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Showing 8901 - 8950Long Noncoding RNAs Are a Novel Prognostic Marker in Older Patients With Acute Leukemia
A new study led by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) describes a novel marker that might help doctors choose the least toxic, most effective treatment for many...
Characterization of Conditional Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Ovarian Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kurta et al calculated conditional disease-free survival estimates among ovarian cancer patients, showing that odds of remaining disease free improve with a longer disease-free period from initial remission. Improved Conditional Disease-Free ...
Colon Cancer Gene-Expression Risk Scores Contribute Little to Prognostic Ability of Established Risk Factors
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Di Narzo et al found that individual colon cancer gene-expression risk scores contributed little to the prognostic ability of traditional risk factors. Study Details The study involved evaluation of four gene-expression risk...
No Overall Survival Difference for Immediate vs Deferred Chemotherapy After Radical Cystectomy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In the phase III EORTC 30994 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sternberg et al found no overall survival difference between immediate and delayed adjuvant chemotherapy after radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Immediate treatment was...
SABCS 2014: BOLERO-3: Everolimus Plus Trastuzumab/Paclitaxel Misses the Mark in First-Line HER2 Advanced Breast Cancer
The addition of everolimus to weekly trastuzumab (Herceptin) plus paclitaxel did not improve outcomes in the phase III BOLERO-1/TRIO-019, but did provide a “signal” in the hormone receptor–negative subset. The study was reported at the 2014 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium by...
SABCS 2014: Fulvestrant Improves Survival Over Anastrozole for Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer
Among patients with advanced, hormone receptor–positive breast cancer who had not been treated previously for advanced disease, those who took fulvestrant (Faslodex) lived longer than those who took anastrozole, according to data from the phase II FIRST trial presented at the 2014 San Antonio ...
SABCS 2014: Capecitabine Monotherapy Does Not Improve Survival in Elderly Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In elderly breast cancer patients with moderate- to high-risk early-stage disease for whom standard chemotherapy is too toxic, capecitabine, which causes fewer side effects than standard chemotherapy agents, did not improve outcomes when tested as monotherapy, according to data from the phase III...
SABCS 2014: Adding Carboplatin to Neoadjuvant Therapy Increases Pathologic Complete Response Rates Across Subtypes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Among women with triple-negative breast cancer, both basal-like and non–basal-like tumors were equally likely to demonstrate a pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but they responded differently to exposure to carboplatin and bevacizumab (Avastin), in an analysis of the...
Nivolumab Shows Activity in Previously Treated Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a randomized phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Motzer et al found that the PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody nivolumab was associated with antitumor activity and manageable toxicity at three dose levels in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who had...
SABCS 2014: High Tumor Immune Cell Levels May Identify HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Who Might Benefit From Chemotherapy Alone
Women with HER2-positive breast cancer who had high levels of immune cells in their tumors had a decreased risk of cancer recurrence after treatment with chemotherapy alone compared with their counterparts who had low levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, according to data presented at the...
Survival Benefit of R-ACVBP vs R-CHOP in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Attributable to Effect in Patients With Non–Germinal Center B-Cell–Like Tumors
In an analysis of the French phase III LNH 03-2B trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Molina et al found that germinal center B-cell–like vs non–germinal center B-cell–like subclassification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma according to the Hans algorithm was...
ASH 2014: T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Outcomes Excellent, Even for 'Poor-Risk' Group
Outcomes in children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which has traditionally been considered a poor-prognosis cancer, are better than expected, even for the early thymic precursor (ETP) phenotype, according to investigators from the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) who...
ASH 2014: Post-Transplant Brentuximab Vedotin Improves Progression-Free Survival in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients
In Hodgkin lymphoma patients at risk for disease progression following autologous stem cell transplant, early consolidation post-transplant with brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) significantly improved progression-free survival compared with placebo in the phase III AETHERA trial. The findings were...
