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Showing 4501 - 4550Adding Targeted Agent to Chemotherapy in Second-Line Treatment of Advanced Gastric Cancer
In the Asian phase III GOLD trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bang et al found that the addition of olaparib (Lynparza) to paclitaxel did not significantly improve overall survival among patients with previously treated advanced gastric cancer, including those with...
Immunotherapy in PD-L1–Positive Advanced Cervical Cancer
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) treatment was active in patients with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)–positive advanced cervical cancer enrolled in the phase Ib KEYNOTE-028 trial. The findings were reported by Frenel et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Study Details In the advanced...
Survival as Quality Metric in Cancer Care
In a National Cancer Data Base study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Shulman et al found little difference in risk-adjusted cancer mortality rates among individual hospitals, suggesting survival may not be an ideal quality metric at the individual hospital level. However, survival was ...
Novel Psychosocial Intervention for Fear of Cancer Recurrence
An Australian trial has shown that a novel theoretically/empirically based intervention (ConquerFear) reduced the fear of cancer recurrence compared with relaxation therapy among patients treated for curable cancers. These results were reported by Butow et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology....
Association of Event-Free Survival at 24 Months With Overall Survival in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Maurer et al found that event-free survival at 24 months (EFS24) was associated with prolonged subsequent overall survival among patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Study Details The study involved patients with systemic PTCL...
Combination Therapy for Advanced Lung and Thymus Carcinoids
A European phase II trial has shown activity of long-acting pasireotide, everolimus (Afinitor), or their combination in patients with advanced lung and thymus carcinoids. These study findings were reported by Ferolla et al in The Lancet Oncology. Study Details In the study, 124 patients from 36...
Predisposition to Breast Cancer due to Mutations Other Than BRCA1/BRCA2 in Ashkenazi Jewish Women
A cohort study in Ashkenazi Jewish women with breast cancer identified mutations other than BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder alleles that were associated with cancer risk. These results were reported by Walsh et al in JAMA Oncology. Among Ashkenazi Jewish women, three mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2...
Ovarian Function Recovery During Anastrozole Therapy in Postmenopausal Patients With Breast Cancer
In the phase III DATA trial reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute by Vivianne C.G. Tjan-Heijnen, MD, PhD, of the Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands, and colleagues, 12% of women with breast cancer who had chemotherapy-induced ovarian function failure...
10-Year Follow-up on Adjuvant Therapy in Postmenopausal Early Breast Cancer
The 10-year follow-up of the phase III TEAM trial has shown that exemestane alone and sequential tamoxifen/exemestane provide similar outcomes as adjuvant endocrine therapy in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer. The findings were reported in The Lancet Oncology ...
BRCA1/2 Status in Response to Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
An analysis of the GeparSixto trial in triple-negative breast cancer showed that adding carboplatin to neoadjuvant therapy improved pathologic complete response rate in patients without BRCA1/2 mutation and that response rates were higher overall in those with mutations, without additive effects...
Association of Tumor HER3 Expression With Treatment Outcome in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Seligmann et al found that higher tumor HER3 messenger RNA expression among patients with RAS wild-type tumors was associated with a better outcome with panitumumab (Vectibix) plus irinotecan vs irinotecan alone among patients with advanced colorectal cancer in ...
Predictors of Posthospital Care Transitions in Advanced Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lage and colleagues found that among patients with advanced cancer who had an unplanned hospital admission, those discharged to hospice or post–acute care facilities had a worse symptom burden and physical function and worse survival...
Internal Radiotherapy vs Kinase Inhibitor in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
A French phase III trial has shown no significant survival difference between selective internal radiotherapy with yttrium-90 resin microspheres vs sorafenib (Nexavar) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings were reported by Vilgrain et al in The Lancet Oncology. Study...
Dacomitinib Prolongs Progression-Free Survival vs Gefitinib in First-Line Treatment of EGFR-Mutant NSCLC
THE PHASE III ARCHER 1050 trial has shown superior progression-free survival with the second-generation irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor dacomitinib vs gefitinib (Iressa) in the first-line treatment of advanced EGFR-mutant non–small-cell lung cancer...
Characteristics of Recurrence in Stage I to III Midgut Neuroendocrine Tumors
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Cives et al found that postsurgical relapse occurred in 31% of patients with stage I to III midgut neuroendocrine tumors over long-term follow-up, with liver, mesentery, and pelvic lymph nodes being the main sites of relapse....
HSD3B1 Variant and Response to Nonsteroidal CYP17A1 Inhibition in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Almassi et al, extragonadal androgen ablation with the nonsteroidal CYP17A1 inhibitor ketoconazole improved outcome in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer according to the number of inherited HSD3B1 (1245C) alleles. HSD3B1 (1245C) is associated...
