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Showing 1401 - 1450Conditioning With Busulfan/Cyclophosphamide vs Total-Body Irradiation/Cyclophosphamide for B-Cell ALL
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zhang et al found that conditioning with busulfan plus cyclophosphamide (BuCy) was noninferior to total-body irradiation plus cyclophosphamide (TBI-Cy) in 2-year overall survival among adult patients with standard-risk...
Pafolacianine for Intraoperative Imaging of Folate Receptor–Positive Ovarian Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Janos L. Tanyi, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that use of pafolacianine infusion for intraoperative imaging improved the detection of lesions in patients with folate receptor–positive ovarian cancer, compared with using white light...
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Patients With Completely Resected Stage IB to IIIA NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by O’Brien et al, the second interim analysis of the phase III PEARLS/KEYNOTE-091 trial has shown significantly improved disease-free survival with adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with completely resected stage IB to IIIA non-small cell lung cancer...
Adjuvant Nivolumab With or Without Ipilimumab in Patients With Resected Stage IV Melanoma With No Evidence of Disease
As reported in The Lancet by Livingstone et al, the final analysis of the German phase II IMMUNED trial showed significantly improved recurrence-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab/ipilimumab and nivolumab alone vs placebo in patients with resected stage IV melanoma who had no evidence of disease ...
Association of Distance to Treatment Facility, U.S. Region, and Insurance Status With Diagnosis of Advanced Colon Cancer
In a National Cancer Database analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Brand et al found that patients with colon cancer who lived farther from their treatment facility and those with no insurance or Medicaid alone were more likely to present with advanced-stage disease. As stated by the...
ctDNA Analysis of Acquired EGFR Resistance Alterations With First-Line Cetuximab Plus Chemotherapy in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) substudy from the CALGB/SWOG-80405/Alliance trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kanwal Raghav, MD, MBBS, and colleagues found that first-line use of the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab combined with chemotherapy was associated with only a small number ...
Antibody Response to Three-Dose COVID-19 mRNA-1273 Vaccination Schedule in Immunocompromised Patients With Hematologic Cancers
In a Dutch prospective observational cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Haggenburg et al found that a third dose of the COVID-19 mRNA-1273 vaccine increased antibody levels in immunocompromised patients with hematologic cancers overall to levels comparable to those observed in healthy controls ...
Recurrence-Free Survival as Surrogate for Overall Survival in Patients Undergoing Resection of Colorectal Liver Metastases
In a single-center retrospective study and a separate meta-analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ecker et al found low correlations between recurrence-free survival and overall survival among patients undergoing resection of colorectal cancer liver metastases. As stated by the investigators,...
Compliance of NCI-Designated Cancer Centers With January 2021 CMS Price Transparency Requirements
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Childers et al found that only one-third of hospitals with National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer center status were fully compliant with Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) price transparency requirements instituted in January 2021....
Reporting of Hispanic Ethnicity and Race in Breast Cancer Studies: National Cancer Database Analysis
In a National Cancer Database (NCDB) analysis reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Bazan et al found that Hispanic ethnicity was reported in patient demographics or results in less than half of studies in breast cancer, with a smaller proportion categorizing race and ethnicity into...
Cost-Effectiveness of Chemotherapy Sequences in Metastatic Breast Cancer According to Prior Therapy Exposure
In a modeling study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stephanie B. Wheeler, PhD, MPH, and colleagues identified the most cost-effective sequences of single-agent chemotherapy regimens among patients with endocrine-refractory or triple-negative metastatic breast cancer according to prior ...
Use of Trimodality Therapy in Stage II/III Rectal Cancer in the United States: 10-Year Period
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Hagen F. Kennecke, MD, and colleagues found that among U.S. patients with clinical stage II/III rectal cancer diagnosed between 2006 and 2016 who received trimodality therapy, use of postoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) decreased and...
Rezvilutamide vs Bicalutamide Combined With ADT in High-Volume Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Gu et al, interim analyses of the phase III CHART trial have shown improved radiographic progression-free survival and overall survival with the novel androgen receptor inhibitor rezvilutamide vs bicalutamide when both were combined with androgen-deprivation...
Sequencing of Ipilimumab/Nivolumab With Encorafenib/Binimetinib in BRAF-Mutant Metastatic Melanoma
In a phase II trial (SECOMBIT) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Paolo A. Ascierto, MD, and colleagues found that sequential immunotherapy and targeted therapy with ipilimumab/nivolumab followed at disease progression by encorafenib/binimetinib was associated with good survival...
Trends in Incidence of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma in the United States
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Cai et al found that the incidence of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma increased in the United States between 2000 and 2018. The study involved data from 18 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program registries for 2000 to 2018. A...
Association of Neurofilament Light Chain Levels With ICANS Risk After CAR T-Cell Therapy
In a retrospective study reported in JAMA Oncology, Butt et al found significantly higher pretreatment neurofilament light chain levels in patients who did vs did not develop immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy....
