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Showing 5251 - 5300Although Evidence Is Clear That Lung Cancer Screening Saves Lives, Adoption Rates Remain Low
The findings of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), reported in 2011, revealed that participants who received low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) scans had a 20% lower risk of dying of lung cancer than participants who received standard chest x-rays. Despite these results,...
Does Lymphadenectomy Improve Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer?
In the international phase III LION study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Harter et al found that lymphadenectomy did not improve progression-free or overall survival vs no lymphadenectomy in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Study Details The trial enrolled 647 women with...
FDA Pipeline: Updates on Treatments for Cervical Cancer, Myelofibrosis, Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting, and More
The FDA recently issued announcements on a Fast Track designation, a Priority Review, two supplemental new drug applications, an investigational new drug application, and a marketing clearance. The agency also released a safety communication on cancer-related surgery. Fast Track Designation for...
Addition of Lomustine to Temozolomide and Radiotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma With Methylated MGMT Promoter
In a German phase III trial (CeTeG/NOA–09) reported in The Lancet, Herrlinger et al found that the addition of adjuvant lomustine to temozolomide and radiotherapy improved overall survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma with methylated MGMT promoter. The researchers noted that findings...
First-Line Treatment of Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma or Mantle Cell Lymphoma With Bendamustine/Rituximab vs R-CHOP or R-CVP
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Flinn et al, 5-year follow-up of the phase III BRIGHT trial has shown improved outcomes with first-line bendamustine/rituximab vs R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) or R-CVP (rituximab plus...
More Data Show Small Benefit From Extended Endocrine Therapy
Two studies presented at the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium validated a small benefit of extending adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy beyond thestandard 5 years for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. In a meta-analysis of 24,912 patients from 12...
Does Adjuvant Denosumab Improve DFS in Postmenopausal Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Receiving Aromatase Inhibitors?
As reported by Gnant et al in The Lancet Oncology, disease-free survival (DFS) was improved with adjuvant denosumab vs placebo in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive, early-stage breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor treatment. A primary analysis of the phase III...
ARAMIS Trial Reports Darolutamide Improves Outcomes in High-Risk Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer
Darolutamide—an investigational androgen receptor inhibitor—significantly improved metastasis-free survival in men with high-risk nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer vs placebo in the large phase III ARAMIS trial.1 Men treated with darolutamide had a median metastasis-free survival...
Pembrolizumab/Axitinib Combination Improves Outcomes vs Sunitinib in Kidney Cancer
The checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab plus the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tyrosine kinase inhibitor axitinib significantly improved overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rates vs sunitinib as first-line therapy for clear cell metastatic renal cell...
Stereotactic Ablative vs Standard Radiotherapy in Inoperable Stage I NSCLC
In the phase III TROG 09.02 CHISEL trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ball et al found that stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy improved local disease control vs standard radiotherapy in peripherally located, inoperable stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The open-label trial ...
FDA Approves Trastuzumab and Hyaluronidase-oysk for Subcutaneous Injection in Certain HER2-Positive Breast Cancers
On February 28, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved trastuzumab and hyaluronidase-oysk (Herceptin Hylecta) for subcutaneous injection for the treatment of certain patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer (node-positive, or node-negative and estrogen receptor/progesterone...
Addition of Radium-223 to Abiraterone Acetate and Prednisone or Prednisolone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the phase III ERA 223 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Smith et al found that the addition of radium-223 to abiraterone acetate and prednisone or prednisolone did not improve symptomatic skeletal event-free survival and was associated with increased risk of fracture in patients with...
AACR 2019: Survey Finds Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Is Often Misdiagnosed, Treated at Later Stages
A recent study by the American Cancer Society (ACS) has found that while colorectal cancer incidence in the United States is rapidly declining overall, colorectal cancer rates are increasing among young adults. According to the study, compared with adults born in the 1950s, those born in the 1990s...
Addition of Docetaxel to Hormone Therapy in High-Risk Prostate Cancer With Rising PSA Levels
In a French phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Oudard et al found that the addition of docetaxel to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) did not improve prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression-free survival in men with high-risk prostate cancer with rising PSA after primary local therapy. ...
FDA Approves Trifluridine/Tipiracil for Recurrent, Metastatic Gastric and GEJ Adenocarcinoma
On February 22, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved trifluridine/tipiracil tablets (Lonsurf)—a fixed combination of trifluridine, a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor, and tipiracil, a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor—for adult patients with metastatic gastric or...
First-Line Ibrutinib/Rituximab Combination Shows Benefit for Younger Patients With CLL
FIRST-LINE therapy with the combination of ibrutinib and rituximab reduced disease progression by two-thirds compared with standard chemotherapy using fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) in younger patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to the late-breaking...
Luspatercept May Reduce the Need for Transfusion in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes
IN THE RANDOMIZED, double-blind, phase III MEDALIST trial, the experimental drug luspatercept significantly reduced the need for frequent red blood cell transfusions in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and ring sideroblasts. With luspatercept, 37.8% of patients remained...