Long-Term Follow-up of Cardiac Function After Adjuvant Therapy With Trastuzumab in Early Breast Cancer
As reported by Ganz et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, long-term follow-up of patients in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) Protocol B-31/NRG Oncology trial showed no worsening of cardiac function or quality of life with the addition of adjuvant trastuzumab...
Worldwide Cancer Incidence and Mortality Among Persons Aged 20 to 39 in 2012
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fidler et al found that cancer burden was higher worldwide among women vs men aged 20 to 39 in 2012 and that the incidence was higher but mortality lower in very high vs low Human Development Index regions. Study Details The study involved data from the ...
Novel Adverse Genomic Rearrangement Signature in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
As reported by Hillman et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, a novel genomic rearrangement signature associated with poorer overall survival has been identified in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Study Details In the study, clinical data and whole-genome sequencing results were ...
Combination Therapy for Advanced BRAF V600–Mutant Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
A phase II study reported by Subbiah et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology indicates activity of the combination of dabrafenib (Tafinlar) plus trametinib (Mekinist) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic BRAF V600–mutant anaplastic thyroid cancer. Study Details In the study,...
MicroRNA Expression–Based Risk Model for Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lim et al have identified a microRNA expression–based risk model associated with event-free survival in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The study involved comprehensive miRNA sequencing of 1,362 pediatric AML samples, consisting of...
Factors Associated With Outcome in Pediatric Adrenocortical Tumors
In a St. Jude Adrenocortical Tumor Registry and Children’s Oncology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pinto et al found that a positive Ki67 labeling index was associated with a poorer outcome in children with adrenocortical tumors independent of germline TP53 mutation ...
Novel Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for ALK- or ROS1-Rearranged NSCLC
A phase I trial has shown that the ALK and ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor lorlatinib is active in patients with advanced ALK- or ROS1-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including those with central nervous system (CNS) metastases and failure on at least two prior tyrosine kinase...
Changes in Uninsured Status Among Nonelderly Cancer Patients Under the Affordable Care Act
In a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Soni et al reported reductions in the proportion of nonelderly adult cancer patients who were uninsured between 2010 and 2013 vs 2014, after institution of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Study Details The study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology,...
ASCO Endorses ASTRO Guideline on Radiation Therapy for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Harry Quon, MD, of Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and colleagues, ASCO has endorsed the recently published American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) evidence-based clinical practice guideline on radiation therapy for...
PanCan Risk Model for Lung Cancer Screening
Results of the Pan-Canadian Early Detection of Lung Cancer (PanCan) study, reported in The Lancet Oncology by Tammemagi et al, indicate that the PanCan risk model is effective in identifying persons found to have early-stage lung cancer on low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening. Study Details ...
Complications and Patient Satisfaction After Breast Reconstruction in Women Receiving Radiotherapy
In a prospective cohort study reported by Jagsi et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, autologous reconstruction was associated with fewer complications and greater patient satisfaction vs implant approaches in women receiving postmastectomy radiotherapy. Study Details The...
New Persistent Opioid Use After Curative-Intent Cancer Surgery
A study reported by Lee et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology indicates that approximately 10% of patients undergoing curative-intent surgery for cancer become new persistent opioid users. Study Details The study involved data from 68,463 patients from a national data set of insurance claims...
HSD3B1 Genotype and Outcomes With ADT After Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Hearn et al found that the presence of the HSD3B1 (1245C) allele was associated with more rapid development of metastases in patients receiving androgen-deprivation therapy for biochemical recurrence after primary radiation therapy for localized prostate...
Final Results of German Trial of PET-Guided Treatment in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma
Final results of the German Hodgkin Study Group phase III HD18 trial, reported in The Lancet by Borchmann et al, showed no benefit of adding rituximab (Rituxan) to escalated BEACOPP (eBEACOPP; bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone) in...
ASCO/CCO Focused Guideline Update on Role of Bone-Modifying Agents in Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported by Catherine Van Poznak, MD, of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and colleagues in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO and Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) have collaborated in providing a focused update for the ASCO clinical practice guideline on the role of bone-modifying agents in...
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Cancer-Specific Survival in California
In a study using California Cancer Registry data reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ellis et al found that the stage at diagnosis was the greatest contributor to racial/ethnic disparities in cancer-specific survival, with neighborhood socioeconomic status and marital status also being...
CD8-Positive Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Survival in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Goode et al in the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis Consortium, higher levels of cytotoxic CD8-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were associated with significantly improved overall survival among women with high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas. Study Details The ...
2-Year Survival Outcomes With Immunotherapy in Advanced NSCLC
Analysis of 2-year overall survival with nivolumab (Opdivo) vs docetaxel in the phase III CheckMate 017 and 057 trials showed a continued survival benefit with nivolumab in patients with previously treated advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The findings were reported by Horn et al...
Potential Risk Activities and Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema in Patients Undergoing Bilateral Surgery
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Asdourian et al found that several factors considered to pose an increased risk of lymphedema were not significantly associated with the occurrence of lymphedema among women undergoing bilateral breast cancer surgery. Study Details In the...