Patient-Reported Outcomes With the Addition of Olaparib to Abiraterone in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Fred Saad, MD, FRCS, and colleagues, an analysis of a phase II trial found no significant differences in health-related quality of life or pain measures with the addition of olaparib to abiraterone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate...
Outcomes of Lung Cancer Screening in Individuals With or Without Lung-Related Comorbidities
In a prospective cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Metwally et al found no significant differences in positive examination, cancer detection, or false-positive rates among individuals with vs without self-reported lung-related comorbidities undergoing low-dose computed tomography lung...
5-Year Outcomes With Adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX vs Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Thierry Conroy, MD, and colleagues, 5-year analysis of the phase III PRODIGE 24/Canadian Cancer Trials Group PA6 trial has shown a significant benefit in overall survival and other outcomes with adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX (modified oxaliplatin, irinotecan, leucovorin, and...
Acquired EGFR Inhibitor Resistance Alterations Identified in ctDNA Analysis in Patients With Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Topham et al, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis indicated significantly increased frequencies of multiple potential EGFR inhibitor resistance alterations among patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer with vs without prior ...
Sacituzumab Govitecan in Pretreated Patients With Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Endocrine-Resistant Advanced Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hope S. Rugo, MD, FASCO, and colleagues, the phase III TROPiCS-02 trial has shown a significant progression-free survival benefit with sacituzumab govitecan-hziy vs chemotherapy in previously treated patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive,...
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Increased Risk of Recurrence: 30-Month Follow-up of KEYNOTE-564
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the 30-month follow-up of the phase III KEYNOTE-564 trial showed a continued disease-free survival benefit with adjuvant pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma who are at increased risk...
BCMA x CD3 Bispecific T-Cell Redirecting Antibody ABBV-383 in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In a phase I trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, D’Souza et al found that the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) x CD3 bispecific T-cell redirecting antibody ABBV-383 was active in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Study Details In the ongoing trial, 124 patients...
Postmarketing Colitis Cases May Be Associated With Alpelisib Use
In a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Sullivan et al described details of postmarketing cases of noninfectious colitis in patients with breast cancer reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that were considered possibly or probably related to alpelisib treatment. Key Findings A total of...
Addition of Telaglenastat to Cabozantinib in Previously Treated Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Nizar M. Tannir, MD, FACP, and colleagues, the phase II CANTATA trial showed no improvement in progression-free survival with the addition of the glutaminase inhibitor telaglenastat to cabozantinib in previously treated patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell...
Addition of Sintilimab and Bevacizumab Biosimilar to Chemotherapy for Patients With Advanced EGFR-Mutated NSCLC and Disease Progression on EGFR Inhibitors
In an interim analysis of the Chinese phase III ORIENT-31 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lu et al found that the addition of sintilimab and the bevacizumab biosimilar IBI305 to chemotherapy prolonged progression-free survival in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated nonsquamous non–small cell ...
Is PD-L1 Expression a Good Predictor of Survival Benefit in Patients With Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer Treated With Immunotherapy?
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase III trials of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer reported in JAMA Oncology, Harry H. Yoon, MD, MS, and colleagues found that PD-L1 expression was the strongest predictor of overall survival...
Fertility Preservation Procedures at Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Risk of Relapse and Disease-Specific Mortality
In a Swedish nationwide prospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Marklund et al found no increased risk of relapse or disease-specific mortality among women undergoing fertility preservation with or without hormonal stimulation at the time of breast cancer diagnosis. Study Details The...
Long-Term Findings of Metastasis-Directed Therapy in Oligometastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Deek et al, long-term follow-up of the pooled phase II STOMP and ORIOLE trials suggest maintained benefit of metastasis-directed therapy vs observation in patients with oligometastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Study Details As noted by ...
Luspatercept for Anemia in Patients With Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Long-Term Follow-up
In a long-term follow-up of the German phase II PACE-MDS trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Uwe Platzbecker, MD, and colleagues described erythroid, neutrophil, and platelet hematologic improvement rates with luspatercept treatment for anemia in patients with lower-risk...
Novel Pembrolizumab-Based Combination Under Study in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sadeghi et al found that EphrinB2 inhibition with soluble EphB4-human serum albumin (sEphB4-HSA) plus pembrolizumab appeared to exert substantial activity in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma, particularly among patients...
New Risk Stratification System for Completely Resected Stage II or III Colorectal Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology, Kleppe et al have developed a risk stratification system using the DoMore-v1-CRC marker and pathologic staging markers that may permit many patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer to avoid adjuvant chemotherapy. As stated by the investigators, “The...
New Cervicovaginal Epigenetic Test for Screening of Suspected Endometrial Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Herzog et al have developed a simple noninvasive test for screening for suspected endometrial cancer—the Women’s Cancer Risk Identification-Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Test for Endometrial Cancer (WID-qEC)—that has shown accuracy in...