ASH 2014: Carfilzomib-Based Triplet Yields ‘Unprecedented’ Duration of Remission in Relapsed Myeloma
The phase III global ASPIRE trial documented an “unprecedented” duration of remission in relapsed multiple myeloma patients receiving carfilzomib (Kyprolis) plus a standard-of-care doublet, according to A. Keith Stewart, MD, of the Mayo Clinic in Scottsdale, Arizona, who presented the...
Intensified Chemotherapy Based on Tumor Marker Decline May Improve Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Poor-Prognosis Germ Cell Tumors
In the phase III GETUG 13 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fizazi et al found that treatment intensification based on early tumor marker decline resulted in a numeric and borderline statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival in patients with poor-prognosis germ cell...
No Disease-Free Survival Differences Among Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide Plus Paclitaxel Regimens in High-Risk Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In the phase III SWOG S0221 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Budd et al found no differences in disease-free survival among four different doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide plus paclitaxel regimens in patients with node-positive or high-risk node-negative breast cancer. A subgroup...
No Survival Difference but Greater Morbidity With Etoposide/Cisplatin vs Carboplatin/Paclitaxel With Concurrent Radiotherapy for Stage III NSCLC
In an analysis of Veterans Health Administration data reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Santana-Davila et al found that etoposide/cisplatin resulted in no overall survival difference but greater morbidity compared with carboplatin/paclitaxel used concurrently with radiotherapy in...
Ixazomib Receives Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Relapsed or Refractory Systemic Light-Chain Amyloidosis
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy status to Takeda Pharmaceuticals’ investigational, oral proteasome inhibitor, ixazomib (MLN9708), for the treatment of relapsed or refractory systemic light-chain amyloidosis. This is the first proteasome inhibitor...
Addition of Vosaroxin to Cytarabine Demonstrates Antileukemic Activity in Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
In a phase Ib/II study of patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the addition of vosaroxin to cytarabine demonstrated antileukemic activity and an acceptable risk-benefit profile, according to a study by Lancet et al in Haematologica. Based on the findings from this...
RTOG 0129 Long-Term Results: No Differences in Survival or Toxicity With Accelerated vs Standard Fractionation Plus Cisplatin in Head and Neck Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Nguyen-Tan et al, long-term follow-up in the phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0129 trial indicates no difference in overall survival or late toxicity with use of accelerated vs standard radiation therapy plus cisplatin in patients...
Improved Overall Survival in Metastatic Melanoma With First-Line Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib
In a phase III study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Robert et al found that the combination of the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) plus the MEK inhibitor trametinib (Mekinist) significantly improved overall survival compared with the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib (Zelboraf) in...
Two- vs One-Unit Cord Blood Transplantation Does Not Improve 1-Year Overall Survival in Children and Adolescents With Hematologic Cancers
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Wagner et al found that use of two units vs one unit of umbilical cord blood in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation did not improve 1-year overall survival in children and adolescents with hematologic cancers. Use of...
No Overall Survival Difference for Amrubicin vs Topotecan in Second-Line Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pawel et al found no difference in overall survival with amrubicin vs topotecan as second-line therapy in patients with first-line sensitive or refractory small cell lung cancer. An overall survival benefit of amrubicin was observed ...
Nivolumab Improves Overall and Progression-Free Survival vs Dacarbazine in Previously Untreated Advanced Melanoma Without BRAF Mutation
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Robert et al found that the PD-1 immune-checkpoint–inhibitor antibody nivolumab significantly increased overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rate compared with dacarbazine in patients with...
Galeterone Shows Activity in Variant Form of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Results from the ARMOR2 of the anticancer drug galeterone shows that it is successful in lowering prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men with a variant form castration-resistant prostate cancer. The findings, presented at the 26th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer...
RTOG Pooled Analysis Shows Good Long-Term Outcomes After Bladder-Preserving Combined-Modality Therapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In a pooled analysis of prospective Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mak et al found good long-term outcomes with bladder-preserving combined-modality therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Study Details The analysis included 468...
