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Showing 4151 - 4200Brentuximab Vedotin in Previously Untreated Stage III or IV Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
On March 20, 2018, brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) was approved for the treatment of adult patients with previously untreated stage III or IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma in combination with chemotherapy.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on the findings of the open-label phase III...
Tisagenlecleucel for Adults With Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On May 1, 2018, tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah), a...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Julie R. Brahmer, MD, of Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, and colleagues, ASCO has released a clinical practice guideline on management of immune-related adverse events in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.1 Immune...
Oxybutynin for Androgen Deprivation–Associated Hot Flashes in Prostate Cancer
In a letter to the editor of The New England Journal of Medicine, Smith et al describe successful use of oxybutynin to treat hot flashes in a patient receiving androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer. As noted by the authors, nonhormonal treatments for menopausal hot flashes in women ...
Effect of GnRHa Treatment During Chemotherapy on Preservation of Ovarian Function and Fertility in Premenopausal Patients With Early Breast Cancer
A meta-analysis of patient-level data reported by Lambertini et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology indicated that temporary ovarian suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) during chemotherapy was effective in preserving ovarian function and fertility in premenopausal...
Outcomes After Discontinuation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
In an interim analysis of a European trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Saussele et al found that discontinuation of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with deep molecular response was associated with good molecular relapse-free survival,...
Risk of Interval Invasive Second Breast Cancers
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lee et al determined risk levels for interval invasive second breast cancers after negative surveillance mammography and identified factors associated with higher risk. Study Details The study involved 65,084 surveillance mammograms...
NGR-hTNF Combined With Investigator Choice of Therapy in Previously Treated Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
In the phase III NGR015 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gregorc et al found no benefit of adding NGR-hTNF to best investigator choice of treatment in patients with previously treated malignant pleural mesothelioma. NGR-hTNF consists of human TNFα conjugated to the tumor-targeting ...
Neoadjuvant Therapy, Changes in Body Composition, and Resectability in Pancreatic Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Sandini et al found that neoadjuvant therapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was associated with loss of adipose tissue but not muscle wasting. In addition, the study showed that an increase in skeletal muscle tissue was...
Risk of Breast Cancer After Negative Screening Mammography
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, McCarthy et al identified the risk of interval breast cancer after negative screening mammography, including risk of poor-prognosis breast cancer. Study Details The study involved mammography data from the Population-Based Research Optimizing Screening...
USPSTF Recommendations on PSA-Based Screening for Prostate Cancer
As reported in JAMA, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has issued updated recommendations on prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening for prostate cancer. To inform the recommendations, the USPSTF reviewed evidence on benefits and harms of PSA-based screening and treatment of...
CXCR4 Antagonist Plus Eribulin in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Findings in a phase I trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Pernas et al indicate activity of the combination of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist balixafortide plus eribulin in previously treated HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. The CXCR4–stromal cell-derived factor-1α...
Long-Term Follow-up of Women With Vaginal and Cervical Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma Associated With DES Exposure
In a letter to the editor of The New England Journal of Medicine, Huo et al described long-term outcomes of women with vaginal and cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma associated with prenatal exposure to the synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES). As noted by the authors, women...
Outcomes for Cutaneous SCC of the Lip With Vermilion vs Cutaneous Location
In a study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Wang et al found that risk of nodal metastasis was higher for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lip with vermilion vs cutaneous location. Disease-specific and overall survival were similar for the two locations. Study Details The retrospective ...
Dose-Dense Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Iyer et al found that dose-dense neoadjuvant gemcitabine plus cisplatin produced a high response rate and was generally well tolerated in patients with planned radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Study Details In ...
Sarcopenia, Adiposity, and Survival in Women With Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Caan et al found that computed tomography (CT)-derived sarcopenia and adiposity were associated with overall survival in women with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Study Details The study involved data from 3,241 women from Kaiser Permanente of Northern...
Profile of ERBB2/ERBB3-Mutant Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Loree et al found that ERBB2/ERBB3 mutations in colorectal cancer are associated with microsatellite instability and PIK3CA mutation. Study Details The study involved retrospective analysis of 419 patients from The University of ...
Hormone Replacement Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk After Oophorectomy in BRCA1-Mutation Carriers
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Kotsopoulos et al found that use of hormone replacement therapy overall did not increase risk of breast cancer among BRCA1-mutation carriers after prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy; however, use of estrogen-progesterone hormone replacement...