Addition of T-VEC to Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Chesney et al, the phase III MASTERKEY-265 trial has shown no significant improvement in progression-free survival or overall survival with the addition of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) to pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma. Study...
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Organ-Preserving Surgery in Early Rectal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hagen F. Kennecke, MD, MHA, and colleagues, the Canadian Cancer Trials Group phase II NEO trial has shown that 3 months of neoadjuvant chemotherapy resulted in tumor downstaging and avoidance of radical surgery in a high proportion of patients with ...
Cabozantinib Prolongs Progression-Free Survival in Previously Treated Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Marcia S. Brose, MD, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, and colleagues, the phase III COSMIC-311 trial has shown that cabozantinib produced a numerically higher objective response rate and significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs...
Apatinib for Advanced Radioactive Iodine–Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
In an interim analysis of the Chinese phase III REALITY trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Lin et al found that apatinib, a highly selective VEGFR2 inhibitor, significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs placebo in patients with progressive, locally advanced or metastatic, radioactive...
Addition of Selumetinib to Adjuvant Radioactive Iodine in High-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ho et al, the phase III ASTRA trial showed no improvement in complete remission rate with the addition of selumetinib to adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) in patients with high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer. As stated by the investigators,...
Thyroidectomy With or Without Radioiodine for Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer
In the French phase III ESTIMABL2 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Leboulleux et al found that no use of radioiodine was noninferior to radioiodine ablation in the occurrence of functional, structural, or biologic events among patients undergoing thyroidectomy for low-risk...
First-Line Cisplatin Plus Gemcitabine or Fluorouracil for Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Final Overall Survival Analysis
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hong et al, the final overall survival analysis of the Chinese phase III GEM20110714 trial showed a significant benefit with gemcitabine/cisplatin vs fluorouracil/cisplatin as first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal...
HPV Vaccination and Projected Oropharyngeal Cancer Incidence Through the Year 2045
In a population-based age-period-cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Zhang et al estimated that current human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates will have a limited impact on overall oropharyngeal cancer incidence through 2045, due to a high risk of oropharyngeal cancer in unvaccinated...
Primary Transoral Surgery and Reduced-Dose Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for HPV-Positive Locally Advanced Oropharyngeal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Robert L. Ferris, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase II ECOG-ACRIN E3311 trial has shown high progression-free survival rates and good functional outcomes in patients with intermediate-risk human papillomavirus (HPV; p16)-positive locally advanced...
Radiotherapy Alone vs Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Low-Risk Nasopharyngeal Cancer
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in JAMA, Tang et al found that radiotherapy alone was noninferior to concurrent chemoradiotherapy in failure-free survival in patients with low-risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label multicenter trial, 341 patients were randomly assigned ...
Addition of Chemotherapy to Gefitinib in First-Line Treatment of Advanced NSCLC With EGFR Mutations
In an updated analysis of the Japanese phase III NEJ009 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Miyauchi et al found that gefitinib plus carboplatin/pemetrexed was associated with prolonged progression-free survival and progression-free survival 2—but loss of significance in overall...
Prevalence of MGUS Among Rescue and Recovery Workers Exposed to the World Trade Center Disaster
In an observational seroprevalence study reported in Blood Cancer Journal, Zeig-Owens et al found an elevated prevalence of myeloma precursor disease—monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)—in a cohort of World Trade Center (WTC) disaster–exposed rescue and recovery workers....
Addition of Galunisertib to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
In a small phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yamazaki et al found that the TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor galunisertib appeared to show activity when added to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in previously untreated patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. As stated by the...
Do Perioperative Beta-Blockers Improve Survival in Patients With Cardiovascular Conditions Undergoing Surgery for Ovarian Cancer?
In an Australian population–based study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Spilsbury et al found that perioperative dispensing of nonselective beta-blockers was associated with improved survival among patients with a history of a cardiovascular condition undergoing surgery for epithelial ...
Induction Chemotherapy With Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Capecitabine vs Cisplatin and Fluorouracil for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Li et al found that induction chemotherapy with paclitaxel, cisplatin, and capecitabine (TPC) prior to concurrent chemoradiation was associated with improved failure-free survival vs induction therapy with cisplatin and fluorouracil (PF) in...
Cabazitaxel in Advanced Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma
In a phase II EORTC Soft-Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Sanfilippo et al found that cabazitaxel showed activity in locally advanced, inoperable, or metastatic dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Study Details In the trial, 38 evaluable patients who had received no more...
Chronic Toxicity With Adjuvant Intensity-Modulated vs Conventional Radiation Therapy for Cervical or Endometrial Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Yeung et al, updated results of the phase III NRG Oncology RTOG 1203 trial show reduced chronic toxicity with adjuvant intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) vs conventional radiotherapy (CRT) in women with cervical or endometrial cancer. No...