High Rate of Tumor Marker Assessment in Older Early-Stage Breast Cancer Survivors
Current guidelines discourage tumor marker assessment in surveillance of nonmetastatic breast cancer. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ramsey et al found that > 40% of Medicare patients with early-stage breast cancer had at least one tumor marker assessment and that...
Risedronate Reduces Anastrozole-Related Bone Loss in Osteopenic/Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Women
In a substudy of the IBIS-II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sestak et al found that risedronate treatment reduced anastrozole-related bone loss over 3 years in postmenopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer. Study Details The study involved assessment of bone mineral density...
Briefer Biochemotherapy Yields Better Relapse-Free Survival but Greater Toxicity vs 1-Year High-Dose Interferon in High-Risk Melanoma
In a phase III trial (Southwest Oncology Group Intergroup S0008) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Flaherty et al found that a shorter course of biochemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, vinblastine, dacarbazine, interleukin-2, and interferon alfa-2b produced better relapse-free...
No Benefit of Adding Iniparib to Gemcitabine/Carboplatin in Metastatic Triple‑Negative Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, O’Shaughnessy et al found that the addition of iniparib to gemcitabine and carboplatin did not improve overall survival or progression-free survival in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. An exploratory...
Worse Patient-Reported Outcomes With Addition of Ovarian Function Suppression to Tamoxifen in Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer
In the phase III Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) E-3193 (Intergroup 0142) trial, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Tevaarwerk et al, adding ovarian function suppression to tamoxifen was associated with worse patient-reported outcomes in premenopausal women with...
Olaparib Treatment Yields Promising Response Rates in Patients With BRCA Mutation–Associated Cancers
Olaparib, an experimental twice-daily oral cancer drug, produced an overall tumor response rate of 26% in several advanced cancers associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, according to a phase II study reported by Kaufman et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The positive response provides...
No Benefit of Adding Lapatinib to Fulvestrant in Hormone Receptor–Positive Advanced Breast Cancer
In the phase III Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 40302/Alliance trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Burstein et al found that the addition of the dual EGFR-HER2 inhibitor lapatinib (Tykerb) to endocrine therapy with fulvestrant (Faslodex) did not improve progression-free...
Comparable Disease Control, Less Morbidity With Axillary Radiotherapy vs Surgery in Breast Cancer Patients With Positive Sentinel Node
In a noninferiority phase III EORTC 10981-22023 AMAROS trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Donker et al found that axillary radiotherapy provided comparable disease control and was associated with less morbidity compared with axillary surgery in breast cancer patients with a positive sentinel...
FOLFOXIRI/Bevacizumab Bests FOLFIRI/Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Patients with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer who received FOLFOXIRI (fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan) plus bevacizumab (Avastin) had improved survival compared to patients who received FOLFIRI (5-FU, leucovorin, irinotecan) plus bevacizumab in a phase III...
Shorter-Duration Therapy Including Lower-Dose Cyclophosphamide Preserves Efficacy in Newly Diagnosed Low-Risk Rhabdomyosarcoma
Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group (IRSG) studies have shown improved failure-free survival with VAC (vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide) given with a total cumulative cyclophosphamide dose of 26.4 g/m2 compared with VA (vincristine and dactinomycin) in patients with subset 1...
Ipilimumab/Sargramostim Improves Overall Survival vs Ipilimumab Alone in Patients With Advanced Metastatic Melanoma
A randomized clinical trial of patients with advanced metastatic melanoma treated with ipilimumab (Yervoy), an immune checkpoint inhibitor, in combination with sargramostim (Leukine), an immune stimulant, vs ipilimumab alone, has found a 1-year survival rate of 68.9% vs 52.9% in the ipilimumab-only ...
BRAF Inhibitor Dabrafenib Plus MEK Inhibitor Trametinib Improves Outcomes vs Dabrafenib Alone in Previously Untreated BRAF-Mutant Advanced Melanoma
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Long and colleagues found that the combination of the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and the MEK inhibitor trametinib (Mekinist) improved response rate and progression-free survival compared with dabrafenib alone in...
