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Showing 151 - 200Locoregional Recurrence Patterns Among Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer
In a South Korean single-center retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Cheun et al identified locoregional recurrence patterns according to molecular subtypes of breast cancer among women undergoing surgery for the disease. The study involved data from 16,462 women who underwent...
Effect of Atorvastatin on Cardiac Dysfunction in Patients Receiving Anthracyclines for Lymphoma
In a study (STOP-CA) reported in JAMA, Neilan et al found that atorvastatin reduced the risk of decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy for the treatment of lymphoma. Study Details In the U.S.-Canadian double-blind trial, 300...
Time to Treatment and Survival Among Adults Aged
In a Canadian retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Castelo et al found that a greater interval between date of presentation and treatment initiation was not associated with an increased risk of poorer survival among patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed before age 50. The...
Effects of BMI in Patients With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Palbociclib and Endocrine Therapy
In a preplanned analysis of the phase III PALLAS trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pfeiler et al found that higher body mass index (BMI) reduced the risk of neutropenia and treatment discontinuation in patients with early hormone receptor–positive breast cancer receiving adjuvant...
Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab/Chemotherapy and Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Early-Stage NSCLC
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Heather Wakelee, MD, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the phase III KEYNOTE-671 trial showed that the addition of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab to cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab improved pathologic response and ...
Rucaparib vs Physician’s Choice of Single-Agent Therapy in BRCA-Mutated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Karim Fizazi, MD, PhD, of Gustave Roussy Institute, Paris-Saclay University, and colleagues, the phase III TRITON3 trial has shown significantly improved progression-free survival with rucaparib vs physician-selected single-agent therapy in the...
Association of Pathologic Lymph Node Regression After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Outcomes in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
In a UK study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Moore et al found that increased pathologic lymph node regression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with better outcomes in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Study Details The study involved patients treated with neoadjuvant...
Vigorous Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity and Cancer Incidence Among Nonexercising Adults
In an analysis from the UK Biobank Accelerometry Study reported in JAMA Oncology, Stamatakis et al found that bouts of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity were associated with reduced risk of cancer among nonexercising adults. Vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity refers...
Homoharringtonine-Based Induction in Pediatric AML
In a Chinese study (CCLG-AML 2015) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Li et al found that homoharringtonine (HHT)-based induction therapy was associated with promising outcomes in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). As stated by the investigators, “HHT is commonly used for the...
AI-Supported Screen Reading vs Standard Double Reading in Mammography Screening for Breast Cancer
In a Swedish study (Mammography Screening with Artificial Intelligence [MASAI]) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lång et al found that artificial intelligence (AI)-supported screen reading was associated with a similar cancer detection rate and a lower screen-reading workload vs standard double...
Avelumab vs Standard Second-Line Chemotherapy in dMMR/MSI Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the French phase II SAMCO-PRODIGE 54 trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Julien Taïeb, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that second-line avelumab improved progression-free survival vs standard chemotherapy in patients with mismatch repair–deficient and/or microsatellite instability (dMMR/MSI)...
Risk of Death, Cancer, and Autoimmune Disease Among Patients Undergoing Thymectomy
In a single-institution study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Kooshesh et al found that adults who had undergone thymectomy may be at an increased risk of death; cancer; and, in certain cases, autoimmune disease. As stated by the investigators: “The function of the thymus in human...
Impact of Interventions to Promote Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Adherence Among Breast Cancer Survivors
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bright et al found that interventions to promote adjuvant endocrine therapy adherence in breast cancer survivors were successful overall compared with control conditions, although some interventions appeared to...
Adjuvant Everolimus in Patients With RCC at High Risk of Recurrence
In the phase III EVEREST trial reported in The Lancet, Christopher W. Ryan, MD, and colleagues found that adjuvant everolimus was not associated with a significant improvement in event-free survival vs placebo in patients at high risk of disease recurrence following surgery for renal cell...
Erdafitinib for Patients With FGFR-Altered Advanced Solid Tumors
In the phase II RAGNAR study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Shubham Pant, MBBS, and colleagues found that the pan-FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erdafitinib showed activity in patients with advanced solid tumors with FGFR alterations. Study Details In the ongoing study, 217 patients aged ≥ 12...
PANDA Trial: First-Line Treatment Regimens for Elderly Patients With RAS/BRAF Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the Italian phase II noncomparative PANDA trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lonardi et al found that regimens adding panitumumab to modified FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin; mFOLFOX) and to fluorouracil/leucovorin were active in the first-line treatment of...
Talazoparib With Enzalutamide in HRR Gene–Mutated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
On June 20, 2023, the PARP inhibitor talazoparib was approved for use with enzalutamide in homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene–mutated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in the multicohort, double-blind TALAPRO-2 trial...
