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Showing 2701 - 2750Expert Point of View: Jaffer A. Ajani, MD
Jaffer A. Ajani, MD, Professor of Medicine in the Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, told The ASCO Post that obesity (defined as high body mass index of 30–39.9 kg/m2) is increasing around the globe; by 2035, more than 50% of adults will...
Study Reveals Link Between Obesity and Gastric Cancer Aggressiveness
A pioneering study from Israel has shed new light on the link between obesity and the aggressiveness of gastric cancer while demonstrating potential therapeutic targets for the disease. Results of the translational research, presented during the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) 2023 International ...
Expert Point of View: Margaret K. Callahan, MD, PhD
Formal discussant of the mRNA-4157-P201/KEYNOTE-942 trial, Margaret K. Callahan, MD, PhD, Research Director, Immunotherapeutics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, agreed that finding an effective cancer vaccine has been challenging, and she is “cautiously optimistic” about...
Study Shows mRNA-Based Personalized Vaccine Plus Pembrolizumab Active in Melanoma for the First Time
The search for an effective cancer vaccine has been frustrating, but finally there may be light at the end of the tunnel. Adjuvant use of an investigational personalized mRNA vaccine (mRNA-4157) plus the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab improved recurrence-free survival vs pembrolizumab alone in...
USPSTF Issues Draft Recommendation Statement on Screening for Breast Cancer: All Women Should Be Screened Every Other Year, Beginning at Age 40
On May 9, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) posted a draft recommendation statement on screening for breast cancer. The USPSTF now recommends that all women get screened for breast cancer every other year starting at age 40 years (this is a B grade recommendation, meaning the USPSTF...
Bariatric Surgery May Reduce Risk of Obesity-Related Cancers by More Than Half
Researchers have found that patients who are obese and undergo bariatric surgery may have a greater than 50% decreased incidence rate of obesity-related cancer compared with patients who did not have the weight-loss procedure, according to new findings presented by Chittajalu et al at Digestive...
The Role of Salpingectomy in Ovarian Cancer: Standard of Care or Targeted Therapy?
No one doubts the deadly nature of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. This histologic subtype is responsible for most ovarian cancer deaths, representing the eighth leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide and the fifth in the United States. Although there has been some progress in...
Lung Cancer Screening and Possible Unappreciated Benefits
Screening that reduces cancer mortality serves as a foundational element of impactful care for certain cancers. That said, harms related to screening deserve our attention—overdiagnoses; diagnostic odysseys that may be invasive, expensive, or even unintentionally harmful; overtreatment of diagnosed ...
Expert Point of View: Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD
Invited discussant Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD, Deputy Director of the Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, called this “a very exciting abstract exploring when surgery meets immunotherapy.” He commented: “NSCLC is a big disease, affecting 2 million or more people worldwide, and this is the tip...
AEGEAN Trial Shows Benefit With Immunotherapy-Based Combination for NSCLC
Patients with treatment-naive resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with neoadjuvant durvalumab plus chemotherapy and adjuvant durvalumab monotherapy had improved event-free survival and pathologic complete response rates compared with those who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy...
Enrollment Criteria for Multiple Myeloma Clinical Trials May Exclude Patients From Racial and Ethnic Minorities
The parameters set to determine which patients can enroll in clinical trials testing new multiple myeloma treatments may disproportionately exclude patients from racial and ethnic minority groups, according to a new study published by Kanapuru et al in the journal Blood. Background Multiple myeloma ...
Antibacterial Treatment May Resolve Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Radiation Therapy
Researchers have found that acute radiation dermatitis may involve the skin bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and that a simple, low-cost treatment may prevent severe cases in patients undergoing radiation therapy, according to two novel studies published by Kost et al—one a randomized clinical trial ...
Induction Failure in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients With T-Cell ALL
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, O’Connor et al found that pediatric and young adult patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) who did not respond to induction therapy had poorer outcomes vs those with induction response. The investigators also attempted...
Expert Point of View: Rachna T. Shroff, MD
Formal discussant of this trial at the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting, Rachna T. Shroff, MD, Associate Professor, Interim Chief of Hematology/Oncology, and Associate Director of Clinical Investigations, University of Arizona Cancer Center, said: “This is a very important...
Immunotherapy/Chemotherapy Combination Prolongs Survival in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers
The addition of the checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab to chemotherapy with cisplatin/gemcitabine as first-line therapy improved overall survival in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer, according to results of the KEYNOTE-966 trial presented at the 2023 American Association for Cancer...
Birth by Cesarean Delivery and Development of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
In a Swedish study reported in JAMA Network Open, Cao et al found that females born via cesarean delivery were at an increased risk of early-onset colorectal cancer vs those born via vaginal delivery. No increased risk was observed among males born via cesarean delivery. As noted by the...
Elena Garralda, MD, MSc, Discusses Findings From the KRYSTAL-1 Trial
Elena Garralda, MD, MSc, Director of Early Drug Development at Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Director of the Phase I Unit at NEXT Oncology, Barcelona, was invited to discuss the KRYSTAL-1 findings. “In KRYSTAL-1, adagrasib monotherapy has demonstrated clinically meaningful activity in a...