BRAF Inhibitor Vemurafenib Plus MEK inhibitor Cobimetinib vs Vemurafenib Alone in Previously Untreated BRAF-Mutant Advanced Melanoma
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Larkin and colleagues found that the combination of the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib (Zelboraf) and the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib improved response rate and progression-free survival compared with vemurafenib alone in...
Gemcitabine-Based Treatment Yields Similar Response Rates, Less Toxicity Than DHAP Before Stem Cell Transplant for Relapsed/Refractory Lymphoma
In the NCIC-CTG LY.12 study, a phase III international noninferiority trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Crump and colleagues found that gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin (GDP) was associated with a noninferior response rate and similar transplantation rate compared with...
Performance of Lung Cancer Low-Dose CT Screening With Increasing Screening Interval in NELSON Trial
The Dutch and Belgian NELSON trial is assessing the effect of increasing interval low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer on lung cancer mortality. In an analysis of screening test performance among Dutch participants reported in Lancet Oncology, Horeweg and colleagues found...
ALSYMPCA Subgroup Analysis: Radium-223 Survival Benefit Irrespective of Prior Docetaxel in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With Bone Metastases
The phase III ALSYMPCA trial showed that radium-223 (Xofigo) increased overall survival vs placebo patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and symptomatic bone metastases. In a prespecified subgroup analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hoskin et al found that overall survival...
Higher Levels of Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase Hypermethylation May Correlate With Earlier Stage of Colorectal Cancer
Compared with normal colorectal mucosae, nearly half of colorectal tumors showed medium-to-high levels of lecithin retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) hypermethylation, according to the results of a study reported by Cheng et al in Medical Oncology. This finding was noted more frequent in earlier tumor...
No Progression-Free Survival Benefit of Dacomitinib vs Erlotinib Overall or in KRAS Wild-Type Disease in Pretreated Advanced NSCLC
In a phase III ARCHER 1009 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ramalingam et al found no progression-free survival benefit of the irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor dacomitinib vs erlotinib among all patients with pretreated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or among those...
No Survival Benefit With Pan-HER Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Dacomitinib vs Placebo in Pretreated Advanced NSCLC
In the phase III NCIC CTG BR.26 Trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ellis et al found that treatment with the irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor dacomitinib was not associated with an overall survival benefit compared with placebo in patients with pretreated advanced or...
Regional Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgical Program Improves Care in VA System
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Lau et al found that implementation of a multidisciplinary hepatopancreaticobiliary surgical program in a Veterans Affairs (VA) health-care region resulted in improved care and outcomes. The study involved analysis of practices and outcomes ...
First-Line FOLFIRI Improves Time to Treatment Failure and Is Better Tolerated vs ECX in Advanced Gastric Cancer
In a phase III French Intergroup trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Guimbaud et al found that FOLFIRI (fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin, and irinotecan) significantly prolonged time to treatment failure compared with ECX (epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine) in first-line...
Blood Biomarker May Detect Lung Cancer
A new study shows that patients with stage I to III non–small cell lung cancer have different metabolite profiles in their blood than those of patients who are at risk but do not have lung cancer. The study abstract was released today in an online supplement to the journal CHESTand will be...
ASCO Issues Clinical Expert Statement on Cancer Survivorship Care Planning
Efforts at implementing survivorship care plans have met with limited success in oncology practice, in part due to the time required to complete survivorship care plans, lack of role clarity, and lack of reimbursement for time to complete the documents. In response, ASCO convened a Survivorship...
TAS-102 Receives FDA Fast Track Designation for Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Fast Track designation for Taiho Oncology’s TAS-102, a novel agent currently under investigation for the treatment of refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. TAS-102 is an oral combination investigational anticancer drug consisting of...