Preoperative Chemoradiation With or Without Pazopanib in Nonrhabdomyosarcoma Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Aaron R. Weiss, DO, and colleagues, follow-up in the Children’s Oncology Group/NRG Oncology phase II ARST1321 trial showed no differences in survival outcomes with the addition of pazopanib to preoperative chemoradiation in patients with...
Treatment-Related Mortality Among Children With Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ehrlich et al estimated rates of treatment-related mortality among children with cancer in low- and middle-income countries. According to the study authors, approximately 90% of children with cancer globally live in these...
Outcomes With Cancer-Associated Isolated Distal Deep-Vein Thrombosis
In a registry-based study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Galanaud et al found that outcomes in patients with cancer-associated isolated distal deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) were similar to those in patients with cancer-associated proximal DVT. Study Details The study included data from ...
EBV-Based Screening Methods for Identifying Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
In a Taiwanese study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lou et al compared two methods of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) screening to identify nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Study Details Blood samples were obtained from 819 incident Taiwanese nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases (including 213 cases of...
Outcomes in Children and Young Adults With T-Cell ALL and Induction Failure in Contemporary Treatment Trials
In a retrospective study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Elizabeth A. Raetz, MD, and colleagues found that outcomes in children and young adults with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who do not achieve remission at the end of induction therapy have improved in contemporary...
Contribution of MEK Inhibition to Combined BRAF/MEK Inhibitor Treatment in Advanced BRAF-Mutant Melanoma
In part 2 of a phase III trial (COLUMBUS) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Paolo A. Ascierto, MD, and colleagues found evidence that MEK inhibition contributed to positive outcomes with combination BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy in advanced BRAF V600–mutant melanoma. Study Details As...
Camrelizumab Plus Rivoceranib vs Sorafenib in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a largely Asian phase III study (CARES-310) reported in The Lancet, Qin et al found that the combination of camrelizumab and rivoceranib (also known as apatinib) significantly prolonged progression-free and overall survival vs sorafenib in the first-line treatment of unresectable or metastatic...
Long-Term Outcomes With Zanubrutinib vs Ibrutinib in Symptomatic Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia
Details of the final analysis of the phase III ASPEN trial, which compared zanubrutinib and ibrutinib in symptomatic patients with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, were published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Meletios A. Dimopoulos, MD, and colleagues. The study supported the September...
Bladder-Sparing Trimodal Therapy vs Radical Cystectomy in Patients With Clinically Node-Positive Nonmetastatic Bladder Cancer
In a retrospective study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Swinton et al found that bladder-sparing trimodal therapy with radical-dose radiotherapy was an effective alternative to radical cystectomy in patients with clinically node-positive nonmetastatic bladder cancer. As stated by the ...
Neoadjuvant FOLFOX vs Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Deb Schrag, MD, MPH, FASCO, and colleagues, the phase III PROSPECT trial has shown neoadjuvant FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) was noninferior in disease-free survival vs chemoradiotherapy among patients with locally advanced...
Addition of Talazoparib to Enzalutamide in the First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by Neeraj Agarwal, MD, FASCO, and colleagues, the phase III TALAPRO-2 trial has shown that the addition of talazoparib to enzalutamide improved radiographic progression–free survival vs enzalutamide alone in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic...
Molecular Classification and Response to Radiotherapy in Early-Stage Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer
In a Dutch analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Horeweg et al found that molecular classification predicted response to radiotherapy in patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer. As stated by the investigators, “The molecular classification of endometrial cancer...
Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel vs Standard Care in Patients With Lenalidomide-Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In the phase III CARTITUDE-4 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, San-Miguel et al found that receipt of ciltacabtagene autoleucel following bridging therapy significantly improved progression-free survival vs standard care in patients with lenalidomide-refractory multiple...
Atezolizumab With or Without Radiotherapy in Advanced Penile Cancer
In the Dutch single-institution phase II PERICLES trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, de Vries et al found atezolizumab produced activity in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. Study Details In the study, 32 patients enrolled at The Netherlands Cancer...
Reasons for Nonparticipation in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Trial Comparing Outcomes With Colonoscopy vs FIT
In an analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Robertson et al found U.S. veterans most frequently cited a preference for stool testing as a reason for declining participation in the CONFIRM trial, which compared the effect on colorectal cancer mortality with annual colonoscopy vs annual fecal...
Outcomes in Pediatric ALL With Prolonged Therapy for IKZF1 Deletion and Reduced Therapy for Other Risk Groups
In a recent study (Dutch Childhood Oncology Group [DCOG] ALL11) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pieters et al found that modifications in therapy appeared to improve outcomes and reduce drug exposure in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) compared with treatment ...