Clearance of Somatic Mutations at Remission and Outcomes in AML
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Morita et al found that clearance of somatic mutations at complete remission—particularly those in nonpreleukemic genes—was associated with improved outcomes in previously untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)....
Perception of Effects of Continued Smoking Among Patients With Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Alton et al found that current cigarette smokers were less likely to believe that continued smoking after cancer diagnosis was harmful compared with ex-smokers or never-smokers. Continued smoking after cancer diagnosis has been associated...
Afatinib in Previously Untreated Metastatic NSCLC With Nonresistant EGFR Mutations
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On January 12, 2018, afatinib (Gilotrif) was approved...
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy and Management of Regional Lymph Nodes in Melanoma: ASCO/SSO Clinical Practice Guideline Update
AS REPORTED IN the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sandra L. Wong, MD, of Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, and colleagues, ASCO and the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) have issued an update to the ASCO/SSO clinical practice guideline on sentinel lymph node biopsy and management of regional...
Activity of T Cells From Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment
In a study reported in Annals of Oncology, Andersen et al found that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes isolated from metastatic melanoma lesions in patients with disease progression after checkpoint inhibitor therapy remain functional. Moreover, they concluded these tumor-infiltrating...
Predictive Model for Breast Cancer in Women With Atypical Hyperplasia
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Degnim et al have developed a model for predicting breast cancer risk among women with atypical hyperplasia on breast biopsy. Study Details The risk model (AH-BC) was developed using retrospective cohorts of women aged 18 to 85 years with...
Early-Phase Trial of Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate and Temozolomide in Glioblastoma
In a phase Ib trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Omuro et al found evidence of activity of carboxyamidotriazole orotate plus temozolomide in patients with recurrent anaplastic gliomas or glioblastoma and previously untreated glioblastoma. Carboxyamidotriazole orotate is an...
Results From the Full Population of a Phase II Trial of Venetoclax in CLL With 17p Deletion
In an article published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stilgenbauer et al reported findings from the full population of the phase II trial that supported the 2016 approval of venetoclax (Venclexta) in the treatment of previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with 17p deletion....
Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis
In a meta-analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yamada et al found that patients with cystic fibrosis are at increased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers vs the general population. Improved management of cystic fibrosis has led to increased life expectancy and increased incidence of...
Web-Based Writing Intervention for Body Image–Related Distress in Women With Breast Cancer
In an Australian trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sherman et al found that use of a structured online writing exercise (My Changed Body) was associated with reduced body image distress and improved body appreciation among breast cancer survivors. Study Details My Changed...
Durvalumab in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
Updated results of a phase I/II study of durvalumab (Imfinzi) in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma were reported by Thomas Powles, MD, of Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, and colleagues in JAMA Oncology. Data from the ongoing study supported the recent...
Study Finds Desmoplastic Melanoma Highly Responsive to PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade
Desmoplastic melanoma is a rare subtype of melanoma that is commonly found on sun-exposed areas, such as the head and neck, and usually seen in older patients. Treatment is difficult, as these tumors are often resistant to chemotherapy and lack actionable mutations commonly found in other types of...
Role of Bone-Modifying Agents in Multiple Myeloma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Kenneth C. Anderson, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and colleagues, ASCO has issued a clinical practice guideline update on the role of bone-modifying agents in multiple myeloma.1 The update was performed by an expert panel systematic...
Hormone Therapy and Diabetes Risk in Survivors of Breast Cancer
In an Israeli case-cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hamood et al found that hormone therapy in breast cancer survivors was associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes. The study involved a cohort of 2,246 women from the Leumit health-care fund diagnosed with...
Long-Term Quality-of-Life Results Compared for Two Radiotherapy Strategies After Breast-Conserving Surgery
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Schäfer et al, little difference in quality of life was observed over long-term follow-up between women receiving accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) with interstitial brachytherapy vs whole-breast irradiation (WBI) after breast-conserving...
Nivolumab in Adjuvant Treatment of Melanoma
On December 20, 2017, nivolumab (Opdivo) was granted regular approval for adjuvant treatment of patients with melanoma with lymph node involvement or metastatic disease who have undergone complete resection.1,2 Nivolumab was previously approved for the treatment of patients with unresectable or...
