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Showing 4351 - 4400Overall Survival With Encorafenib Plus Binimetinib vs Vemurafenib in Advanced BRAF-Mutant Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Dummer et al, the phase III COLUMBUS trial has shown a significant improvement in overall survival with the combination of the BRAF inhibitor encorafenib and the MEK inhibitor binimetinib vs vemurafenib in patients with advanced BRAF V600–mutant melanoma. ...
WCLC 2018: ALTA-1L Trial: Brigatinib vs Crizotinib in Advanced ALK-Positive NSCLC
As reported at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 19th World Conference on Lung Cancer (Abstract PL02.03) and in the The New England Journal of Medicine by Camidge et al, an interim analysis of the phase III ALTA-1L trial has shown improved progression-free...
WCLC 2018: PACIFIC Trial: Overall Survival With Durvalumab After Chemoradiotherapy in Unresectable Stage III NSCLC
As reported at the current International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 19th World Conference on Lung Cancer (Abstract PL02.01) and in The New England Journal of Medicine by Antonia et al, the phase III PACIFIC trial has shown significantly improved overall survival—a...
David J. Sugarbaker, MD, Pioneer in Thoracic Surgery, Mesothelioma, Dies at 65
DAVID J. SUGARBAKER, MD, was an internationally recognized thoracic surgeon who specialized in the treatment of mesothelioma and complex thoracic cancers. To be recognized as first in a medical finding or procedure is a rare honor; Dr. Sugarbaker received that honor twice, being the first to...
Omission of Axillary Dissection in Early Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Monica Morrow, MD, of the Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues found that surgeon acceptance of more limited surgery in early breast cancer was more likely among high-volume surgeons and those preferring ...
Second Allogeneic HCT vs Donor Lymphocyte Infusion in Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia
In a retrospective registry study reported in JAMA Oncology, Mohamad Mohty, MD, PhD, of Hôpital Saint Antoine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, and colleagues found no overall survival difference with second allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) vs donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) in ...
Expect Questions About Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer
A STUDY finding that pathogenic variants in 5 genes are associated with a high risk of triple-negative breast cancer and a 20% lifetime risk for overall breast cancer1 may increase interest in genetic testing. “This is the first study to establish which genes are associated with high lifetime risks ...
Mutations in Five Genes Linked to Higher Lifetime Risks for Aggressive Breast Cancer
USING MULTIGENE hereditary cancer panels to test for mutations in five genes can identify women at high risk for triple-negative breast cancer who may then benefit from more frequent screening, risk management, and potentially targeted therapies as well. A study that looked at multigene panel...
Pertuzumab in Adjuvant Treatment of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
AT THE END OF 2017, pertuzumab (Perjeta) was granted regular approval for use in combination with trastuzumab (Herceptin) and chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2- positive early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data APPROVAL WAS BASED on...
Abiraterone Acetate Plus Prednisone in High-Risk Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
IN EARLY 2018, abiraterone acetate tablets (Yonsa, Zytiga) in combination with prednisone was approved for the treatment of metastatic high-risk castration-sensitive prostate cancer.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data APPROVAL WAS BASED on findings from the phase III LATITUDE trial, in which 1,199...
Estimated Medicare Cost for Prostate Cancer Care in Older Men
Although national guidelines recommend against prostate cancer screening in men age 70 and older, researchers from the University of North Carolina (UNC) Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center estimate that screening for and treating prostate cancer in men in this age group costs Medicare more than ...
ASCO and Friends of Cancer Research Submit Recommendations to FDA Aimed at Reducing Barriers to Clinical Trial Participation
On August 8, ASCO and Friends of Cancer Research (Friends) submitted recommended language to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for five guidance documents on ways to broaden eligibility criteria for cancer clinical trials. The recommendations are part of an ASCO and Friends collaboration...
Conqueror in Action: Dr. Zhang Takes on Lung Cancer
Certain physicians know they want to become doctors from a very young age. Others start on a different path until something happens to alter their plans. This was the case for Jianjun Zhang, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. “When I was a kid, I...
Sequential vs Concurrent Neoadjuvant Therapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Buzdar et al, the phase III ACOSOG Z1041 (Alliance) trial showed no difference in disease-free or overall survival with sequential vs concurrent neoadjuvant anthracycline and trastuzumab in patients with operable HER2-positive breast cancer. An earlier report from...
Use of Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of CTCAE in Rectal Cancer Trial
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Basch et al established the feasibility of using the National Cancer Institute patient-reported outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) in the setting of a multicenter clinical trial in locally advanced...
Maintenance Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Benefit Seen With Panitumumab Combination
Although the optimal approach to maintenance is not definitive in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have undergone chemotherapy-based induction with anti–endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents, the phase II VALENTINO trial showed that anti-EGFR maintenance therapy with...