Front-Line Ibrutinib Improves Progression-Free Survival in Older Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
IN A PHASE III TRIAL reported during the Plenary Session at the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition and published in The New England Journal of Medicine, single-agent ibrutinib and ibrutinib/rituximab were associated with superior progression-free survival vs...
Conference Highlights From the 2018 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting & Exposition
In sunny San Diego, the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition welcomed nearly 30,000 attendees who were eager to present, learn, network, and cheer the joint achievements of many researchers. The packed meeting was filled with important information from...
Pembrolizumab in Combination With Chemotherapy in First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Squamous NSCLC
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On October 30, 2018, pembrolizumab in combination with...
JCO Fast Track Presubmission, Rapid Review Programs Shorten Publication Time
THE JOURNAL of Clinical Oncology’s (JCO) author-friendly submission programs are taking time off the publication process for health-care professionals. JCO’s quick review process programs, Fast Track Presubmission and Rapid Review, aim to make the journal submission and review process easier for...
Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer Expands, but Concerns Persist About Patient Selection and Toxicities
SOME PATIENTS with advanced head and neck cancer may achieve durable responses with immunotherapy, and recent trial results suggest first-line immunotherapy may increase survival among patients with recurrent or metastatic disease. However, concerns remain about selecting patients most likely to...
Update on FDA-Approved CAR T-Cell Products
TISAGENLECLEUCEL IS an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell product approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat selected hematologic malignancies.1,2 To appreciate the clinical trial findings summarized here, from selected abstracts presented at the 2018 American Society of...
Highlights From the 2018 ASH Annual Meeting & Exposition
TO ADD to our ongoing coverage of the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, we bring readers of The ASCO Post these summaries of an assortment of interesting studies. They focus on novel therapies under investigation in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic...
Expert Point of View: Michael J. Overman, MD
INVITED STUDY discussant Michael J. Overman, MD, Professor of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, is a co-investigator on CheckMate 142, which led to the approval of another immunotherapy doublet—nivolumab plus ipilimumab—in patients...
Durvalumab and Tremelimumab Combination Active in Refractory Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer
THE COMBINATION of durvalumab and tremelimumab prolonged median overall survival by 2.5 months compared with best supportive care alone in patients with advanced treatment-refractory colorectal cancer. These findings, which are from the randomized phase II Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG) CO.26...
Expert Point of View: Andrew X. Zhu, MD, PhD
ANDREW X. ZHU, MD, PhD, of Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, noted that Prep-02/ JSAP-05 is the first study to show the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, the findings are applicable only to Asian ...
Emerging Role for Neoadjuvant Treatment of Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
SEVERAL STUDIES presented at the 2019 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium evaluated the benefits of neoadjuvant treatment in patients with pancreatic cancer—and in patients deemed fully resectable, not just “borderline” resectable.1-3 Although the standard of care for resectable pancreatic ductal...
Daratumumab, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Outcomes From the MAIA Trial
In patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are not eligible for stem cell transplantation, the addition of daratumumab to lenalidomide and dexamethasone significantly reduced the risk of death or disease progression by 44%, according to a late-breaking abstract presentation by Thierry...
Patient-Reported Outcomes With Enzalutamide in PROSPER Trial
As reported by Tombal et al in The Lancet Oncology, treatment with enzalutamide was associated with clinically meaningful delays in pain progression, symptom worsening, and deterioration in functional status vs placebo in the phase III PROSPER trial in nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate...
2019 GU Cancers Symposium: First-Line Pembrolizumab Plus Axitinib vs Sunitinib in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported at the 2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium (Abstract 543) and in The New England Journal of Medicine, Rini et al found significant benefits in overall and progression-free survival with the combination of pembrolizumab plus axitinib vs sunitinib in the first-line treatment of advanced...
Adherence to Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer in Black Women and White Women
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Stephanie B. Wheeler, MPH, PhD, of the Department of Health Policy and Management, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and colleagues found that black women reported nonadherence to endocrine therapy for breast cancer more ...
No Survival Benefit With Avelumab vs Docetaxel in Platinum-Treated, Advanced, PD-L1–Positive NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Fabrice Barlesi, MD, and colleagues, the phase III JAVELIN Lung 200 trial has shown no overall survival benefit with avelumab vs docetaxel in patients with platinum pretreated programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)–positive advanced non–small cell lung cancer ...
Increased Risk of Bone Loss Extends to Younger Women Treated for Breast Cancer
Younger women who have been treated for breast cancer have a higher risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis than do their cancer-free peers, and that risk seems to rise when treatment involves chemotherapy plus hormone therapy or aromatase inhibitors alone. Researchers from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg...