KRYSTAL-1 Update: Adagrasib Yields Benefit in Variety of KRAS G12C–Mutated Tumors
In the phase I/II KRYSTAL-1 trial, the KRAS inhibitor adagrasib demonstrated clinical activity in previously treated patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, biliary tract cancer, and other solid tumors harboring KRAS G12C mutations, according to research presented at the ASCO Plenary Series ...
Newly Identified Risk Factors May Point to a Heightened Risk for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Among Younger Adult Patients
Researchers have identified four warning signs and symptoms that may indicate an elevated risk of early-onset colorectal cancer, according to a new study published by Fritz et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The findings may be key to helping physicians more effectively detect...
Novel AI Model Offers Potential for Earlier Lung Cancer Diagnoses
A new artificial intelligence (AI) model could help physicians diagnose lung cancer earlier, according to a study published by Hunter et al in eBioMedicine. The findings suggested that the new model may yield a diagnosis more quickly and potentially more accurately than two existing risk assessment ...
Judy C. Boughey, MD, on Changes in Axillary Surgical Management: An I-SPY2 Analysis
Judy C. Boughey, MD, of the Mayo Clinic, discusses the decrease, over the past decade, of axillary lymph node dissection, especially in patients with node-positive breast cancer at diagnosis who had sentinel lymph node surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These findings are based on the records...
Novel Imaging Agent May Help Surgeons Detect Residual Tumor Tissue Following Breast-Conserving Surgery
Researchers have discovered that the investigational optical imaging agent pegulicianine in fluorescence-guided surgery (pFGS) may have been effective at helping surgeons identify and remove residual tumor tissue in patients with breast cancer during breast-conserving surgery, according to a novel...
Economic Hardship May Be Predictive of Neurocognitive Outcomes in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy
Researchers have found that pediatric patients with cancer undergoing radiation therapy may experience greater baseline and long-term neurocognitive outcomes when they have supportive environments compared with those who live in neighborhoods with economic hardship, according to a new study...
Clonal Hematopoiesis Risk Score for Myeloid Neoplasms in Patients With Myeloid Precursor Conditions
As reported in NEJM Evidence, Weeks et al identified a clonal hematopoiesis risk score for prediction of risk for myeloid neoplasms among individuals with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS). As stated by the investigators, ...
Updated Analysis of Study 309/KEYNOTE-775: Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Endometrial Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Vicky Makker, MD, and colleagues, an updated analysis of the phase III Study 309/KEYNOTE-775 trial showed overall and progression-free survival benefits with lenvatinib/pembrolizumab vs physician’s choice of chemotherapy among previously treated...
Lifestyle Habits, Risk Factors, and Cancer Screening During COVID-19 Pandemic
Investigators discovered both favorable and unfavorable changes in major cancer risk factors, preventive behaviors and services, and screenings in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a new study published by Star et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention....
AI-Based Decision Support Systems for Mammography
Incorrect advice offered by an artificial intelligence (AI)-based decision support system could impair the performance of radiologists at every level of expertise when reading mammograms, according to a new study published by Dratsch et al in Radiology. Background Often touted as a “second set of...
Despite Gender-Affirming Surgery, Transgender Women May Still Be at Risk of Developing Prostate Cancer
Researchers have estimated that about 14 of every 10,000 transgender women may be at risk of developing prostate cancer, according to a new study published by Nik-Ahd et al in JAMA. Background Transgender women keep their prostates even after gender-affirming surgery, but the extent to which they...
Remote Outreach May Increase Uptake of and Adherence to Cancer Screenings in Females in Rural Settings
Females in rural areas may be six times more likely to receive timely breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screenings with remote outreach that involves interactive education and follow-up support by telephone compared with females in rural areas who don’t have remote outreach, according to a...
Researchers Study Genetic Changes Across Multiple Organs of Metastatic Melanoma
Researchers have found that studying the landscape of DNA and RNA alterations across multiple organs of metastasis may provide a new direction in cancer therapeutics to address treatment failure, according to a new study published by Liu et al in Nature Medicine. The new findings from analyzing...
Preoperative MRI Scans May Not Reduce Positive Margins and Reoperations in Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Lumpectomy
Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were not associated with a reduction in positive margins at the tumor site or in the need to reoperate to help ensure complete tumor excision in patients with breast cancer undergoing lumpectomy, according to new findings presented by Cairns et al ...
Meta-Analysis of Outcomes With Anthracycline-Containing and Taxane-Containing Chemotherapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by the Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG), a patient-level meta-analysis showed that anthracycline/taxane regimens were associated with better outcomes compared with regimens excluding either drug class in patients with early-stage operable breast...
Lindsay L. Peterson, MD, on Exercise and Cancer Outcomes
Lindsay L. Peterson, MD, of the Washington University, St. Louis, discusses the value of physical activity in improving cancer prognosis, especially for patients with breast or colon cancer. Aerobic exercises and resistance training are recommended during and after treatment. Exercise may help...