Pembrolizumab for Advanced Cervical Cancer Progressing During or After Chemotherapy
In June 2018, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was approved for the treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer with disease progression on or after chemotherapy whose tumors express programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1; combined positive score [CPS] ≥ 1), as determined by a U.S....
Durable Responses With Moxetumomab Pasudotox in Pretreated Hairy Cell Leukemia
Moxetumomab pasudotox produced deep and durable responses in a heavily pretreated population of patients with hairy cell leukemia, with the ability to eradicate minimal residual disease. The drug showed a favorable safety profile with less bone marrow suppression than with purine nucleoside analog...
Pembrolizumab in Relapsed or Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On June 13, 2018, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was granted...
Durable Response With Venetoclax and Azacitidine in Elderly Patients With AML
In elderly patients with untreated acute myeloid leukemia (AML), venetoclax (Venclexta), given at a 400-mg dose, with an azacitidine backbone led to durable responses with a tolerable safety profile, according to data from a phase Ib dose-escalation and -expansion study. Response rates were high...
Risk of Second HPV-Associated Cancer Among Survivors of HPV-Associated Cancers
A retrospective study led by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health found that survivors of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers have a high incidence of developing second ...
Cabozantinib in Second-Line Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Compared with placebo, cabozantinib (Cabometyx) significantly improved overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who were previously treated with sorafenib (Nexavar), with no new safety signals, according to data from the phase III CELESTIAL ...
Outcomes With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In a single-center analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Peyton et al found that neoadjuvant dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (ddMVAC) produced better outcomes than other standard neoadjuvant regimens in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive...
Neonatal Dysregulated Immune Function and Pediatric B-Cell Precursor ALL
A high incidence of clinically diagnosed infections in the first year of life among children who later developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has led researchers to propose that children with ALL are born with a dysregulated immune function, resulting in a more vigorous reaction to infections ...
Addition of Hydroxycarbamide to Aspirin in Essential Thrombocythemia Without High-Risk Features
In a long-term follow-up of a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Godfrey et al found that the addition of cytoreductive therapy with hydroxycarbamide to aspirin did not improve outcomes in patients with essential thrombocythemia aged 40 to 59 years without high-risk features or...
PMS2-Associated Lynch Syndrome and Cancer Risks
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ten Broeke et al found that patients with Lynch syndrome associated with PMS2 mutation are at increased risk of colorectal and endometrial cancers but not other cancers associated with the syndrome. As noted by the investigators, Lynch...
Presurgical CT Imaging of CD117-Positive Kidney Tumors
A research team from Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center has discovered a way to use computed tomography (CT) imaging to assess kidney tumors that test positive for the biomarker CD117 and accurately determine—before surgery—whether the tumor is benign or malignant. Their findings...
Danish Study on Effect of Screening on Breast Cancer Mortality
In a Danish study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Beau et al used different models to assess the effects of screening on breast cancer mortality, finding a 20% reduction among patients diagnosed during the recommended screening age range. As noted by the investigators, the study was...
Rituximab/Lenalidomide vs Rituximab/Chemotherapy in Advanced Untreated Follicular Lymphoma
In a phase III RELEVANCE trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Morschhauser et al, no difference in complete response rate or interim progression-free survival was found between rituximab [Rituxan]/lenalidomide [Revlimid] vs rituximab/chemotherapy in newly diagnosed advanced...
Study Finds Hispanic Pediatric Patients at Increased Risk of Methotrexate Neurotoxicity During Treatment for ALL
Case studies have reported a high prevalence of methotrexate subacute neurotoxicity among Hispanic adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), suggesting sensitivity to methotrexate therapy may differ by race and ethnicity. Now, a prospective study in pediatric patients with ALL has found...
Sequential Brentuximab Vedotin and AVD in Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Evens et al found that a regimen of brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) given sequentially before and after standard doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (AVD) was associated with good outcomes in untreated older patients with...
Somatic Mutations in ER-Positive Breast Cancer and Prognosis
Recent research and genomic studies have revealed a number of genes that accumulate somatic mutations and alterations in estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer. However, while a few alterations are quite common and relatively well-understood, many genes are mutated in less than 5% of...
Small Study Shows Chemotherapy May Lead to Early Menopause in Young Women With Lung Cancer
A new study suggests chemotherapy may cause acute amenorrhea, leading to early menopause in women with lung cancer. The study is the first to comment on amenorrhea rates in women younger than 50, concluding that women with lung cancer who desire future fertility should be educated about risks and...
Challenges of Managing Older Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
As the population continues to age, the interplay between aging and cancer increasingly shows cancer to be a disease of older people. By the year 2030, there will be an increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in older individuals.1 The median age of patients diagnosed with diffuse large...
Chemotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Where Should It Be Given?