Nilotinib Label Updated to Provide Treatment Discontinuation Recommendations for CML With Sustained Molecular Response
On December 22, 2017, the product label for nilotinib (Tasigna) was updated to include information on nilotinib discontinuation, postdiscontinuation monitoring, and guidance for treatment reinitiation in patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who have...
Combined Immune Checkpoint and VEGF Inhibition as First-Line Therapy in Advanced Clear Cell Kidney Cancer
In a dose-finding, dose-expansion phase Ib trial (JAVELIN Renal 100) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Toni K. Choueiri, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and colleagues determined the maximum tolerated dose of the immune checkpoint inhibitor avelumab (Bavencio)...
IL-15 Superagonist Plus Nivolumab in Advanced NSCLC
In a phase Ib trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wrangle et al found evidence of activity of the combination of nivolumab (Opdivo) and the interleukin (IL)-15 superagonist ALT-803 in patients with previously treated advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ALT-803 targets the shared...
Prediction of Late Distant Recurrence in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer After 5 Years of Endocrine Therapy
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dowsett et al have developed a clinicopathologic tool for predicting risk of late distant recurrence in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer treated with 5 years of endocrine therapy. Study Details In the study, a prognostic score for...
Proportion of Cancer Cell Nuclei With High Chromatin Entropy and Outcome in Gynecologic Cancers
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Nielsen et al found significant associations between higher proportions of cancer cell nuclei with high chromatin entropy (associated with genomic instability) and poorer outcomes in gynecologic cancers. Study Details In the...
Adverse Financial Impact of Breast Cancer for Black vs White Women
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wheeler et al found that black women experience significantly worse financial impact from breast cancer compared with white women, which may contribute to barriers to treatment compliance and worse outcomes. Study Details The...
Diagnosis-to-Treatment Interval and Outcome in Newly Diagnosed DLBCL
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Maurer et al found that a shorter interval between diagnosis and treatment was associated with adverse prognostic features and that a longer interval was associated with greater event-free survival in the first-line treatment of diffuse large ...
Characteristics of FDA-Designated Breakthrough and Nonbreakthrough Cancer Drugs
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hwang et al found little difference in the efficacy and safety of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-designated breakthrough vs nonbreakthrough cancer drugs and found that breakthrough drugs were not more likely to represent a novel...
Infection-Associated Late Mortality in Childhood Cancer Survivors Undergoing Splenectomy or Splenic Radiation
In a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Weil et al found that splenectomy and splenic radiation significantly increased the risk of infection-related late mortality among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer. Study Details The study...
Addition of Everolimus to Fulvestrant in HR-Positive, HER2-Negative, Aromatase Inhibitor–Resistant Metastatic Breast Cancer
In the phase II PrE0102 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Kornblum et al, the addition of everolimus to fulvestrant (Faslodex) improved progression-free survival in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer resistant to...
Survival Analysis for Adjuvant Chemotherapy vs Observation After Pathologic Complete Response and Resection in Rectal Cancer
In a propensity-score matching analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Polanco et al found that adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a survival benefit vs observation among patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent resection after pathologic complete response following neoadjuvant ...
Concordance of Non–Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Among Brother Pairs
In a Swedish study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jansson et al identified an increased risk of non–low-risk prostate cancer among men with prostate cancer who had with brothers diagnosed with non–low-risk disease. Study Details The study involved 4,262 pairs of...
Results From AREN0533: Treating Higher-Risk Favorable-Histology Wilms Tumor
In a report from the Children’s Oncology Group AREN0533 study published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dix et al found improved survival outcomes with a modified approach to treatment of favorable-histology Wilms tumor with lung metastases. Study Details The National Wilms Tumor Study...
Long-Term Outcomes of Adjuvant Treatment in High-Risk Prostate Cancer
As reported by Hussain et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, long-term follow-up of the phase III SWOG S9921 trial showed that the addition of adjuvant mitoxantrone and prednisone (MP) to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) did not improve survival and increased death from other malignancies in ...
Family History and Contralateral Breast Cancer Risk in Young Women
In an update from the WECARE (Women’s Environmental Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology) study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Reiner et al found that women with invasive breast cancer are at increased risk of contralateral breast cancer even in the absence of deleterious...
Immune-Related Toxicity With Combination Immunotherapy for Melanoma
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Alexander N. Shoushtari, MD, of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, a single-center experience has shown a very high rate of clinically significant immune-related adverse events with nivolumab (Opdivo) plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) for advanced...