Intraoperative vs Postoperative Lymph Node Pathology Evaluation in Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Mastectomy
Patients who underwent pathology evaluation of their sentinel lymph nodes during mastectomy surgery may have been significantly more likely to receive aggressive nodal therapy than patients whose lymph node biopsies and treatment strategies were evaluated after surgery. The new findings were...
Exercise and Wellness Programs May Enhance Well-Being and Reduce Health-Care Costs in Patients With Breast Cancer
Two new studies revealed that specialized exercise and wellness programs may significantly increase physical well-being and quality of life as well as reduce health-care costs in patients with breast cancer, according to findings presented by Wonders et al and Brahmbhatt et al at the 24th American...
Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Criteria in Determining Correlation of Survival Outcomes in Glioblastoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Youssef et al found that the standard Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) and modified RANO (mRANO) criteria produced similar correlations between progression-free survival and overall survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma and...
Expert Point of View: Kathleen Moore, MD, MS
“I think the NOW trial is a great study,” said Kathleen Moore, MD, MS, the Virginia Kerley Cade Endowed Chair in Cancer Developmental Therapeutics and Professor of Gynecologic Oncology at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, who shared her thoughts on the trial with...
In BRCA-Mutated Ovarian Cancer, Neoadjuvant Olaparib Feasible, Appears Effective in Pilot Study
Encouraging outcomes were achieved in patients with BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer who received neoadjuvant treatment with olaparib in a feasibility study led by Shannon N. Westin, MD, MPH, Professor in the Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine at The University of Texas MD...
Extended Antibiotic Prophylaxis May Not Prevent Infections, Improve Outcomes in Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction
Prescribing extended antibiotic prophylaxis may not reduce the risk of infections in patients with breast cancer undergoing breast reconstruction following mastectomy, according to a new study published by Sisco et al in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. "Our experience suggests that...
Cancer Survivors With Transportation Challenges May Face Higher Risk of Emergency Room Use and Mortality
Investigators have found that transportation barriers—delayed care as a result of a lack of transportation—may be associated with increased emergency room use and a higher risk of mortality among patients with and without a history of cancer, according to a new study published by Jiang et al in the ...
Expert Point of View: Kathleen Moore, MD, MS
Kathleen Moore, MD, MS, the Virginia Kerley Cade Endowed Chair in Cancer Developmental Therapeutics and Professor of Gynecologic Oncology at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, spoke with The ASCO Post about GOG-258. According to Dr. Moore, the final results of this long-running...
GOG 258 Final Results: No Improvement in Survival by Adding Radiotherapy to Chemotherapy in Advanced Endometrial Cancer
The long-running randomized NRG Oncology GOG-258 clinical trial failed to identify an overall survival benefit with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs chemotherapy alone in any subgroup of patients with locally advanced endometrial cancer. After a median follow-up of 112 months, the hazard ratio for...
Study Explores Impact of Radiation Therapy on Immune Cells and Tumor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Researchers may have shed light on how radiation therapy impacts immune cells and tumor cells in renal cell carcinoma, according to a novel study published by Chow et al in the Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer. The new findings may provide key information for planning treatment regimens that...
E-Cigarette Use Increased Significantly Among Younger U.S. Adults Between 2019 and 2021
Almost 750,000 more adults in the United States, aged 18 to 29 years, may have used e-cigarettes during the period that spanned the e-cigarette or vaping-product use–associated lung injury outbreak and COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 to 2021, according to a new study published by Bandi et al in the...
Are Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at Increased Risk for Developing Lymphoma?
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be at an increased risk for developing lymphoma, a risk that has increased in patients with Crohn’s disease in recent years, according to a new study published by Olén et al in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. The new findings revealed...
Advance Care Planning May Lead to Less Aggressive, More Comfort-Focused Care for Patients With Cancer
Investigators have found that patients with advanced cancer who participated in advance care planning may have received less aggressive and more comfort-focused end-of-life cancer care compared with those who did not participate in advance care planning, according to a new study published by Levoy...
KRYSTAL-1 Update: Adagrasib Yields Benefit in Variety of KRAS G12C–Mutated Tumors
In the phase I/II KRYSTAL-1 trial, the KRAS inhibitor adagrasib demonstrated promising clinical activity in previously treated patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, biliary tract cancer, and other solid tumors harboring KRAS G12C mutations, according to research presented at the April...
Financial Impact on Caregivers of Spouses With Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bradley et al found that approximately one-third of caregivers of spouses with cancer reported they had stopped working and had increased household debt. In the subgroup with a lower-than-median household income, cancer caregivers were more...
Homage to a Giant in Hematology: The Fascinating Story of the Quest to Cure Leukemia
Bone marrow transplantation in leukemia is one of the great success stories in the history of oncology, as is that of the late Nobel Laureate E. Donnall Thomas, MD, the pioneering clinical researcher whose name is synonymous with life-saving marrow transplantation. Dr. Thomas, who was born in the...
Dabrafenib With Trametinib for Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma With BRAF V600E Mutation
On March 16, 2023, dabrafenib with trametinib was approved for pediatric patients aged 1 year and older with low-grade glioma with a BRAF V600E mutation who require systemic therapy.1,2 The U.S. Food and Drug Administration also approved new oral formulations of both drugs suitable for patients who ...