Combination Therapy for Docetaxel-Pretreated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
The phase III AFFINITY trial has shown no survival benefit with the addition of the antisense oligonucleotide custirsen to cabazitaxel (Jevtana)/prednisone in patients with metastatic prostate cancer previously treated with docetaxel. These findings were reported in The Lancet Oncology by Beer et...
Changes in Opioid Prescription for Cancer Patients Referred to Outpatient Palliative Care
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Haider et al found that the median morphine equivalent daily dose decreased significantly among cancer patients seen at MD Anderson Cancer Center’s outpatient palliative care clinic between 2010 and 2015. Use of hydrocodone decreased...
Anti–T-Lymphocyte Globulin and Chronic GVHD-Free Survival in Unrelated Myeloablative HCT
A double-blind phase III trial has shown no benefit of anti–T-lymphocyte globulin (ATLG) vs placebo on chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD)-free survival in patients undergoing human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched unrelated myeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The study...
Extended Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy After Sequential Endocrine Therapy
In the Dutch phase III DATA trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Tjan-Heinjen et al, a nonsignificant disease-free survival advantage was found for 6 vs 3 years of adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy after 2 to 3 years of tamoxifen in hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer....
MAF Amplification and Outcomes With Adjuvant Zoledronic Acid in Early Breast Cancer
An analysis from the phase III AZURE trial has shown that MAF-negative status was associated with a benefit and MAF-positive status, with a detriment of adjuvant zoledronic acid in early breast cancer. The analysis was reported by Coleman et al in The Lancet Oncology. Study Details The current...
Long-Term Outcomes With BRAF and MEK Inhibition in BRAF V600–Mutant Metastatic Melanoma
As reported by Long et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, a 5-year landmark analysis of patients receiving dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and trametinib (Mekinist) for BRAF V600–mutant metastatic melanoma shows persistent overall and progression-free survival benefits. Study Details The...
Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Expression and Prognosis in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ho et al found that tumor-based enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene or protein expression was independently predictive of prognosis in localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma. EZH2 is a chromatin remodeler implicated in the pathogenesis of...
Predicting Risk of Subsequent CNS Tumors in Survivors of Childhood Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wang et al have developed a model for predicting risk of subsequent central nervous system (CNS) tumors in survivors of childhood cancer. Study Details In the study, matched childhood cancer survivors with (n = 82) and without (n = 228) subsequent...
Carfilzomib Improves Overall Survival vs Bortezomib in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
AT A PRESPECIFIED interim analysis, the phase III ENDEAVOR trial has shown a significant overall survival benefit for carfilzomib (Kyprolis) vs bortezomib (Velcade) in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, as reported by Meletios A. Dimopoulos, MD, of the National and Kapodistrian...
Regional Radiation Therapy Reduces Risk of Regional Recurrence in Node-Positive Cutaneous Melanoma
IN A LARGE single-institution study reported in the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Tobin Strom, MD, and colleagues found that regional radiotherapy was associated with a reduced risk of regional recurrence in patients with node-positive cutaneous melanoma, including those...
No Progression-Free Survival Benefit With First-Line Nivolumab vs Chemotherapy in Advanced PD-L1–Positive NSCLC
AS REPORTED BY David P. Carbone, MD, PhD, of The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, and colleagues in The New England Journal of Medicine, the phase III CheckMate 026 trial has shown no progression-free survival benefit for first-line nivolumab (Opdivo) vs platinum-based...
Phase III Trial Shows No Survival Benefit to Adding First-Line Ipilimumab to Chemotherapy in Advanced Squamous NSCLC
IN A PHASE III trial reported by Ramaswamy Govindan, MD, of Washington University School of Medicine, and colleagues in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the addition of first-line ipilimumab (Yervoy) to paclitaxel/carboplatin did not improve overall survival in patients with advanced squamous...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Update on Antiemetics in Patients With Cancer
AS REPORTED BY Paul J. Hesketh, MD, of Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, and colleagues in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO has updated its clinical practice guideline on the use of antiemetics in patients with cancer.1 The update was based on an expert panel...
Nivolumab/Ipilimumab in Patients With Advanced Melanoma Who Did or Did Not Discontinue Induction Treatment due to Adverse Events
IN A RETROSPECTIVE pooled analysis of the CheckMate 069 and 067 studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dirk Schadendorf, MD, of the University Hospital Essen and the German Cancer Consortium, and colleagues found little difference in the efficacy of combined nivolumab (Opdivo) and...
Tremelimumab in Previously Treated Advanced Malignant Mesothelioma
In the randomized phase IIB DETERMINE trial, the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor tremelimumab did not improve overall survival vs placebo as second- or third-line treatment of relapsed malignant mesothelioma. These findings were reported in The Lancet Oncology by...
