivo) was approved for use as...
Expert Point of View: Karen Ballen, MD
This is a group of patients who have not done very well over the years. The cure rate for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is over 90%, whereas this group of patients (ie, aged 18–50) typically has a 5-year survival of 40% to 50%. Use of pediatric regimens has boosted that survival, ...
Pediatric Regimen Achieves Higher-Than-Expected Survival in Young Adults With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Adolescents and younger adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had superior outcomes on a “pediatric” regimen compared with adult treatment protocols. A multicenter phase II study included patients aged 18–50, extending the upper limit of “younger,” since most other trials of this approach...
Expert Point of View: Nikolai Podoltsev, MD, PhD
Both the concept of an antibody-drug conjugate combined with less-intensive chemotherapy and the actual regimen used in this study are exciting, according to Nikolai Podoltsev, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Division of Hematology, Yale University Medical Center, New Haven, Connecticut. “This has...
Promising Upfront Combination in Older Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Frontline treatment with the antibody-drug conjugate inotuzumab ozogamicin plus deintensified chemotherapy is a promising option for older patients with Philadelphia chromosome–negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Phase II results suggest that this combination has the ability to improve...
Nivolumab in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma After Antiangiogenic Therapy
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On November 23, 2015, nivolumab (Opdivo) was approved for use in...
Midostaurin: A New Standard of Care in Acute Myeloid Leukemia?
Upfront treatment with midostaurin added to standard chemotherapy improved survival compared with placebo plus chemotherapy in high-risk patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by FLT3 mutations. No new drugs have been approved for AML since 1990, and midostaurin is the first...
Ibrutinib Bests Standard of Care for Elderly Patients With CLL
First-line treatment with the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib (Imbruvica) significantly reduced the risk of dying or disease progression compared with chlorambucil (Leukeran) in older treatment-naive patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in the RESONATE-2 trial. At the time...
Adjuvant Denosumab Improves Disease-Free Survival in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Postmenopausal Breast Cancer
There is good news about denosumab (Prolia). The primary analysis of the ABCSG-18 trial showed that adjuvant denosumab (given at low doses) reduces the risk of clinical fracture by 50% in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer who are taking an aromatase inhibitor.1 More good news is that...
New Study Suggests Benefits of Regular Mammography Extend to the Elderly
Breast cancer afflicts 1 in 8 women in their lifetime, and 1 in 25 die from this disease. Although a number of randomized trials have demonstrated the clear benefits of mammography screening in women up to age 74 on reducing mortality, data are sparse in women over age 74, especially among...
National Cancer Database Study Indicates Racial Differences in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Use in Women With Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Killelea et al found that chemotherapy, particularly neoadjuvant chemotherapy, was more frequently given to black, Hispanic, and Asian women vs white women with stage I to III breast cancer, with the difference largely attributable to more...
Tumor Tissue Specimens and Associated Analyses Appear to Be a Significant Barrier to Clinical Trial Enrollment
The requirement for tumor tissue specimens and associated analyses in order to participate in clinical trials appears to be a significant barrier to clinical trial enrollment and may delay treatment. Potential solutions to reducing or eliminating these barriers include routine tissue banking at...
Study Finds Cardiovascular Disease Is Prevalent and Often Asymptomatic in Childhood Cancer Survivors
Although historically the leading cause of death among survivors of childhood cancer has been cancer recurrence, adverse late effects of cancer therapy have become the leading cause of death 30 years after diagnosis, and those deaths are frequently attributed to premature cardiovascular disease,...
Adding Ibrutinib to Bendamustine/Rituximab May Increase Progression-Free Survival in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia or Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
In the phase III HELIOS trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Chanan-Khan et al found that the addition of the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib (Imbruvica) to bendamustine (Treanda)/rituximab (Rituxan) increased progression-free survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic ...
Study Reports Improved Survival With Lapatinib and CapeOx in Asian and Younger Patients With HER2-Positive Advanced Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma
In a phase III trial (TRIO-013/LOGiC) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hecht et al found that the addition of lapatinib (Tykerb) to capecitabine-oxaliplatin (CapeOx) in patients with previously untreated HER2-amplified advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma did not improve overall...
Patient-Reported Outcomes With Adjuvant Anastrozole vs Tamoxifen in Postmenopausal Women With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
As reported in The Lancet and at the recent San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, Ganz et al found differences in patient-reported outcomes with anastrozole vs tamoxifen in the phase III National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-35 trial in postmenopausal women with hormone...
ESMO Asia 2015: Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy Provide New Options for Difficult-to-Treat Head and Neck Cancer
Novel strategies are being explored for difficult-to-treat and advanced head and neck cancer—the most heterogeneous group of malignancies that are generally associated with poor survival—and encouraging results have been presented in two trials at the first European Society for Medical...
Characterization of Pathogenic Mutations in Melanoma Progression
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Shain et al identified the order of occurrence of mutations in the progression of melanoma as well as characterized point mutation burden and chromosomal instability during disease evolution. Study Details The study involved sequencing...