Modeled Effects of Reducing the Recommended Screening Age for Colorectal Cancer in Canada
In a modeling study reported in JAMA Oncology, Kalyta et al found that reducing the starting age for colorectal cancer screening with the biennial fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in Canada would result in reduction in colorectal cancer burden at a “modest cost.” As stated by the investigators:...
Primary Cancer and Noncancer Mortality Among Long-Term Survivors of Solid Tumors
In a study reported in JAMA Network Open, KC et al identified factors involved with primary cancer mortality vs noncancer mortality among long-term survivors of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. Study Details The study included data on 627,702 patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology,...
Niraparib Maintenance in Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer
In a Chinese phase III study reported in JAMA Oncology, Li et al found that niraparib maintenance therapy given with an individualized starting dose improved progression-free survival vs placebo in newly diagnosed patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Study Details In the double-blind multicenter...
Polygenic Risk Score and Chemotherapy-Related Subsequent Malignant Neoplasms in Childhood Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Im et al found that a polygenic risk score (PRS) may be useful in stratifying risk for subsequent malignant neoplasms among nonirradiated survivors of childhood cancer according to chemotherapy received. Study Details The study involved...
Integrated Clinical-Molecular Classification of Colorectal Liver Metastases
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Katipally et al found that an integrated clinical-molecular classification of colorectal cancer metastases to the liver distinguished risk groups for survival outcomes. Study Details The investigators had previously defined three biologically distinct molecular ...
Atezolizumab, Vemurafenib, and Cobimetinib in Patients With BRAF V600–Mutated Melanoma and CNS Metastases
A revised report of findings from the phase II TRICOTEL study of atezolizumab, vemurafenib, and cobimetinib in patients with melanoma and central nervous system (CNS) metastases was published in The Lancet Oncology by Reinhard Dummer, MD, and colleagues. The first version of trial findings,...
Addition of Nivolumab to SABR in Early-Stage or Isolated Lung Parenchymal Recurrent NSCLC
In the phase II I-SABR trial reported in The Lancet, Chang et al found that the addition of nivolumab to stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) improved event-free survival in patients with previously untreated stage I or II or isolated parenchymal recurrent node-negative non–small cell lung...
Glofitamab-gxbm for Select Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphomas
On June 15, 2023, the bispecific CD20-directed CD3 T-cell engager glofitamab-gxbm was granted accelerated approval for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)–not otherwise specified or large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) arising from follicular lymphoma after at least two lines of...
Stereotactic Radiosurgery Before Resection of Brain Metastases From Solid Tumors
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Prabhu et al identified outcomes and associated risk factors among patients receiving stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) prior to resection of brain metastases from solid tumors. Study Details The study involved data from an international multicenter cohort...
Intervention to Increase Uptake of Tobacco Use Treatment for Patients With Cancer Who Smoke
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jenssen et al found that electronic health record (EHR)-based nudges to clinicians significantly increased the uptake of tobacco use treatment in patients with cancer who were current smokers. Study Details In the trial—performed across 11...
Olaparib and Temozolomide in Advanced Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
In a phase II trial (NCI Protocol 10250) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ingham et al found that the combination of olaparib and temozolomide showed activity in previously treated patients with advanced uterine leiomyosarcoma. Study Details In the multicenter trial, 22 evaluable...
Addition of SBRT to Immunotherapy in Advanced Solid Tumors
In the Belgian phase II CHEERS trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Spaas et al evaluated the addition of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to anti–PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, with SBRT directed to a maximum of three lesions, in patients with advanced solid tumors. The...
Overall Survival With Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Results From ZUMA-7
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Jason R. Westin, MD, and colleagues, the overall survival analysis from the phase III ZUMA-7 trial showed significant benefit with axicabtagene ciloleucel vs standard care in patients with early relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma. The...
Individual Patient Meta-analysis of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal or GEJ Carcinoma
In a meta-analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Faron et al found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy were associated with better survival vs upfront surgery in patients with thoracic esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) carcinoma. Study Details The study...
First-Line Atezolizumab vs Single-Agent Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced NSCLC Ineligible for Platinum-Based Chemotherapy
In the phase III IPSOS trial reported in The Lancet, Lee et al found that first-line atezolizumab improved overall survival vs single-agent chemotherapy in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were ineligible for platinum-based chemotherapy. Study Details In the open-label...
Implementation of Pediatric Early Warning Systems in Resource-Limited Latin American Hospitals
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Agulnik et al found that implementation of pediatric early warning systems resulted in reduced clinical deterioration event mortality among children with cancer in resource-limited hospitals in Latin America. Study Details The Proyecto Escala de...
Dysphagia-Optimized vs Standard IMRT in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
In the phase III DARS study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Nutting et al found that dysphagia-optimized intensity-modulated radiotherapy (DO-IMRT) was associated with improved patient-reported swallowing function vs standard IMRT in newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancer. Study...