Addition of First-Line Ramucirumab to Cisplatin and Fluoropyrimidine in Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
In the phase III RAINFALL trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fuchs et al found no apparent benefit of the addition of the VEGFR-2 inhibitor ramucirumab to first-line cisplatin and fluoropyrimidine treatment in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Study Details The...
Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, on Urothelial Carcinoma: Results From the RANGE Trial on Ramucirumab and Docetaxel
Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, of Queen Mary University of London, discusses phase III study findings on ramucirumab plus docetaxel vs placebo plus docetaxel in patients with advanced platinum-refractory urothelial carcinoma (Abstract 353).
Brian I. Rini, MD, on Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results From the TIVO-3 Trial on Tivozanib vs Sorafenib
Brian I. Rini, MD, of the Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, discusses phase III findings on a comparison of tivozanib and sorafenib in patients with refractory advanced renal cell carcinoma (Abstract 541).
Silke Gillessen, MD, on Prostate Cancer: Results From the REDUSE Trial on Denosumab
Silke Gillessen, MD, of Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, discusses data from a phase III study on the incidence of hypocalcemia in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with denosumab. The trial was designed to assess prevention of symptomatic skeletal events with denosumab...
Ignacio Duran, MD, PhD, on Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results From the METEOR Trial on Cabozantinib vs Everolimus
Ignacio Duran, MD, PhD, of the Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, discusses an overall survival analysis of the phase III METEOR trial of cabozantinib vs everolimus in advanced renal cell carcinoma (Abstract 550).
Brian C. Baumann, MD, on Bladder Cancer: Trial Results on Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy vs Adjuvant Radiotherapy Alone
Brian C. Baumann, MD, of Washington University School of Medicine, discusses phase III study findings on adjuvant sequential chemotherapy plus radiotherapy vs adjuvant radiotherapy alone for locally advanced bladder cancer after radical cystectomy (Abstract 351).
Karim Fizazi, MD, PhD, on Prostate Cancer: Results From the LATITUDE Trial on Abiraterone Acetate Plus Prednisone
Karim Fizazi, MD, PhD, of the University of Paris-Sud and Gustave Roussy, discusses final phase III findings on men with newly diagnosed, high-risk, metastatic, castration-naive prostate cancer who were treated with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone added to androgen-deprivation therapy (Abstract ...
2019 GU Cancers Symposium: Adjuvant Sequential Chemotherapy Plus Radiotherapy vs Radiotherapy Alone for Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer
A phase III Egyptian trial presented by Zaghloul et al (Abstract 351) at the 2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium focused on the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer treated with postoperative radiotherapy. Researchers compared postoperative radiotherapy ...
2019 GU Cancers Symposium: ARAMIS: Darolutamide in Nonmetastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the phase III ARAMIS trial reported by Fizazi et al at the 2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium (Abstract 140) and simultaneously published in The New England Journal of Medicine, researchers found that the androgen receptor antagonist darolutamide significantly prolonged metastasis-free...
FDA Approves Adjuvant Pembrolizumab for Melanoma
On February 15, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pembrolizumab (Keytruda) for the adjuvant treatment of patients with melanoma with lymph node involvement following complete resection. Approval was based on the phase III EORTC1325/KEYNOTE-054 trial, a randomized, double-blind,...
FDA Pipeline: Priority Reviews in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Head and Neck Cancer
Over the past week, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted multiple Priority Reviews: Pembrolizumab in Combination With Axitinib as First-Line Treatment for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Today, the FDA accepted and granted Priority Review for a new supplemental biologics license...
Gastric Acid Suppressants May Reduce Survival Outcomes in Patients With Sarcoma Treated With Pazopanib
It is estimated that 20% to 33% of patients undergoing cancer treatment are concomitantly using a gastric acid suppressant, most commonly a proton pump inhibitor (including omeprazole and esomeprazole magnesium) or a histamine H2-receptor blocker (such as ranitidine). A study by Mir et al...
New Approach to Predicting Response to Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab in Breast Cancer
In the phase II TBCRC026 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Connolly et al found that early changes in tumor maximum standardized uptake values corrected for lean body mass (SULmax) on [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) were...
Alisertib vs Investigator’s Choice in Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
In the phase III Lumiere trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, O’Connor et al found that the Aurora A kinase inhibitor alisertib did not improve outcomes vs investigator’s choice of single-agent treatment in relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Study...
Adjuvant Gemcitabine Plus Oxaliplatin vs Surveillance in Resected Biliary Tract Cancer
In a French phase III trial (PRODIGE 12-ACCORD 18-UNICANCER GI) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Edeline et al found that adjuvant gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin (GEMOX) did not significantly improve relapse-free survival vs surveillance following resection for localized biliary tract...
2019 GU Cancers Symposium: KEYNOTE-426: Pembrolizumab Plus Axitinib vs Sunitinib in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Results from the randomized, phase III KEYNOTE-426 clinical trial show that first-line therapy with a combination of pembrolizumab and axitinib extended both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with clear cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma compared with the...