USING THE National Cancer Database, Bhatt et al1 recently reported that of the 61,775 adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), those who received chemotherapy from 2003 to 2011 lived longer than those who, in those same years, did not; the study is reviewed in this issue of The ASCO Post....
Suboptimal Use of Initial Chemotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia
IN A STUDY of National Cancer Database data reported in Blood Advances, Vijaya Raj Bhatt, MD, of the University of Nebraska Medical Center, and colleagues found that 25% of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) did not receive initial chemotherapy, despite evidence that...
Cardiac Issues Related to Checkpoint Inhibitors Still Largely Understudied
IMMUNE CHECKPOINT inhibitors represent a giant step forward in the treatment of many cancers, and as these agents have “come of age” in the past few years, so has the collective understanding of their potential for causing adverse events. Although checkpoint inhibitors are known to be associated...
No Improvement in Survival Reported With Epacadostat Plus Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma
IN PATIENTS with unresectable or metastatic melanoma, adding epacadostat to pembrolizumab (Keytruda) did not result in greater clinical benefit over pembrolizumab alone, according to data from the phase III ECHO-301/KEYNOTE-252 study. These results were originally presented at the 2018 ASCO Annual...
Relapsed or Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma: Optimizing Salvage Therapy
As novel therapies come on board for treating relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, the field is advancing toward more personalized therapy. The goal, even in the advanced-disease setting, is to increase the chances of complete response and negative positron-emission tomography (PET), while...
Factors in Endocrine Deficiency in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients Receiving Radiotherapy for Brain Tumors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vatner et al identified factors associated with an increased risk of endocrine deficiency in pediatric and young adult patients receiving radiation therapy for brain tumors, including hypothalamus and pituitary radiation dose. Study Details ...
FDA Grants Priority Review to sBLA for Pembrolizumab in Merkel Cell Carcinoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted and granted priority review for a new supplemental biologics license application (sBLA) seeking accelerated approval for pembrolizumab (Keytruda) for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with recurrent locally advanced or metastatic...
Rates of Inherited Breast Cancer in Nigerian Women
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zheng et al found a high frequency of inherited breast cancer among Nigerian women, with presence of deleterious mutations posing very high risk of disease. As noted by the investigators, “…Among Nigerian women, breast cancer is ...
A Daughter Struggles Through Her Father’s Battle With Cancer
BOOKMARK Title: White Hot Grief Parade: A Memoir Author: Alexandra Silber Publisher: Pegasus Books Publication date: July 2018 Price: $25.95, hardcover; 288 pages The sudden death of a loved one produces a different type of trauma for family and friends than the protracted fading away of cancer. ...
Love in the Time of Cancer
The ASCO Post is pleased to reproduce installments of the Art of Oncology as published previously in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. These articles focus on the experience of suffering from cancer or of caring for people diagnosed with cancer, and they include narratives, topical essays,...
Ipilimumab in Combination With Nivolumab for MSI-H or dMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
On July 10, 2018, ipilimumab (Yervoy) was granted accelerated approval for use in combination with nivolumab (Opdivo) for the treatment of patients at least 12 years of age with microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer progressing...
Cancer on the Global Stage: Incidence and Cancer-Related Mortality in Barbados
GUEST EDITOR The ASCO Post is pleased to continue this special feature on the worldwide cancer burden. Each installment focuses on a country from one of the six regions of the world, as defined by the World Health Organization (ie, Africa, the Americas, South-East Asia, Europe, Eastern...
Improving the Lives of Patients With Cancer Is Richard L. Schilsky’s Lifelong Mission
In 2009, as Richard L. Schilsky, MD, FACP, FSCT, FASCO, was preparing his Presidential Address for that year’s ASCO Annual Meeting, he came across his 6th grade essay titled “My Ambition,” which foretold with eerie specificity the career path he would follow over the next 6 decades. In the paper,...
Active Surveillance of Lung Subsolid Nodules May Reduce Unnecessary Surgery and Overtreatment
Subsolid nodules can be considered a biomarker of lung cancer risk and should be managed with long-term active surveillance. Conservative management of subsolid nodules may reduce unnecessary surgery and overtreatment in patients with multiple comorbidities and aggressive lung cancer arising from...
Cancer May Be Linked to Poor Prognosis in Patients With Broken Heart Syndrome
Cancer may be linked to an increased risk of death and prehospitalization in patients with broken heart syndrome, according to research presented by Santoro et al at the 2018 European Society of Cardiology Congress. Study author Francesco Santoro, MD, of the University of Foggia, Italy, said, ...
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease May Be Risk Factor for Liver Cancer
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a common disease, and with the incidence of liver cancer rising across the country, little has been understood about the link between it and hepatocellular carcinoma. To establish a better understanding of the link between hepatocellular carcinoma risk and...
